... In his welcoming remarks, Admiral Brett Giroir, assistant secretary for health at the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), underscored the importance of improving brain health across the life span, from birth through old age. Brain health affects ... across all ages, genders, races, and ethnicities. Enriching the body of scientific knowledge around brain health and cognitive ability has the potential to improve quality of life and longevity for many millions of Americans and their families. The Centers for ... Control and Prevention estimate that as many as 5 million Americans were living with Alzheimer’s disease in 2014. That same year, more than 800,000 ... . Each year, more than 795,000 people in the United States have a stroke. Developing more effective treatment strategies for brain injuries and illnesses is essential, but brain health is not focused exclusively on disease, disorders, and vulnerability. It is equally important to better ... the ways our brains grow, learn, adapt, and heal. Addressing all of these domains to optimize brain health will require consideration about how to define brain health and resilience and about ... to identify key elements to measure those concepts. Understanding the interactions between the brain, the body, and socioenvironmental forces is also fundamental to improving brain health....