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Transit agencies can provide fixed-route bus transit services through direct operation, contracting out to a third party, or a combination of both. Contracting out can be done to another transit agency or a private firm, and may include specific modes, routes, or garages. The quality and cost efficiency of outsourced service depend on local, contractual, and managerial factors.

TCRP Synthesis 171: Third-Party Contracts for Fixed-Route Bus Operations and Maintenance: Performance Metrics, from TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program, focuses on the performance metrics used in contracts for fixed-route bus operations and maintenance, extending the 2018 findings of TCRP Synthesis 136: Contracting Fixed-Route Bus Transit Service.

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Suggested Citation

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Third-Party Contracts for Fixed-Route Bus Operations and Maintenance: Performance Metrics. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/27074.

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Publication Info

128 pages |  8.5 x 11 |  DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/27074
Chapters skim
Front Matter i-viii
Summary 1-3
Chapter 1 - Introduction 4-6
Chapter 2 - Background 7-17
Chapter 3 - Transit Agency Survey 18-35
Chapter 4 - Case Examples 36-73
Chapter 5 - Conclusions and Future Study 74-77
References 78-79
Appendix A - Definitions of Contractual Relationships Terms 80-80
Appendix B - Excerpts from Performance Measures and LDs 81-82
Appendix C - Survey Flowchart 83-84
Appendix D - Survey Questionnaire 85-115
Appendix E - Details of San Diego MTS Incentives and Penalties 116-118
Appendix F - Details of Sun Tran Incentives and Penalties 119-122

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