Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests

National Research Council

doi:10.17226/5739

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Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests

(1997)

During the 1950s and 1960s, the U.S. Army conducted atmospheric dispersion tests in many American cities using fluorescent particles of zinc cadmium sulfide (ZnCdS) to develop and verify meteorological models to estimate the dispersal of aerosols. Upon learning of the tests, many citizens and some public health officials in the affected cities raised concerns about the health consequences of the tests. This book assesses the public health effects of the Army's tests, including the toxicity of ZnCdS, the toxicity of surrogate cadmium compounds, the environmental fate of ZnCdS, the extent of public exposures from the dispersion tests, and the risks of such exposures.

Contributor(s): National Research Council; Division on Earth and Life Studies; Commission on Life Sciences; Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide

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Suggested Citation

National Research Council. 1997. Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/5739.

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Publication Info

380 pages | 6 x 9 |

ISBNs:

Paperback: 978-0-309-05783-7
Ebook: 978-0-309-17478-7

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/5739

Chapters		skim
Front Matter	i-xx
Summary	1-16
Introduction	17-24
Input From the Public	25-31
Toxicity and Related Data on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide	32-38
Toxicity and Related Data on Selected Cadmium Compounds	39-56
Exposure Assessment	57-66
Risk Characterization of Exposures to Zinc Cadmium Sulfide	67-81
Scientific Feasibility of Epidemiologic Study	82-93
Conclusions and Recommendations	94-99
References	100-111
A: Historical Background of the U. S. Biological Warfare Program	112-121
B: Summary of Doses and Concentrations of Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Particles from the Army's Dispersion Tests	122-294
C: Correspondence from the Army	295-297
D: Interaction of Zinc and Cadmium and Toxicity of Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Activators	298-300
E: Public Meeting Agendas	301-309
F: Sampling and Analytic Methods for Zinc Cadmium Sulfide	310-314
G: Review of AEHA Risk Assessment Reports on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide	315-333
H: Review of EPA, ATSDR, and CDC Comments on the Army's Risk Assessment Reports on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide	334-336
I: Cadmium Exposure Assessment, Transport, and Environment Fate	337-359
Glossary	360-366

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