@BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Glenn E. Schweitzer", title = "Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism and Terrorism: A Cooperative Program of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences (1995-2020)", isbn = "978-0-309-08775-9", abstract = "During the past 25 years, the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, in collaboration with the Russian Academy of Sciences, have carried out a wide variety of activities to improve understanding of the challenges in containing and reducing ethnic conflicts, violent extremism, and terrorism. Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism and Terrorism provides an overview of this cross-ocean program, which has involved American and Russian scientists, engineers, and medical professionals from a large number of government agencies, leading research institutions, think tanks, educational institutions, analytical centers, and consulting and commercial firms in the two countries. This report highlights challenges addressed by the academies over many years that remain of current interest as the U.S., Russian, and other governments continue to cope with old and new forms of aggression that threaten the livelihood of populations at home and abroad.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26281/roots-and-trajectories-of-violent-extremism-and-terrorism-a-cooperative", year = 2022, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Maximizing U.S. Interests in Science and Technology Relations with Japan: Report of the Defense Task Force", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9294/maximizing-us-interests-in-science-and-technology-relations-with-japan-report-of-the-defense-task-force", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Humanities Doctorates in the United States: 1991 Profile", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9118/humanities-doctorates-in-the-united-states-1991-profile", year = 1994, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "Regional Ballistic Missile Defense in the Context of Strategic Stability", isbn = "978-0-309-46891-6", abstract = "As ballistic missile technology proliferates, and as ballistic missile defenses are deployed by both the Russian Federation and the United States, it is increasingly important for these two countries to seek ways to reap the benefits of systems that can protect their own national security interests against limited missile attacks from third countries without undermining the strategic balance that the two governments maintain to ensure stability. Regional Ballistic Missile Defense in the Context of Strategic Stability examines both the technical implications of planned missile defense deployments for Russian and U.S. strategic deterrents and the benefits and disadvantages of a range of options for cooperation on missile defense.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24964/regional-ballistic-missile-defense-in-the-context-of-strategic-stability", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Irene Ngun", title = "Together We Can Do Better: A Gathering of Leaders in Academia to Prevent Sexual Harassment: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", abstract = "In recent decades, important gains have been made with respect to the participation of women in science, technology, engineering, and medical (STEM) disciplines at the undergraduate and graduate levels in the United States. More women than ever are joining faculty ranks in these fields and moving into leadership positions in higher education. While the \u201cgender gap\u201d is narrowing, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine argues that more rapid and sustained progress in closing the gap in science, engineering, and medicine is jeopardized by the persistence of sexual harassment and its adverse impact on women\u2019s careers at colleges and universities. In an effort to advance the discussion on implementing the report\u2019s recommendations, the National Academies held a convocation on November 9, 2018 in Washington, DC. The event brought together academic leaders, Title IX and diversity officers, ombudsmen, researchers in sexual harassment, and leaders from professional societies, foundations, and federal agencies, to discuss strategies and share promising practices. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the convocation.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25413/together-we-can-do-better-a-gathering-of-leaders-in-academia-to-prevent-sexual-harassment", year = 2019, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "Nuclear Arms Control: Background and Issues", isbn = "978-0-309-03491-3", abstract = "This nontechnical overview of developments in nuclear arms control describes how the United States and the Soviet Union arrived at their present positions\u2014and where they might go from here. According to Foreign Affairs, \"This book is proof that the complexities of arms control can be successfully explained in a nontechnical, and even more importantly, nonpartisan manner....It presents the key issues in a clear, thorough, and remarkably up-to-date way....Strongly recommended as a primary source for classroom and public discussions.\"", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11/nuclear-arms-control-background-and-issues", year = 1985, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Steven Kendall and Dominic Lobuglio", title = "Location Data in the Context of Public Health, Research, and Law Enforcement: An Exploration of Governance Frameworks: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief", abstract = "On June 8-9, 2022, an ad hoc planning committee under the auspices of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Committee on Science, Technology, and Law hosted a workshop, Location Data in the Context of Public Health, Research, and Law Enforcement: An Exploration of Governance Frameworks. The workshop examined the collection, interpretation, and use of location data by government, academia, and industry. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26645/location-data-in-the-context-of-public-health-research-and-law-enforcement-an-exploration-of-governance-frameworks", year = 2022, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Humanities Doctorates in the United States: 1995 Profile", isbn = "978-0-309-05844-5", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5840/humanities-doctorates-in-the-united-states-1995-profile", year = 1997, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP title = "Marshaling Technology for Development: Proceedings of a Symposium", isbn = "978-0-309-05349-5", abstract = "Recent technological advances, particularly in microelectronics and telecommunications, biotechnology, and advanced materials, pose critical challenges and opportunities for developing countries, and for the development banks and other organizations that serve them. Those countries that fail to adapt to the transformations driven by new technologies in industry, agriculture, health, environment, energy, education, and other sectors may find it difficult to avoid falling behind. This book represents a joint effort by the World Bank and the National Research Council to survey the status and effect of technology change in key sectors and to recommend action by the development organizations, government, private sector and the scientific and technological community.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5022/marshaling-technology-for-development-proceedings-of-a-symposium", year = 1995, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Terrorism: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Improving Responses: U.S.-Russian Workshop Proceedings", isbn = "978-0-309-08971-5", abstract = "This book is devoted primarily to papers prepared by American and Russian specialists\non cyber terrorism and urban terrorism. It also includes papers on biological and\nradiological terrorism from the American and Russian perspectives. Of particular\ninterest are the discussions of the hostage situation at Dubrovko in Moscow, the\ndamge inflicted in New York during the attacks on 9\/11, and Russian priorities in\naddressing cyber terrorism.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10968/terrorism-reducing-vulnerabilities-and-improving-responses-us-russian-workshop-proceedings", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Franklin Carrero-Martínez and Negin Sobhani and Emi Kameyama and Paula Whitacre", title = "2021 Nobel Prize Summit: Our Planet, Our Future: Proceedings of a Summit", isbn = "978-0-309-09369-9", abstract = "Our future depends on our collective ability to become effective stewards of the global commons - the climate, ice, land, ocean, fresh water, forests, soils and rich diversity of life. Hosted by the Nobel Foundation and organized by the US National Academy of Sciences in partnership with the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and the Stockholm Resilience Centre\/Beijer Institute, the first Nobel Prize Summit brought together Nobel Prize laureates, scientists, policy makers, business leaders, and youth leaders to explore the question: What can be achieved in this decade to put the world on a path to a more sustainable, more prosperous future for all of humanity?\nFrom April 26-28, 2021, this virtual event combined keynotes and lively discussion with live performance and theatre. Framed around the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, speakers explored solutions to some of humanity's greatest challenges: climate change and biodiversity loss, increasing inequality, and technological innovation in support of societal goals. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the Summit.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26310/2021-nobel-prize-summit-our-planet-our-future-proceedings-of", year = 2021, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Beyond 'Fortress America': National Security Controls on Science and Technology in a Globalized World", isbn = "978-0-309-13026-4", abstract = "The national security controls that regulate access to and export of science and technology are broken. As currently structured, many of these controls undermine our national and homeland security and stifle American engagement in the global economy, and in science and technology. These unintended consequences arise from policies that were crafted for an earlier era. In the name of maintaining superiority, the U.S. now runs the risk of becoming less secure, less competitive and less prosperous. \n\nBeyond \"Fortress America\" provides an account of the costs associated with building walls that hamper our access to global science and technology that dampen our economic potential. The book also makes recommendations to reform the export control process, ensure scientific and technological competitiveness, and improve the non-immigrant visa system that regulates entry into the United States of foreign science and engineering students, scholars, and professionals. \n\nBeyond \"Fortress America\" contains vital information and action items for the President and policy makers that will affect the United States' ability to compete globally. Interested parties\u2014including military personnel, engineers, scientists, professionals, industrialists, and scholars\u2014will find this book a valuable tool for stemming a serious decline affecting broad areas of the nation's security and economy. \n\n ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12567/beyond-fortress-america-national-security-controls-on-science-and-technology", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Glenn Schweitzer and Merc Fox", title = "Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue: Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops", isbn = "978-0-309-13757-7", abstract = "Few countries have endured as many attacks of terrorism during the past two decades as has Russia. From bombings on the streets of a number of cities, to the disruption of pipelines in Dagestan, to the taking of hundreds of hostages at a cultural center in Moscow and at a school in Beslan, the Russian government has responded to many political and technical challenges to protect the population. The measures that have been undertaken to reduce vulnerabilities to terrorist attacks and to mitigate the consequences of attacks have been of widespread interest in many other countries as well.\n\nIn June 1999, the Presidents of the National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences initiated an inter-academy program to jointly address common interests in the field of counter-terrorism. Four workshops were held from 2001 to 2007 and additional consultations were undertaken prior to and after the series of workshops. This report includes 35 of the Russian presentations during the workshop series. Collectively they provide a broad overview of activities that have been supported by Russian institutions.\n", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12629/russian-views-on-countering-terrorism-during-eight-years-of-dialogue", year = 2009, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "Challenges for the 1990s for Arms Control and International Security", isbn = "978-0-309-04084-6", abstract = "Featuring essays by prominent experts in international security, this volume surveys the status and prospects for progress in every major area of arms control under active negotiation: strategic and conventional force reductions, a chemical weapons ban, and the vitality of the nuclear nonproliferation treaty regime. Also included is a fascinating account of the implementation of the INF Treaty through on-site inspections to verify missile destruction by the director of the U.S. On-Site Inspection Agency, Brigadier General Roland Lajoie. Roald Sagdeev, a prominent Soviet scientist and expert on security matters, offers his views of the Soviet Union's restructuring of its approach to national and international security. Also featured are essays by Wolfgang Panofsky, R. James Woolsey, Paul Doty, Matthew Meselson, Spurgeon Keeny, and Marvin Goldberger.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1462/challenges-for-the-1990s-for-arms-control-and-international-security", year = 1989, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academy of Sciences", title = "Reykjavik and Beyond: Deep Reductions in Strategic Nuclear Arsenals and the Future Direction of Arms Control", isbn = "978-0-309-03799-0", abstract = "No more important issue faces us today than the future success of efforts to manage and control nuclear arsenals. Reykjavik and Beyond represents the careful consideration of this subject by a group of experts deeply involved in arms control. The authors consider what changes in force structures, strategic thought, and political relations would be necessary to make possible large reductions in the superpowers' nuclear arsenals. They also examine how very deep cuts would affect other aspects of the military balance and the political and international order more broadly.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1089/reykjavik-and-beyond-deep-reductions-in-strategic-nuclear-arsenals-and", year = 1988, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "Science and Technology in Armenia: Toward a Knowledge-Based Economy", isbn = "978-0-309-09278-4", abstract = "An NRC ad hoc committee analyzed the current status and future development potential of Armenia's science and technology base, including human and infrastructural resources and research and educational capabilities. The committee identified those fields and institutions offering promising opportunities for contributing to economic and social development, and particularly institutions having unique and important capabilities, worthy of support from international financial institutions, private investment sources, and the Armenian and U.S. governments. The scope of the study included both pure and applied research as well as education in science-related fields. The committee's report addresses the existing capacity of state and private research institutions, higher education capabilities and trends, scientific funding sources, innovative investment models, relevant success stories, factors hindering development of the science sector, potential domestic Armenian customers for scientific results and products, and opportunities for regional scientific collaboration. An Armenian language version of the report is also available.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11107/science-and-technology-in-armenia-toward-a-knowledge-based-economy", year = 2004, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", title = "The Flexible Electronics Opportunity", isbn = "978-0-309-30591-4", abstract = "Flexible electronics describes circuits that can bend and stretch, enabling significant versatility in applications and the prospect of low-cost manufacturing processes. They represent an important technological advance, in terms of their performance characteristics and potential range of applications, ranging from medical care, packaging, lighting and signage, consumer electronics and alternative energy (especially solar energy.) What these technologies have in common is a dependence on efficient manufacturing that currently requires improved technology, processes, tooling, and materials, as well as ongoing research. Seeking to capture the global market opportunity in flexible electronics, major U.S. competitors have initiated dedicated programs that are large in scope and supported with significant government funding to develop and acquire these new technologies, refine them, and ultimately manufacture them within their national borders. These national and regional investments are significantly larger than U.S. investment and more weighted toward later stage applied research and development.\nThe Flexible Electronics Opportunity examines and compares selected innovation programs both foreign and domestic, and their potential to advance the production of flexible electronics technology in the United States. This report reviews the goals, concept, structure, operation, funding levels, and evaluation of foreign programs similar to major U.S. programs, e.g., innovation awards, S&T parks, and consortia. The report describes the transition of flexible electronics research into products and to makes recommendations to improve and to develop U.S. programs. Through an examination of the role of research consortia around the world to advance flexible electronics technology, the report makes recommendations for steps that the U.S. might consider to develop a robust industry in the United States.\nSignificant U.S. expansion in the market for flexible electronics technologies is not likely to occur in the absence of mechanisms to address investment risks, the sharing of intellectual property, and the diverse technology requirements associated with developing and manufacturing flexible electronics technologies. The Flexible Electronics Opportunity makes recommendations for collaboration among industry, universities, and government to achieve the critical levels of investment and the acceleration of new technology development that are needed to catalyze a vibrant flexible electronics industry. ", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18812/the-flexible-electronics-opportunity", year = 2014, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "David Skorton and Ashley Bear", title = "The Integration of the Humanities and Arts with Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in Higher Education: Branches from the Same Tree", isbn = "978-0-309-47061-2", abstract = "In the United States, broad study in an array of different disciplines \u2014arts, humanities, science, mathematics, engineering\u2014 as well as an in-depth study within a special area of interest, have been defining characteristics of a higher education. But over time, in-depth study in a major discipline has come to dominate the curricula at many institutions. This evolution of the curriculum has been driven, in part, by increasing specialization in the academic disciplines. There is little doubt that disciplinary specialization has helped produce many of the achievement of the past century. Researchers in all academic disciplines have been able to delve more deeply into their areas of expertise, grappling with ever more specialized and fundamental problems. \n\nYet today, many leaders, scholars, parents, and students are asking whether higher education has moved too far from its integrative tradition towards an approach heavily rooted in disciplinary \"silos\". These \"silos\" represent what many see as an artificial separation of academic disciplines. This study reflects a growing concern that the approach to higher education that favors disciplinary specialization is poorly calibrated to the challenges and opportunities of our time. \n\nThe Integration of the Humanities and Arts with Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in Higher Education examines the evidence behind the assertion that educational programs that mutually integrate learning experiences in the humanities and arts with science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) lead to improved educational and career outcomes for undergraduate and graduate students. It explores evidence regarding the value of integrating more STEMM curricula and labs into the academic programs of students majoring in the humanities and arts and evidence regarding the value of integrating curricula and experiences in the arts and humanities into college and university STEMM education programs.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24988/the-integration-of-the-humanities-and-arts-with-sciences-engineering-and-medicine-in-higher-education", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Glenn E. Schweitzer and A. Chelsea Sharber", title = "Countering Urban Terrorism in Russia and the United States: Proceedings of a Workshop", isbn = "978-0-309-10245-2", abstract = "In January-February 2005, the National Academies Committee on Counterterrorism Challenges for Russia and the United States and the Russian Academy of Sciences Standing Committee on Counterterrorism held a workshop on urban terrorism in Washington, D.C. Prior to the workshop, three working groups convened to focus on the topics of energy systems vulnerabilities, transportation systems vulnerabilities, and cyberterrorism issues. The working groups met with local experts and first responders, prepared reports, and presented their findings at the workshop. Other workshop papers focused on various organizations' integrated response to acts of urban terrorism, recent acts of terrorism, radiological terrorism, biological terrorism, cyberterrorism, and the roots of terrorism.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11698/countering-urban-terrorism-in-russia-and-the-united-states-proceedings", year = 2006, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" } @BOOK{NAP author = "National Research Council", editor = "Charles W. Wessner", title = "Growing Innovation Clusters for American Prosperity: Summary of a Symposium", isbn = "978-0-309-15622-6", abstract = "Responding to the challenges of fostering regional growth and employment in an increasingly competitive global economy, many U.S. states and regions have developed programs to attract and grow companies as well as attract the talent and resources necessary to develop innovation clusters. These state and regionally based initiatives have a broad range of goals and increasingly include significant resources, often with a sectoral focus and often in partnership with foundations and universities. These are being joined by recent initiatives to coordinate and concentrate investments from a variety of federal agencies that provide significant resources to develop regional centers of innovation, business incubators, and other strategies to encourage entrepreneurship and high-tech development. This has led to renewed interest in understanding the nature of innovation clusters and public policies associated with successful cluster development.\nThe Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP), conducted a symposium which brought together state and federal government officials, leading analysts, congressional staff, and other stakeholders to explore the role of clusters in promoting economic growth, the government's role in stimulating clusters, and the role of universities and foundations in their development.\nGrowing Innovation Clusters for American Prosperity captures the presentations and discussions of the 2009 STEP symposium on innovation clusters. It includes an overview highlighting key issues raised at the meeting and a summary of the meeting's presentations. This report has been prepared by the workshop rapporteur as a factual summary of what occurred at the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12926/growing-innovation-clusters-for-american-prosperity-summary-of-a-symposium", year = 2011, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }