TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Medicine A2 - Kimber Bogard A2 - Velma McBride Murry A2 - Charlee Alexander TI - Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health SN - DO - 10.17226/27117 PY - 2017 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27117/perspectives-on-health-equity-and-social-determinants-of-health PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Social factors, signals, and biases shape the health of our nation. Racism and poverty manifest in unequal social, environmental, and economic conditions, resulting in deep-rooted health disparities that carry over from generation to generation. In Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health, authors call for collective action across sectors to reverse the debilitating and often lethal consequences of health inequity. This edited volume of discussion papers provides recommendations to advance the agenda to promote health equity for all. Organized by research approaches and policy implications, systems that perpetuate or ameliorate health disparities, and specific examples of ways in which health disparities manifest in communities of color, this Special Publication provides a stark look at how health and well-being are nurtured, protected, and preserved where people live, learn, work, and play. All of our nation’s institutions have important roles to play even if they do not think of their purpose as fundamentally linked to health and well-being. The rich discussions found throughout Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health make way for the translation of policies and actions to improve health and health equity for all citizens of our society. The major health problems of our time cannot be solved by health care alone. They cannot be solved by public health alone. Collective action is needed, and it is needed now. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Medicine A2 - Victor J. Dzau A2 - Darrell Kirch A2 - Vivek Murthy A2 - Thomas Nasca TI - National Plan for Health Workforce Well-Being SN - DO - 10.17226/26744 PY - 2024 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26744/national-plan-for-health-workforce-well-being PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - In the United States, 54% of nurses and physicians, 60% of medical students and residents, and 61% of pharmacists have symptoms of burnout. Burnout is a long-standing issue and a fundamental barrier to professional well-being. It was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Health workers who find joy, fulfillment, and meaning in their work can engage on a deeper level with their patients, who are at the heart of health care. Thus, a thriving workforce is essential for delivering safe, high-quality, patient-centered care. The National Plan for Health Workforce Well-Being is intended to inspire collective action that focuses on changes needed across the health system and at the organizational level to improve the well-being of the health workforce. As a nation, we must redesign how health is delivered so that human connection is strengthened, health equity is achieved, and trust is restored. The National Plan’s vision is that patients are cared for by a health workforce that is thriving in an environment that fosters their well-being as they improve population health, enhance the care experience, reduce costs, and advance health equity; therefore, achieving the “quintuple aim.” Together, we can create a health system in which care is delivered joyfully and with meaning, by a committed team of all who work to advance health, in partnership with engaged patients and communities. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Medicine A2 - Sarah M. Greene A2 - Mahnoor Ahmed A2 - Peak Sen Chua A2 - Claudia Grossmann TI - Sharing Health Data: The Why, the Will, and the Way Forward SN - DO - 10.17226/27107 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27107/sharing-health-data-the-why-the-will-and-the-way PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - Sharing health data and information across stakeholder groups is the bedrock of a learning health system. As data and information are increasingly combined across various sources, their generative value to transform health, health care, and health equity increases significantly. Health data have proven their centrality in guiding action to change the course of individual and population health, if properly stewarded and used. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, both data and a lack of data illuminated profound shortcomings that affected health care and health equity. Yet, a silver lining of the pandemic was a surge in collaboration among data holders in public health, health care, and technology firms, suggesting that an evolution in health data sharing is visible and tangible. This Special Publication features some of these novel data-sharing collaborations, and has been developed to provide practical context and implementation guidance that is critical to advancing the lessons learned identified in its parent NAM Special Publication, Health Data Sharing: Building a Foundation of Stakeholder Trust. The focus of this publication is to identify and describe exemplar groups to dispel the myth that sharing health data more broadly is impossible and illuminate the innovative approaches that are being taken to make progress in the current environment. It also serves as a resource for those waiting in the wings, showing how barriers were addressed and harvesting lessons and insights from those on the front lines. In the meantime, knowledge is already available to foster better health care and health outcomes. The examples described in this volume suggest how intentional attention to health data sharing can enable unparalleled advances, securing a healthier and more equitable future for all. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Critical Findings on COVID-19: Select Publications from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine DO - 10.17226/26100 PY - 2021 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26100/critical-findings-on-covid-19-select-publications-from-the-national PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - For more than 150 years, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine have issued reports detailing leading research on public health and infectious disease. In response to the global outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020, the National Academies has continued this work by issuing publications related to disease transmission, preventative measures, vaccinations, and more that can inform the public response to the pandemic. Critical Findings on COVID-19 includes summaries and highlights of many of our key publications on COVID-19, including consensus study reports, workshop and webinar proceedings, and rapid expert consultations. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Conor Semler A2 - Meredyth Sanders A2 - Camilla Dartnell A2 - Mike Alston A2 - Sophia Semensky A2 - Laura Ahramjian A2 - Katie Taylor A2 - Rebecca Sanders A2 - Mary Elbech A2 - Zach Vanderkooy TI - Roadway Cross-Section Reallocation: A Guide DO - 10.17226/26788 PY - 2023 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26788/roadway-cross-section-reallocation-a-guide PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - Streets make up more than 80 percent of public space in cities and towns. From one edge of the right-of-way to the other, planners, engineers, and community groups are coming together to decide how they want to allocate this precious resource.NCHRP Research Report 1036: Roadway Cross-Section Reallocation: A Guide, from TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program, describes how street design decisions impact communities and clarifies how different street elements influence not just transportation outcomes, but livability, economic and environmental health, equity, and many other concerns.Supplemental to the report are NCHRP Web-Only Document 342: Roadway Cross-Section Reallocation: Conduct of Research Report and two Decision-Making Spreadsheet Tools, one on Reconstruction and another on Repaving. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Medicine AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Discussion Draft of the Preliminary Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine DO - 10.17226/25914 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25914/discussion-draft-of-the-preliminary-framework-for-equitable-allocation-of-covid-19-vaccine PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - On September 1, 2020, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine invited public comment on the Discussion Draft of the Preliminary Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine, commissioned by the Centers for Disease Control and the National Institutes of Health. Input from the public, especially communities disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, is essential to produce a final report that is objective, balanced, and inclusive. The public comment period was open for 4 days, from 12:00 p.m. ET on Tuesday, September 1, until 11:59 p.m. ET on Friday, September 4. In addition, the study committee hosted a listening session on Wednesday, September 2, from 12:00 to 5:00 p.m. ET to hear comments from the public. For more information, please visit the study webpage. If you have any questions, please email COVIDVaccineFramework@nas.edu. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Medicine A2 - Laura Harbold DeStefano A2 - Elena Fuentes-Afflick A2 - Eve Higginbotham A2 - Mary Woolley A2 - Keith Yamamoto TI - Transforming Human Health: Celebrating 50 Years of Discovery and Progress SN - DO - 10.17226/26722 PY - 2022 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26722/transforming-human-health-celebrating-50-years-of-discovery-and-progress PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - The past half-century has been an era of astonishing progress for biomedical science, health, and health care in the United States and worldwide. This volume, commissioned to mark the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine (NAM; formerly the Institute of Medicine [IOM]), tells the story of that progress across five major fields: biomedical science and technology, diseases and conditions, public health, U.S. health care, and global health. Since the NAM was founded in 1970, the nation and the world have seen multitudes of remarkable "firsts"—including the dawn of targeted gene therapies, the near eradication of polio, revolutionary treatments for cancers and cardiovascular disease, and many more. NAM members were the architects of many of these breakthroughs, alongside countless dedicated scientists, clinicians, educators, and public health leaders worldwide. The milestones chronicled in this volume are a testament to their remarkable work, which has saved and improved innumerable lives. ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Medicine A2 - Danielle Whicher A2 - Mahnoor Ahmed A2 - Sameer Siddiqi A2 - Inez Adams A2 - Maryan Zirkle A2 - Claudia Grossmann A2 - Kristin L. Carman TI - Health Data Sharing to Support Better Outcomes: Building a Foundation of Stakeholder Trust SN - DO - 10.17226/27110 PY - 2020 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27110/health-data-sharing-to-support-better-outcomes-building-a-foundation PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine KW - Computers and Information Technology AB - The effective use of data is foundational to the concept of a learning health system—one that leverages and shares data to learn from every patient experience, and feeds the results back to clinicians, patients and families, and health care executives to transform health, health care, and health equity. More than ever, the American health care system is in a position to harness new technologies and new data sources to improve individual and population health.Learning health systems are driven by multiple stakeholders—patients, clinicians and clinical teams, health care organizations, academic institutions, government, industry, and payers. Each stakeholder group has its own sources of data, its own priorities, and its own goals and needs with respect to sharing that data. However, in America’s current health system, these stakeholders operate in silos without a clear understanding of the motivations and priorities of other groups. The three stakeholder working groups that served as the authors of this Special Publication identified many cultural, ethical, regulatory, and financial barriers to greater data sharing, linkage, and use. What emerged was the foundational role of trust in achieving the full vision of a learning health system.This Special Publication outlines a number of potentially valuable policy changes and actions that will help drive toward effective, efficient, and ethical data sharing, including more compelling and widespread communication efforts to improve awareness, understanding, and participation in data sharing. Achieving the vision of a learning health system will require eliminating the artificial boundaries that exist today among patient care, health system improvement, and research. Breaking down these barriers will require an unrelenting commitment across multiple stakeholders toward a shared goal of better, more equitable health.We can improve together by sharing and using data in ways that produce trust and respect. Patients and families deserve nothing less. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A2 - Cato T. Laurencin TI - An American Crisis: The Growing Absence of Black Men in Medicine and Science: Proceedings of a Joint Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/25130 PY - 2018 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25130/an-american-crisis-the-growing-absence-of-black-men-in PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Black men are increasingly underrepresented in medical schools and in the medical profession. A diverse workforce is a key attribute of quality healthcare and research suggests that a diverse workforce may help to advance cultural competency and increase access to high-quality health care, especially for underserved populations. Conversely, lack of diversity in the health workforce threatens health care quality and access and contributes to health disparities. In this way, the growing absence of Black men in medicine is especially troubling, because their absence in medicine may have adverse consequences for health care access, quality, and outcomes among Black Americans and Americans overall. To better understand the factors that contribute to the low participation of Black men in the medical profession, facilitate discussion of current strategies used to increase their participation in medical education, and explore new strategies along the educational and professional pipeline that may have potential to increase participation in medicine, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the Cobb Institute jointly convened a 2-day workshop in November 2017, in Washington, DC. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER - TY - BOOK TI - PY - UR - PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English ER -