%0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Anderson, Kat M. %T COVID-19, Health Equity, and the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Communities: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26700/covid-19-health-equity-and-the-asian-american-native-hawaiian-and-pacific-islander-communities %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26700/covid-19-health-equity-and-the-asian-american-native-hawaiian-and-pacific-islander-communities %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 14 %X Communities of color have been among the hardest hit by the COVID virus. Less is known, however, about infection and vaccination rates in the different populations that make up the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AA/NH/PI) communities. In at least 16 states that do disaggregate their data, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders have the highest mortality rates. Additionally, reports of incidents of xenophobia and violence against AANHPI community members, particularly women, became more frequent during the pandemic. Finally, there is a lack of data on AANHPI health and well-being in comparison to other groups, which will make it more difficult to correct these disparities in the future. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity planned and hosted a 2-day public workshop in December 2021 titled COVID-19, Health Equity, and the Asian American, Pacific Islander, and Native Hawaiian Communities. The workshop focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the unique obstacles faced by the AANHPI communities in achieving health equity. This Proceedings of a Workshop-In Brief summarizes the events covered in the workshop discussions. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Ashby, Elizabeth %E Biffl, Claire %E Snair, Megan %T Toward a Post-Pandemic World: Lessons from COVID-19 for Now and the Future: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-68840-6 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26556/toward-a-post-pandemic-world-lessons-from-covid-19-for %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26556/toward-a-post-pandemic-world-lessons-from-covid-19-for %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 128 %X To take stock of lessons learned from COVID-19 around the world and in the United States, the Forum on Microbial Threats held two virtual workshops during 2021. The first workshop focused on what it means to frame the response to COVID-19 through a "syndemic" approach, and what the implications would be for global recovery. The second workshop focused more broadly on key lessons and emerging data from ongoing pandemic response efforts that can be incorporated into current health systems to improve resilience and preparedness for future outbreaks. This workshop explored the long-term effects of COVID-19 on health equity, including considerations for mental health and social determinants of health. It also addressed uncertainties during a pandemic, such as trust, communication, and engagement and explored approaches to systematize recovery efforts to improve the ongoing responses and prepare for the next pandemic. Experts discussed possibilities for a post-pandemic world and a response strategy for stakeholders that ensures sustained community partnerships and prioritization of health equity. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussions from the second workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Nicholson, Anna %E Snair, Megan Reeve %E Herrmann, Jack %T Global Health Risk Framework: Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems to Respond to Global Infectious Disease Outbreaks: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-38114-7 %D 2016 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21856/global-health-risk-framework-resilient-and-sustainable-health-systems-to %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21856/global-health-risk-framework-resilient-and-sustainable-health-systems-to %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 150 %X Since the 2014 Ebola outbreak many public- and private-sector leaders have seen a need for improved management of global public health emergencies. The effects of the Ebola epidemic go well beyond the three hardest-hit countries and beyond the health sector. Education, child protection, commerce, transportation, and human rights have all suffered. The consequences and lethality of Ebola have increased interest in coordinated global response to infectious threats, many of which could disrupt global health and commerce far more than the recent outbreak. In order to explore the potential for improving international management and response to outbreaks the National Academy of Medicine agreed to manage an international, independent, evidence-based, authoritative, multistakeholder expert commission. As part of this effort, the Institute of Medicine convened four workshops in summer of 2015 to inform the commission report. The presentations and discussions from the Workshop on Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems to Respond to Global Infectious Disease Outbreaks are summarized in this report. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Anderson, Kat M. %T Contact Tracing and the Challenges of Health Equity in Vulnerable Latino and Native American Communities: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26174/contact-tracing-and-the-challenges-of-health-equity-in-vulnerable-latino-and-native-american-communities %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26174/contact-tracing-and-the-challenges-of-health-equity-in-vulnerable-latino-and-native-american-communities %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 5 %X Communities of color are experiencing significantly higher rates of COVID-19 infection and significantly higher mortality rates when compared to white Americans. It is critical that contact tracing efforts are executed in ways that are appropriate to those communities experiencing a greater burden of COVID-19. In some cases these efforts should take into account the distrust some communities have in health care systems and providers. Other issues relevant to contact tracing include language, cultural competency, health literacy, stigma, and privacy concerns, particularly in multigenerational households. Furthermore, contact tracers may identify individuals who lack access to care and/or health insurance, or the supportive services needed to isolate if they test positive, and some individuals will be residents without documentation. Recruiting and building a new cadre of contact tracers should meet the immediate goal of addressing the pandemic, but attention could also be paid to building a public health infrastructure in communities that supports health equity. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity hosted a public webinar titled, Doing It Right: Contact Tracing and Health Equity, on July 30, 2020, which focused on the role of contact tracing for vulnerable groups, in this case, Native Americans and Latino communities, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This publication provides a summary of the discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Hanfling, Dan %E Hick, John L. %E Stroud, Clare %T Crisis Standards of Care: A Toolkit for Indicators and Triggers %@ 978-0-309-28552-0 %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18338/crisis-standards-of-care-a-toolkit-for-indicators-and-triggers %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18338/crisis-standards-of-care-a-toolkit-for-indicators-and-triggers %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 216 %X Disasters and public health emergencies can stress health care systems to the breaking point and disrupt delivery of vital medical services. During such crises, hospitals and long-term care facilities may be without power; trained staff, ambulances, medical supplies and beds could be in short supply; and alternate care facilities may need to be used. Planning for these situations is necessary to provide the best possible health care during a crisis and, if needed, equitably allocate scarce resources. Crisis Standards of Care: A Toolkit for Indicators and Triggers examines indicators and triggers that guide the implementation of crisis standards of care and provides a discussion toolkit to help stakeholders establish indicators and triggers for their own communities. Together, indicators and triggers help guide operational decision making about providing care during public health and medical emergencies and disasters. Indicators and triggers represent the information and actions taken at specific thresholds that guide incident recognition, response, and recovery. This report discusses indicators and triggers for both a slow onset scenario, such as pandemic influenza, and a no-notice scenario, such as an earthquake. Crisis Standards of Care features discussion toolkits customized to help various stakeholders develop indicators and triggers for their own organizations, agencies, and jurisdictions. The toolkit contains scenarios, key questions, and examples of indicators, triggers, and tactics to help promote discussion. In addition to common elements designed to facilitate integrated planning, the toolkit contains chapters specifically customized for emergency management, public health, emergency medical services, hospital and acute care, and out-of-hospital care. %0 Book %A National Academy of Medicine %E Adams, Laura %E Ahmed, Mahnoor %E Bailey, Ariana %E Chua, Peak Sen %E Chukwurah, Chinenye Stephen %E Cocchiola, Michael %E Cupito, Anna %E Kadakia, Kushal %E Lee, Jennifer %E Williams, Asia %T Emerging Stronger from COVID-19: Priorities for Health System Transformation %@ 978-0-309-69173-4 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26657/emerging-stronger-from-covid-19-priorities-for-health-system-transformation %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26657/emerging-stronger-from-covid-19-priorities-for-health-system-transformation %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 568 %X In mid-2022, the United States has lost more than 1 million people to the COVID-19 pandemic. We have been real-time witnesses to scores of heroic responses to the disease, death, inequity, and economic strife unleashed by the virus, but have also experienced the consequences of poor pandemic preparedness and long-standing structural failures in our health system. For decades, the U.S. health system has fallen far short of its potential to support and improve individual and population health. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented death and devastation—but also an unprecedented opportunity to truly transform U.S. health, health care, and health delivery. To capitalize on this opportunity, the National Academy of Medicine gathered field leaders from across all of the major health system sectors to assess how each sector has responded to the pandemic and the opportunities that exist for health system transformation. The opportunity is now to capitalize on the hard-won lessons of COVID-19 and build a health care system that centers patients, families, and communities; cares for clinicians; supports care systems, public health, and biomedical research to perform at the best of their abilities; applies innovations from digital health and quality, safety, and standards organizations; and encourages health care payers and health product manufacturers and innovators to produce products that benefit all. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Ogawa, V. Ayano %E Mundaca-Shah, Ceci %E Alper, Joe %T Building Communication Capacity to Counter Infectious Disease Threats: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-45768-2 %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24738/building-communication-capacity-to-counter-infectious-disease-threats-proceedings-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24738/building-communication-capacity-to-counter-infectious-disease-threats-proceedings-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 138 %X Building communication capacity is a critical piece of preparing for, detecting, and responding to infectious disease threats. The International Health Regulations (IHR) establish risk communication—the real-time exchange of information, advice, and opinions between experts or officials and people who face a threat to their survival, health, and economic or social well-being—as a core capacity that World Health Organization member states must fulfill to strengthen the fight against these threats. Despite global recognition of the importance of complying with IHR, 67 percent of signatory countries report themselves as not compliant. By investing in communication capacity, public health and government officials and civil society organizations facing health crises would be prepared to provide advice, information, and reassurance to the public as well as to rapidly develop messages and community engagement activities that are coordinated and take into account social and behavioral dynamics among all sectors. To learn about current national and international efforts to develop the capacity to communicate effectively during times of infectious disease outbreaks, and to explore gaps in the research agenda that may help address communication needs to advance the field, the Forum on Microbial Threats of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a 1.5 day workshop on December 13 and 14, 2016, in Washington, DC. Participants reviewed progress and needs in strengthening communication capacity for dealing with infectious disease threats for both outbreaks and routine challenges in the United States and abroad. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Graig, Laurene %E Alper, Joe %T Caring for People with Serious Illness: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-68958-8 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26596/caring-for-people-with-serious-illness-lessons-learned-from-the %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26596/caring-for-people-with-serious-illness-lessons-learned-from-the %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 128 %X The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted existing weaknesses in the United States health care system, while creating a new set of challenges related to caring for people with serious illness. The National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Quality Care for People with Serious Illness hosted a three-part workshop to explore the initial responses to the pandemic by health care teams providing care to people with serious illness, the impact of the pandemic on the health care workforce, the use of telehealth, issues related to clearly communicating with the public about health emergencies, and policy opportunities to improve care for people with serious illness. Issues related to health equity were discussed throughout the three webinars. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Hanfling, Dan %E Altevogt, Bruce M. %E Viswanathan, Kristin %E Gostin, Lawrence O. %T Crisis Standards of Care: A Systems Framework for Catastrophic Disaster Response: Volume 1: Introduction and CSC Framework %@ 978-0-309-25346-8 %D 2012 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13351/crisis-standards-of-care-a-systems-framework-for-catastrophic-disaster %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13351/crisis-standards-of-care-a-systems-framework-for-catastrophic-disaster %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 519 %X Catastrophic disasters occurring in 2011 in the United States and worldwide—from the tornado in Joplin, Missouri, to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan, to the earthquake in New Zealand—have demonstrated that even prepared communities can be overwhelmed. In 2009, at the height of the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response at the Department of Health and Human Services, along with the Department of Veterans Affairs and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a committee of experts to develop national guidance for use by state and local public health officials and health-sector agencies and institutions in establishing and implementing standards of care that should apply in disaster situations-both naturally occurring and man-made-under conditions of scarce resources. Building on the work of phase one (which is described in IOM's 2009 letter report, Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations), the committee developed detailed templates enumerating the functions and tasks of the key stakeholder groups involved in crisis standards of care (CSC) planning, implementation, and public engagement-state and local governments, emergency medical services (EMS), hospitals and acute care facilities, and out-of-hospital and alternate care systems. Crisis Standards of Care provides a framework for a systems approach to the development and implementation of CSC plans, and addresses the legal issues and the ethical, palliative care, and mental health issues that agencies and organizations at each level of a disaster response should address. Please note: this report is not intended to be a detailed guide to emergency preparedness or disaster response. What is described in this report is an extrapolation of existing incident management practices and principles. Crisis Standards of Care is a seven-volume set: Volume 1 provides an overview; Volume 2 pertains to state and local governments; Volume 3 pertains to emergency medical services; Volume 4 pertains to hospitals and acute care facilities; Volume 5 pertains to out-of-hospital care and alternate care systems; Volume 6 contains a public engagement toolkit; and Volume 7 contains appendixes with additional resources. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Coker, Tumaini Rucker %E Gootman, Jennifer Appleton %E Backes, Emily P. %T Addressing the Long-Term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Families %@ 978-0-309-69695-1 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26809/addressing-the-long-term-effects-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-children-and-families %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26809/addressing-the-long-term-effects-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-children-and-families %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 288 %X The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on the lives of children and their families, who have faced innumerable challenges such as illness and death; school closures; social isolation; financial hardship; food insecurity; deleterious mental health effects; and difficulties accessing health care. In almost every outcome related to social, emotional, behavioral, educational, mental, physical, and economic health and well-being, families identifying as Black, Latino, and Native American, and those with low incomes, have disproportionately borne the brunt of the negative effects of the pandemic. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and families will be felt for years to come. While these long-term effects are unknown, they are likely to have particularly significant implications for children and families from racially and ethnically minoritized communities and with low incomes. Addressing the Long-Term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Families identifies social, emotional, behavioral, educational, mental, physical, and economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and looks at strategies for addressing the challenges and obstacles that the pandemic introduced for children and families in marginalized communities. This report provides recommendations for programs, supports, and interventions to counteract the negative effects of the pandemic on child and family well-being and offers a path forward to recover from the harms of the pandemic, address inequities, and prepare for the future. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Biffl, Claire %E Nicholson, Anna %E Hagg, Tamara %E Liao, Julie %T Applying Lessons Learned from COVID-19 Research and Development to Future Epidemics: Proceedings of a Workshop %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27194/applying-lessons-learned-from-covid-19-research-and-development-to-future-epidemics %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27194/applying-lessons-learned-from-covid-19-research-and-development-to-future-epidemics %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 172 %X The COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed unparalleled speed and cross-sector collaboration in the innovation of tools and technologies to address an emerging infectious disease outbreak. Continued innovation and collaboration in rapid development and implementation of new vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics is central to future outbreak preparedness. The National Academies Forum on Microbial Threats; Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation; and the Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Emergencies and Disasters held a workshop in December 2022 to explore how innovative approaches in research can enhance health systems preparedness and responses to emerging infectious diseases and dangerous pathogens. Workshop participants reflected on critical scientific infrastructure for stakeholder coordination and innovations that can facilitate rapid and effective preparedness and response to emerging infectious disease threats. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the discussions held during the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Knobler, Stacey %E Mahmoud, Adel %E Lemon, Stanley %E Mack, Alison %E Sivitz, Laura %E Oberholtzer, Katherine %T Learning from SARS: Preparing for the Next Disease Outbreak: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-09154-1 %D 2004 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10915/learning-from-sars-preparing-for-the-next-disease-outbreak-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10915/learning-from-sars-preparing-for-the-next-disease-outbreak-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 376 %X The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than 25 other countries within a matter of months. In addition to the number of patients infected with the SARS virus, the disease had profound economic and political repercussions in many of the affected regions. Recent reports of isolated new SARS cases and a fear that the disease could reemerge and spread have put public health officials on high alert for any indications of possible new outbreaks. This report examines the response to SARS by public health systems in individual countries, the biology of the SARS coronavirus and related coronaviruses in animals, the economic and political fallout of the SARS epidemic, quarantine law and other public health measures that apply to combating infectious diseases, and the role of international organizations and scientific cooperation in halting the spread of SARS. The report provides an illuminating survey of findings from the epidemic, along with an assessment of what might be needed in order to contain any future outbreaks of SARS or other emerging infections. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Biffl, Claire %E Liao, Julie %E Nicholson, Anna %T Innovations for Tackling Tuberculosis in the Time of COVID-19: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-68642-6 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26530/innovations-for-tackling-tuberculosis-in-the-time-of-covid-19 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26530/innovations-for-tackling-tuberculosis-in-the-time-of-covid-19 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 194 %X Despite being preventable and curable since the middle of the twentieth century, tuberculosis (TB) has long persisted as the world's deadliest infectious disease, with the communities most devastated by TB among the poorest and most vulnerable in the world. Only about half of people with TB receive successful treatment each year. As the global threat of antimicrobial resistance continues to escalate, so do cases of drug-resistant TB, or TB that is resistant to various antibiotics that constitute standard treatment regimens. In response, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats held a two-part virtual workshop on July 22 and September 14-16, 2021 titled Innovations for Tackling Tuberculosis in the Time of COVID-19. The aims of the workshop were to evaluate the current status of TB elimination, assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global fight against TB, and examine technical and strategic innovations that could be leveraged to meet the United Nations High-Level Meeting on Tuberculosis targets in 2022 and The World Health Organization's END TB Strategy targets by 2030. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Denning, Laura Aiuppa %E Forstag, Erin Hammers %T Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-69035-5 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26619/long-covid-examining-long-term-health-effects-of-covid-19 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26619/long-covid-examining-long-term-health-effects-of-covid-19 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 136 %X 'Long COVID' refers to the wide range of long-lasting symptoms experienced by some patients after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most common symptoms include fatigue, headache, brain fog, shortness of breath, hair loss, and pain. At this time, there are many knowledge gaps related to Long COVID, including the prevalence of the condition, the impact of the symptoms on survivors' ability to function, and the long-term course of the condition. While many individuals with Long COVID recover within one year, others experience little or no decrease in symptom severity over time. Long COVID symptoms can affect a person's ability to work and otherwise function in daily life, so people with the condition may need to utilize programs such as Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and the Supplemental Security Income Program (SSI). The Social Security Administration (SSA), which administers both of these programs, requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine host a public workshop to discuss research into the long-term health effects of COVID-19, their impacts on individuals and populations, and how the SSDI and SSI programs can support individuals who suffer disability as a result of Long COVID. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Higginbotham, Eve %E Dahlberg, Maria Lund %T The Impact of COVID-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %@ 978-0-309-26837-0 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26061/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-the-careers-of-women-in-academic-sciences-engineering-and-medicine %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26061/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-the-careers-of-women-in-academic-sciences-engineering-and-medicine %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 194 %X The spring of 2020 marked a change in how almost everyone conducted their personal and professional lives, both within science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) and beyond. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global scientific conferences and individual laboratories and required people to find space in their homes from which to work. It blurred the boundaries between work and non-work, infusing ambiguity into everyday activities. While adaptations that allowed people to connect became more common, the evidence available at the end of 2020 suggests that the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic endangered the engagement, experience, and retention of women in academic STEMM, and may roll back some of the achievement gains made by women in the academy to date. The Impact of COVID-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine identifies, names, and documents how the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the careers of women in academic STEMM during the initial 9-month period since March 2020 and considers how these disruptions - both positive and negative - might shape future progress for women. This publication builds on the 2020 report Promising Practices for Addressing the Underrepresentation of Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine to develop a comprehensive understanding of the nuanced ways these disruptions have manifested. The Impact of COVID-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will inform the academic community as it emerges from the pandemic to mitigate any long-term negative consequences for the continued advancement of women in the academic STEMM workforce and build on the adaptations and opportunities that have emerged. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Rapid Expert Consultation on Self-Tests for Infectious Diseases: Lessons Learned from COVID-19 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26694/rapid-expert-consultation-on-self-tests-for-infectious-diseases-lessons %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26694/rapid-expert-consultation-on-self-tests-for-infectious-diseases-lessons %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %P 28 %X The pandemic self-testing experience has shown some great successes, which are a tribute to the hard work of individuals at all stages in the development, manufacture, regulation, distribution, and uptake processes. However, it has also demonstrated notable challenges, many arising from the lack of a proactive and comprehensive strategy, with the feedback and flexibility needed for adaptive management as the disease, diagnostic tests, and public opinion evolved. This rapid expert consultation summarizes the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic for the future development and usage of self-tests for circulating infectious diseases and future outbreaks and pandemics. It draws from expert input and published research from previous public health emergencies, as well as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This rapid expert consultation was produced through the Standing Committee for CDC Center for Preparedness and Response (SCPR), an activity of the Health and Medicine Division of National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. SCPR provides a forum for discussion of scientific, technical, and social issues relevant to public health emergency preparedness and response.” %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Forstag, Erin Hammers %T Supporting Children with Disabilities: Lessons from the Pandemic: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-69323-3 %D 2022 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26702/supporting-children-with-disabilities-lessons-from-the-pandemic-proceedings-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26702/supporting-children-with-disabilities-lessons-from-the-pandemic-proceedings-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %K Health and Medicine %P 118 %X An estimated 10 percent of children in the United States are living with disabilities, including a disproportionate number of children living in poverty and children of marginalized racial and ethnic groups. During the pandemic, children with disabilities suffered disproportionately compared to their peers without disabilities. To learn more about what policies and practices might be sustained or implemented beyond the pandemic to support children with disabilities and their families, the Board on Children, Youth, and Families hosted a workshop on June 13-15, 2022. Workshop presenters included service providers, researchers, government leaders, youth with disabilities, and caregivers of children and youth with disabilities. In this workshop, practices were identified that could improve the system of care for children with disabilities as well as improve access to services for underserved and marginalized populations. %0 Book %A Transportation Research Board %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Henson, Trudy C. %E Timmons, Megan %E McDaniel, James %T Public Transit Emergency Preparedness Against Ebola and Other Infectious Diseases: Legal Issues %D 2017 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24795/public-transit-emergency-preparedness-against-ebola-and-other-infectious-diseases-legal-issues %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/24795/public-transit-emergency-preparedness-against-ebola-and-other-infectious-diseases-legal-issues %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Transportation and Infrastructure %P 0 %X TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Legal Research Digest 50: Public Transit Emergency Preparedness Against Ebola and Other Infectious Diseases: Legal Issues examines responses to infectious disease epidemics and identifies legal issues that may be confronted by transit agencies. It considers federal and state laws and available court decisions affecting transit agencies’ responses to infectious disease outbreaks, including potential cohesiveness among transit agencies’ procedures and federal and state guidance. The digest also examines the legal basis for the protocols that public transit agencies and other transportation providers such as airlines have planned or implemented to respond to epidemics and pandemics. This report builds upon the 2014 NCHRP Report 769: A Guide for Public Transportation Pandemic Planning and Response. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Alper, Joe %T Engaging the Private-Sector Health Care System in Building Capacity to Respond to Threats to the Public's Health and National Security: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-48212-7 %D 2018 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25203/engaging-the-private-sector-health-care-system-in-building-capacity-to-respond-to-threats-to-the-publics-health-and-national-security %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25203/engaging-the-private-sector-health-care-system-in-building-capacity-to-respond-to-threats-to-the-publics-health-and-national-security %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 154 %X Disasters tend to cross political, jurisdictional, functional, and geographic boundaries. As a result, disasters often require responses from multiple levels of government and multiple organizations in the public and private sectors. This means that public and private organizations that normally operate independently must work together to mount an effective disaster response. To identify and understand approaches to aligning health care system incentives with the American public’s need for a health care system that is prepared to manage acutely ill and injured patients during a disaster, public health emergency, or other mass casualty event, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a 2-day public workshop on March 20 and 21, 2018. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Relman, David A. %E Choffnes, Eileen R. %E Mack, Alison %T Infectious Disease Movement in a Borderless World: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-14447-6 %D 2010 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12758/infectious-disease-movement-in-a-borderless-world-workshop-summary %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12758/infectious-disease-movement-in-a-borderless-world-workshop-summary %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 322 %X Modern transportation allows people, animals, and plants--and the pathogens they carry--to travel more easily than ever before. The ease and speed of travel, tourism, and international trade connect once-remote areas with one another, eliminating many of the geographic and cultural barriers that once limited the spread of disease. Because of our global interconnectedness through transportation, tourism and trade, infectious diseases emerge more frequently; spread greater distances; pass more easily between humans and animals; and evolve into new and more virulent strains. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted the workshop "Globalization, Movement of Pathogens (and Their Hosts) and the Revised International Health Regulations" December 16-17, 2008 in order to explore issues related to infectious disease spread in a "borderless" world. Participants discussed the global emergence, establishment, and surveillance of infectious diseases; the complex relationship between travel, trade, tourism, and the spread of infectious diseases; national and international policies for mitigating disease movement locally and globally; and obstacles and opportunities for detecting and containing these potentially wide-reaching and devastating diseases. This document summarizes the workshop.