%0 Book %A National Research Council %T The Biological Threat Reduction Program of the Department of Defense: From Foreign Assistance to Sustainable Partnerships %@ 978-0-309-11158-4 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12005/the-biological-threat-reduction-program-of-the-department-of-defense %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12005/the-biological-threat-reduction-program-of-the-department-of-defense %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 120 %X This Congressionally-mandated report identifies areas for further cooperation with Russia and other states of the former Soviet Union under the Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) program of the Department of Defense in the specific area of prevention of proliferation of biological weapons. The report reviews relevant U.S. government programs, and particularly the CTR program, and identifies approaches for overcoming obstacles to cooperation and for increasing the long-term impact of the program. It recommends strong support for continuation of the CTR program. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Developing Capacities for Teaching Responsible Science in the MENA Region: Refashioning Scientific Dialogue %@ 978-0-309-28639-8 %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18356/developing-capacities-for-teaching-responsible-science-in-the-mena-region %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18356/developing-capacities-for-teaching-responsible-science-in-the-mena-region %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %K Education %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 152 %X Spurred on by new discoveries and rapid technological advances, the capacity for life science research is expanding across the globe—and with it comes concerns about the unintended impacts of research on the physical and biological environment, human well-being, or the deliberate misuse of knowledge, tools, and techniques to cause harm. This report describes efforts to address dual use issues by developing institutes around the world that will help life sciences faculty learn to teach about the responsible conduct of science. Based on the successful National Academies Summer Institute for Undergraduate Biology Education and on previous NRC reports on effective methods for teaching about dual use issues, the report's authoring committee designed a general framework for the faculty institutes and chose the Middle East-North Africa (MENA) region to test a prototype faculty institute. In September 2012, the first Institute was held in Aqaba, Jordan, bringing together 28 participants from Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Libya, and Yemen to engage with effective, evidence-based teaching methods, develop curricular materials for use in their own classrooms, and become community leaders on dual use and related topics. Developing Capacities for Teaching Responsible Science in the MENA Region: Refashioning Scientific Dialogue offers insights from the institute that will help in the design and implementation of future programs in the MENA region, and in other parts of the world. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Lemon, Stanley M. %E Hamburg, Margaret A. %E Sparling, P. Frederick %E Choffnes, Eileen R. %E Mack, Alison %T Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges–Finding Solutions: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-11114-0 %D 2007 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11996/global-infectious-disease-surveillance-and-detection-assessing-the-challenges-finding %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11996/global-infectious-disease-surveillance-and-detection-assessing-the-challenges-finding %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Health and Medicine %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 284 %X Early detection is essential to the control of emerging, reemerging, and novel infectious diseases, whether naturally occurring or intentionally introduced. Containing the spread of such diseases in a profoundly interconnected world requires active vigilance for signs of an outbreak, rapid recognition of its presence, and diagnosis of its microbial cause, in addition to strategies and resources for an appropriate and efficient response. Although these actions are often viewed in terms of human public health, they also challenge the plant and animal health communities. Surveillance, defined as "the continual scrutiny of all aspects of occurrence and spread of a disease that are pertinent to effective control", involves the "systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data." Disease detection and diagnosis is the act of discovering a novel, emerging, or reemerging disease or disease event and identifying its cause. Diagnosis is "the cornerstone of effective disease control and prevention efforts, including surveillance." Disease surveillance and detection relies heavily on the astute individual: the clinician, veterinarian, plant pathologist, farmer, livestock manager, or agricultural extension agent who notices something unusual, atypical, or suspicious and brings this discovery in a timely way to the attention of an appropriate representative of human public health, veterinary medicine, or agriculture. Most developed countries have the ability to detect and diagnose human, animal, and plant diseases. Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges—Finding Solutions, Workshop Summary is part of a 10 book series and summarizes the recommendations and presentations of the workshop.