TY - BOOK TI - Building a Diverse Work Force: Scientists and Engineers in the Office of Naval Research SN - DO - 10.17226/5837 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5837/building-a-diverse-work-force-scientists-and-engineers-in-the PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Conflict and Security Issues KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Dale W. Jorgenson A2 - Charles W. Wessner TI - Productivity and Cyclicality in Semiconductors: Trends, Implications, and Questions: Report of a Symposium SN - DO - 10.17226/11134 PY - 2004 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11134/productivity-and-cyclicality-in-semiconductors-trends-implications-and-questions-report PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Industry and Labor AB - Hosted by Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government, this symposium brought together leading technologists and economists to review technical challenges facing the semiconductor industry, the industry’s business cycle, the interconnections between the two, and the implications of growth in semiconductors for the economy as a whole. This volume includes a summary of the symposium proceedings and three major research papers. Topics reviewed encompass the industry technology roadmap, challenges to be overcome to maintain the trajectory of Moore’s Law, the drivers of the continued growth in productivity in the U.S. economy, and economic models for gaining a better understanding of this leading U.S. industry. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Catherine Jay Didion A2 - Rita S. Guenther A2 - Victoria Gunderson TI - From Science to Business: Preparing Female Scientists and Engineers for Successful Transitions into Entrepreneurship: Summary of a Workshop SN - DO - 10.17226/13392 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13392/from-science-to-business-preparing-female-scientists-and-engineers-for PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Scientists, engineers, and medical professionals play a vital role in building the 21st- century science and technology enterprises that will create solutions and jobs critical to solving the large, complex, and interdisciplinary problems faced by society: problems in energy, sustainability, the environment, water, food, disease, and healthcare. As a growing percentage of the scientific and technological workforce, women need to participate fully not just in finding solutions to technical problems, but also in building the organizations responsible for the job creation that will bring these solutions to market and to bear on pressing issues. To accomplish this, it is important that more women in science and engineering become entrepreneurs in order to start new companies; create business units inside established organizations, mature companies, and the government; and/or function as social entrepreneurs focused on societal issues. Entrepreneurship represents a vital source of change in all facets of society, empowering individuals to seek opportunity where others see insurmountable problems. From Science to Business: Preparing Female Scientists and Engineers for Successful Transitions into Entrepreneurship is the summary of an August 2009 workshop that assesses the current status of women undertaking entrepreneurial activity in technical fields, to better understand the nature of the barriers they encounter, and to identify what it takes for women scientists and engineers to succeed as entrepreneurs. This report focuses on women's career transitions from academic science and engineering to entrepreneurship, with a goal of identifying knowledge gaps in women's skills as well as experiences crucial to future success in business and critical for achieving leadership positions in entrepreneurial organizations. From Science to Business makes the case that in addition to educating women scientists and engineers in rigorous problem solving, it is equally important to provide exposure and training to impart the skills that will enable more women to move from the role of expert to that of leader in dynamic new business enterprises. This book will be of interest to professionals in both academia and industry, graduate and post-graduate students, and organizations that advocate for a stronger economy. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Charles W. Wessner TI - The Advanced Technology Program: Assessing Outcomes SN - DO - 10.17226/10145 PY - 2001 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10145/the-advanced-technology-program-assessing-outcomes PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Industry and Labor AB - This report examines the operations of the APT, reviews its extensive assessment program, and provides NRC Committee findings concerning the ATP’s operations and recommendations for potential improvements to the program. The report includes a summary of a major conference held in April 2000 as well as seven papers, including surveys of the industry participants or users of the ATP program, a summary of the results of fifty awards, detailed assessments of major joint ventures, and a description of the current selection process. It is the most comprehensive study to date of the program’s origins, operations, achievements, and assessment. Its conclusion: the program works. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Careers in Science and Technology: An International Perspective SN - DO - 10.17226/5109 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5109/careers-in-science-and-technology-an-international-perspective PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Every industrialized country is concerned with maintaining an adequate supply of individuals interested in careers in science and technology, yet little is known about these efforts outside national borders. This book represents the proceedings of an international conference on Trends in Science and Technology Careers, held in Brussels in 1993. Organized at the behest of OSEP and the OIA Committee on International Organizations and Programs, in cooperation with the European Commission (DG XII) and in response to a resolution of the International Council of Scientific Unions, the conference identified international data on career trends, assessed the research base engaged in studying science and technology careers, and identified ways in which international organizations could promote greater interest in science and technology human resource development. The conference laid the groundwork for continuing international discussions about the best ways to study and promote careers in science and technology and national dialogues about the ways to integrate this knowledge into human resources policies. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Marshaling Technology for Development: Proceedings of a Symposium SN - DO - 10.17226/5022 PY - 1995 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5022/marshaling-technology-for-development-proceedings-of-a-symposium PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Industry and Labor AB - Recent technological advances, particularly in microelectronics and telecommunications, biotechnology, and advanced materials, pose critical challenges and opportunities for developing countries, and for the development banks and other organizations that serve them. Those countries that fail to adapt to the transformations driven by new technologies in industry, agriculture, health, environment, energy, education, and other sectors may find it difficult to avoid falling behind. This book represents a joint effort by the World Bank and the National Research Council to survey the status and effect of technology change in key sectors and to recommend action by the development organizations, government, private sector and the scientific and technological community. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Charles W. Wessner TI - Securing the Future: Regional and National Programs to Support the Semiconductor Industry SN - DO - 10.17226/10677 PY - 2003 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10677/securing-the-future-regional-and-national-programs-to-support-the PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - Based on the deliberations of a high-level international conference, this report summarizes the presentations of an exceptional group of experts, convened by Intel’s Chairman Emeritus Gordon Moore and SEMATECH’s Chairman Emeritus William Spencer. The report documents the critical technological challenges facing this key industry and the rapid growth in government-industry partnerships overseas to support centers of semiconductor research and production in national economies. Importantly, the report provides a series of recommendations designed to strengthen U.S. research in disciplines supporting the continued growth of semiconductor industry, an industry which has made major contributions to the remarkable increases in productivity in the U.S. economy. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Charles W. Wessner TI - The Telecommunications Challenge: Changing Technologies and Evolving Policies: Report of a Symposium SN - DO - 10.17226/11680 PY - 2006 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11680/the-telecommunications-challenge-changing-technologies-and-evolving-policies-report-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology KW - Engineering and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Charles W. Wessner TI - Building the U.S. Battery Industry for Electric Drive Vehicles: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities: Summary of a Symposium SN - DO - 10.17226/13370 PY - 2012 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/13370/building-the-us-battery-industry-for-electric-drive-vehicles-progress PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor KW - Transportation and Infrastructure KW - Engineering and Technology AB - Since 1991, the National Research Council, under the auspices of the Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy, has undertaken a program of activities to improve policymakers' understandings of the interconnections of science, technology, and economic policy and their importance for the American economy and its international competitive position. The Board's activities have corresponded with increased policy recognition of the importance of knowledge and technology to economic growth. The goal of the this symposium was to conduct two public symposia to review and analyze the potential contributions of public-private partnerships and identify other relevant issues for the Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, Energy Storage Team's activities in the energy storage research and development area. The symposia will also identify lessons from these and other domestic and international experiences to help inform DoE as to whether its activities are complete and appropriately focused. Additional topics that emerge in the course of the planning may also be addressed. Building the U.S. Battery Industry for Electric Drive Vehicles: Summary of a Symposium gathers representatives from leading battery manufacturers, automotive firms, university researchers, academic and industry analysts, congressional staff, and federal agency representatives. An individually-authored summary of each symposium will be issued. The symposium was held in Michigan in order to provide direct access to the policymakers and industrial participants drawn from the concentration of battery manufacturers and automotive firms in the region. The symposium reviewed the current state, needs, and challenges of the U.S. advanced battery manufacturing industry; challenges and opportunities in battery R&D, commercialization, and deployment; collaborations between the automotive industry and battery industry; workforce issues, and supply chain development. It also focused on the impact of DoE's investments and the role of state and federal programs in support of this growing industry. This task of this report is to summarize the presentations and discussions that took place at this symposium. Needless to say, the battery industry has evolved very substantially since the conference was held, and indeed some of the caveats raised by the speakers with regard to overall demand for batteries and the prospects of multiple producers now seem prescient. At the same time, it is important to understand that it is unrealistic to expect that all recipients of local, state, or federal support in a complex and rapidly evolving industry will necessarily succeed. A number of the firms discussed here have been absorbed by competitors, others have gone out of business, and others continue to progress. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Sciences AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Steve Olson A2 - Maria Dahlberg TI - Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem: Can Past Successes Help Inform Future Strategies? Summary of Two Workshops SN - DO - 10.17226/18509 PY - 2013 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18509/trends-in-the-innovation-ecosystem-can-past-successes-help-inform PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - Innovation has been a major engine of American economic and societal progress. It has increased per capita income more than sevenfold since the 19th century, has added three decades to the average lifespan, has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information, and has made the United States the strongest military power in the world. Without its historical leadership in innovation, the United States would be a very different country than it is today. Trends in the Innovation Ecosystem is the summary of two workshops hosted by the Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (COSEPUP) of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine in February and May, 2013. Experts from industry, academia, and finance met to discuss the challenges involved in innovation pathways. Both workshops focused on the interactions between research universities and industry and the concept of innovation as a "culture" as opposed to an operational method. The goal was to gain a better understanding of what key factors contributed to successful innovations in the past, how today's environment might necessitate changes in strategy, and what changes are likely to occur in the future in the context of a global innovation ecosystem. This report discusses the state of innovation in America, obstacles to both innovation and to reaping the benefits of innovation, and ways of overcoming those obstacles. ER -