%0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Telecommunications Research and Engineering at the Communications Technology Laboratory of the Department of Commerce: Meeting the Nation's Telecommunications Needs %@ 978-0-309-37980-9 %D 2015 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21828/telecommunications-research-and-engineering-at-the-communications-technology-laboratory-of-the-department-of-commerce %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21828/telecommunications-research-and-engineering-at-the-communications-technology-laboratory-of-the-department-of-commerce %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 64 %X The Department of Commerce operates two telecommunications research laboratories located at the Department of Commerce's Boulder, Colorado, campus: the National Telecommunications and Information Administration's (NTIA's) Institute for Telecommunications Sciences (ITS) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST's) Communications Technology Laboratory (CTL). CTL develops appropriate measurements and standards to enable interoperable public safety communications, effective and efficient spectrum use and sharing, and advanced communication technologies. CTL is a newly organized laboratory within NIST, formed mid-2014. As it is new and its planned work represents a departure from that carried out by the elements of which it was composed, this study focuses on its available resources and future plans rather than past work. The Boulder telecommunications laboratories currently play an important role in the economic vitality of the country and can play an even greater role given the importance of access to spectrum and spectrum sharing to the wireless networking and mobile cellular industries. Research advances are needed to ensure the continued evolution and enhancement of the connected world the public has come to expect. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %E Casola, Linda %T Enhancing Urban Sustainability Infrastructure: Mathematical Approaches for Optimizing Investments: Proceedings of a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-70071-9 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26905/enhancing-urban-sustainability-infrastructure-mathematical-approaches-for-optimizing-investments-proceedings %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26905/enhancing-urban-sustainability-infrastructure-mathematical-approaches-for-optimizing-investments-proceedings %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 140 %X The National Academies Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics and Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment convened a 3-day public workshop on July 13, 20, and 27, 2022, to explore state-of-the-art analytical tools that could advance urban sustainability through improved prioritization of public works projects. Invited speakers included people working in urban sustainability, city planning, local public and private infrastructure, asset management, and infrastructure investment; city officials and utility officials; and statisticians, data scientists, mathematicians, economists, computer scientists, and artificial intelligence/machine learning experts. Presentations and workshop discussions provided insights into new research areas that have the potential to advance urban sustainability in public works planning, as well as the barriers to their adoption. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Making the Nation Safe from Fire: A Path Forward in Research %@ 978-0-309-08970-8 %D 2003 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10777/making-the-nation-safe-from-fire-a-path-forward-in %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10777/making-the-nation-safe-from-fire-a-path-forward-in %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 58 %X The committee that prepared this report was charged with assessing the state of fire safety research and describing the potential role of the NSF in improving fire safety in the United States. This report highlights markers along a pathway to the future, discusses the nation's fire research needs and the resources that will be required, and suggests a role for NSF and other key agencies and institutions. The committee urges national leaders in government and industry to aggressively support fire research needs, filling voids in the body of knowledge, sharpening engineering tools, and creating a database that will allow performance-based approaches to maximize their contribution to public safety in the United States. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %T Technological Innovation: Comparing Development of Drugs, Devices, and Procedures in Medicine, Background Paper %D 1989 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9924/technological-innovation-comparing-development-of-drugs-devices-and-procedures-in %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9924/technological-innovation-comparing-development-of-drugs-devices-and-procedures-in %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %P 74 %0 Book %T Concerning Federally Sponsored Inducement Prizes in Engineering and Science %D 1999 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9724/concerning-federally-sponsored-inducement-prizes-in-engineering-and-science %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9724/concerning-federally-sponsored-inducement-prizes-in-engineering-and-science %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K %P 56 %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %T Technological Options for User-Authorized Handguns: A Technology-Readiness Assessment %@ 978-0-309-09699-7 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11394/technological-options-for-user-authorized-handguns-a-technology-readiness-assessment %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11394/technological-options-for-user-authorized-handguns-a-technology-readiness-assessment %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Conflict and Security Issues %P 80 %X Misuse of handguns is a significant factor in deaths, morbidity, and crime in the United States. One approach to reducing certain types of handgun misuse is to create a user-authorized handgun (UAHG), a firearm that can be operated only by an authorized user(s). Technological Options for User-Authorized Handguns clarifies the technical challenges of developing a reliable UAHG. This report determines the requirements and specifications of UAHGs for those concerned with public and/or personal safety, and identifies technologies that could satisfy these needs. %0 Book %A Institute of Medicine %E Goldman, Lynn %E Coussens, Christine %T Implications of Nanotechnology for Environmental Health Research %@ 978-0-309-09577-8 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11248/implications-of-nanotechnology-for-environmental-health-research %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11248/implications-of-nanotechnology-for-environmental-health-research %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %K Environment and Environmental Studies %P 70 %X Nanotechnology is often described as an emerging technology - one that not only holds promise for society, but also is capable of revolutionizing our approaches to common problems. Nanotechnology is not a completely new field; however, it is only recently that discoveries in this field have advanced so far as to warrant examination of their impact upon the world around us. Nanotechnology has direct beneficial applications for medicine and the environment, but like all technologies it may have unintended effects that can adversely impact the environment, both within the human body and within the natural ecosystem. How does the science move forward in a way that best protects the public and gets health and safety right the first time? Implications of Nanotechnology for Environmental Health Research identifies the areas in which additional research is needed and the processes by which changes can occur. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T Telecommunications Research and Engineering at the Institute for Telecommunication Sciences of the Department of Commerce: Meeting the Nation's Telecommunications Needs %@ 978-0-309-38843-6 %D 2015 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21867/telecommunications-research-and-engineering-at-the-institute-for-telecommunication-sciences-of-the-department-of-commerce %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/21867/telecommunications-research-and-engineering-at-the-institute-for-telecommunication-sciences-of-the-department-of-commerce %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 74 %X The Department of Commerce operates two telecommunications research laboratories located at the Department of Commerce's Boulder, Colorado, campus: the National Telecommunications and Information Administration's (NTIA's) Institute for Telecommunications Sciences (ITS) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST's) Communications Technology Laboratory (CTL). ITS serves as a principal federal resource for solving the telecommunications concerns of federal agencies, state and local governments, private corporations and associations, standards bodies, and international organizations. ITS could provide an essential service to the nation by being a principal provider of instrumentation and spectrum measurement services; however, the inter-related shortages of funding, staff, and a coherent strategy limits its ability to fully function as a research laboratory. This report examines the institute's performance, resources, and capabilities and the extent to which these meet customer needs. The Boulder telecommunications laboratories currently play an important role in the economic vitality of the country and can play an even greater role given the importance of access to spectrum and spectrum sharing to the wireless networking and mobile cellular industries. Research advances are needed to ensure the continued evolution and enhancement of the connected world the public has come to expect. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Cable, John H. %E Davis, Jocelyn S. %T Key Performance Indicators for Federal Facilities Portfolios: Federal Facilities Council Technical Report Number 147 %@ 978-0-309-09522-8 %D 2005 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11226/key-performance-indicators-for-federal-facilities-portfolios-federal-facilities-council %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11226/key-performance-indicators-for-federal-facilities-portfolios-federal-facilities-council %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 52 %X More than 30 federal departments and agencies with a wide range of missions and programs manage large inventories of facilities, also called portfolios. These portfolios range in size from a few hundred to more than a hundred thousand individual structures, buildings, and their supporting infrastructure. They are diverse in terms of facility types, mix of types, and geographic dispersal. For federal senior executives, facilities portfolio-related decisions revolve around the allocation of resources (staff, funding, time) for acquisition, renovation, operation, repair, and disposition of facilities. To make informed decisions, senior executives require information that will allow them to answer such questions as: What facilities do we have? What condition are they in? What facilities are needed to support the organization's missions? This study lays out a framework for developing and evaluating trends in facilities portfolio conditions, investments, and costs and identifies a set of key indicators that can be used to track performance over time. Some of the indicators are currently in use in some federal agencies; others will need to be developed. %0 Book %T Deferred Maintenance Reporting for Federal Facilities: Meeting the Requirements of Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board Standard Number 6, as Amended %@ 978-0-309-07407-0 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10095/deferred-maintenance-reporting-for-federal-facilities-meeting-the-requirements-of %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10095/deferred-maintenance-reporting-for-federal-facilities-meeting-the-requirements-of %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 66 %X In 1996 the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB) 1 enacted Standard Number 6, Accounting for Property, Plant, and Equipment (PP&E), the first government-wide initiative requiring federal agencies to report dollar amounts of deferred maintenance annually. The FASAB has identified four overall objectives in federal financial reporting: budgetary integrity, operating performance, stewardship, and systems and control. FASAB Standard Number 6, as amended, focuses on operating performance and stewardship. The FFC Standing Committee on Operations and Maintenance has prepared this report to identify potential issues that should be considered in any future amendments to the standard and to suggest approaches for resolving them. The committee's intent is to assist the CFO Council, federal agencies, the FASAB, and others as they consider how best to meet the objectives of federal financial reporting for facilities. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory: Fiscal Year 2009 %@ 978-0-309-14509-1 %D 2009 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12769/an-assessment-of-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology-chemical-science-and-technology-laboratory %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12769/an-assessment-of-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology-chemical-science-and-technology-laboratory %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 50 %X An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory examines the operations of the Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory (CSTL) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This book assesses the CSTL, based on the following criteria: (1) the technical merit of the current laboratory programs relative to current state-of-the-art programs worldwide; (2) the adequacy of the laboratory budget, facilities, equipment, and human resources, as they affect the quality of the laboratory's technical programs; and (3) the degree to which laboratory programs in measurement science and standards achieve their stated objectives and desired impact." %0 Book %A National Academy of Engineering %A National Academy of Engineering %T Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering: Papers from a Workshop %@ 978-0-309-09271-5 %D 2004 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11083/emerging-technologies-and-ethical-issues-in-engineering-papers-from-a %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11083/emerging-technologies-and-ethical-issues-in-engineering-papers-from-a %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 166 %X Engineers and ethicists participated in a workshop to discuss the responsible development of new technologies. Presenters examined four areas of engineering--sustainability, nanotechnology, neurotechnology, and energy--in terms of the ethical issues they present to engineers in particular and society as a whole. Approaches to ethical issues include: analyzing the factual, conceptual, application, and moral aspects of an issue; evaluating the risks and responsibilities of a particular course of action; and using theories of ethics or codes of ethics developed by engineering societies as a basis for decision making. Ethics can be built into the education of engineering students and professionals, either as an aspect of courses already being taught or as a component of engineering projects to be examined along with research findings. Engineering practice workshops can also be effective, particularly when they include discussions with experienced engineers. This volume includes papers on all of these topics by experts in many fields. The consensus among workshop participants is that material on ethics should be an ongoing part of engineering education and engineering practice. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T An Assessment of the Material Measurement Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Fiscal Year 2020 %@ 978-0-309-67624-3 %D 2021 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26048/an-assessment-of-the-material-measurement-laboratory-at-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26048/an-assessment-of-the-material-measurement-laboratory-at-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 96 %X The Material Measurement Laboratory (MML) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) comprises six technical divisions and two offices. The two offices manage programs related to NIST standard reference materials and NIST data products or standard reference data. The technical divisions engage in research and development of the measurement science, standards, technology, and data required to support the nation’s need to design, develop, manufacture, and use materials. These divisions interact extensively with both industry and public institutions to advance the economy and provide tools for the creation of knowledge. This report assesses the scientific and technical work performed by the NIST Material Measurement Laboratory and makes actionable recommendations to support MML in the achievement of its objectives. %0 Book %T Sustainable Federal Facilities: A Guide to Integrating Value Engineering, Life-Cycle Costing, and Sustainable Development %@ 978-0-309-07299-1 %D 2001 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10093/sustainable-federal-facilities-a-guide-to-integrating-value-engineering-life %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10093/sustainable-federal-facilities-a-guide-to-integrating-value-engineering-life %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 144 %X In the late 1990s, several of the sponsor agencies of the Federal Facilities Council began developing and implementing initiatives and policies related to sustainable development. Guidance related to life-cycle costing and value engineering was recognized as being supportive of sustainable development, in particular when used in the conceptual planning and design phases of acquisition, where decisions are made that substantially effect the ultimate performance of a building over its life cycle. However, specific concerns were raised that when federal agencies apply value engineering in the final stages of design or during construction in response to cost overruns, design features that support sustainable development may be eliminated. The primary objective of this study, therefore, was to develop a framework to show how federal agencies can use value engineering and life-cycle costing to support sustainable development for federal facilities and meet the objectives of Executive Order 13123. %0 Book %E Spillinger, Ralph S. %T Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Process: Best Practices for Reviewing Facility Designs %@ 978-0-309-06894-9 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9769/adding-value-to-the-facility-acquisition-process-best-practices-for %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9769/adding-value-to-the-facility-acquisition-process-best-practices-for %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 88 %X The federal government, like private corporations and other organizations, acquires buildings and other facilities to support specific functions and missions and the general conduct of its business. The federal government is, in fact, the nation's largest owner of buildings and spends more than $20 billion per year for facility design and construction. Adding Value to the Facility Acquisition Processidentifies a range of best practices and technologies that can be used by federal agencies and other owners to provide adequate management and oversight of design reviews throughout the facility acquisition process. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Underground Engineering for Sustainable Urban Development %@ 978-0-309-27824-9 %D 2013 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14670/underground-engineering-for-sustainable-urban-development %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/14670/underground-engineering-for-sustainable-urban-development %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 246 %X For thousands of years, the underground has provided humans refuge, useful resources, physical support for surface structures, and a place for spiritual or artistic expression. More recently, many urban services have been placed underground. Over this time, humans have rarely considered how underground space can contribute to or be engineered to maximize its contribution to the sustainability of society. As human activities begin to change the planet and population struggle to maintain satisfactory standards of living, placing new infrastructure and related facilities underground may be the most successful way to encourage or support the redirection of urban development into sustainable patterns. Well maintained, resilient, and adequately performing underground infrastructure, therefore, becomes an essential part of sustainability, but much remains to be learned about improving the sustainability of underground infrastructure itself. At the request of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Research Council (NRC) conducted a study to consider sustainable underground development in the urban environment, to identify research needed to maximize opportunities for using underground space, and to enhance understanding among the public and technical communities of the role of underground engineering in urban sustainability. Underground Engineering for Sustainable Urban Development explains the findings of researchers and practitioners with expertise in geotechnical engineering, underground design and construction, trenchless technologies, risk assessment, visualization techniques for geotechnical applications, sustainable infrastructure development, life cycle assessment, infrastructure policy and planning, and fire prevention, safety and ventilation in the underground. This report is intended to inform a future research track and will be of interest to a broad audience including those in the private and public sectors engaged in urban and facility planning and design, underground construction, and safety and security. %0 Book %A National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine %T An Assessment of the Material Measurement Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Fiscal Year 2023 %@ 978-0-309-71071-8 %D 2023 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27257/an-assessment-of-the-material-measurement-laboratory-at-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27257/an-assessment-of-the-material-measurement-laboratory-at-the-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 126 %X Since 1959, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has annually engaged the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to assemble panels of experts to assess the quality and effectiveness of the NIST measurements and standards laboratories as well as the adequacy of the laboratory resources. This report assesses the Material Measurement Laboratory (MML), with a focus on technical programs, quality of research, scientific and technical expertise, dissemination products and strategies, and how well budget, facilities, equipment, and human resources support technical programs and MML objectives. %0 Book %T Assessing the Need for Independent Project Reviews in the Department of Energy %D 1998 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9490/assessing-the-need-for-independent-project-reviews-in-the-department-of-energy %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9490/assessing-the-need-for-independent-project-reviews-in-the-department-of-energy %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 51 %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Linking the Construction Industry: Electronic Operation and Maintenance Manuals: Workshop Summary %@ 978-0-309-07131-4 %D 2000 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9904/linking-the-construction-industry-electronic-operation-and-maintenance-manuals-workshop %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9904/linking-the-construction-industry-electronic-operation-and-maintenance-manuals-workshop %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 66 %X Public agencies, private corporations, nonprofit institutions, and other organizations regularly invest millions of dollars in acquiring buildings and other constructed facilities to support their lines of business. For this investment, the owner receives a complex structure composed of hundreds of separate but interrelated components, including roofs, walls, foundations, electrical, plumbing, heating, air conditioning, ventilation, fire, communication, safety, and architectural systems. These components and systems must all be maintained and repaired to optimize the facility's performance throughout its service life and to provide a safe, healthy, and productive environment for its users and occupants. Linking the Construction Industry: Electronic Operation and Maintenance Manuals is a summary of a workshop that was held at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C., on October 13, 1999. The workshop, planned and organized by the Federal Facilities Council and the National Institute of Building Sciences, brought together an invited audience of building industry stakeholders, including owners and operators from federal agencies and other organizations, building component and system manufacturers, publishers of building product data and maintenance manuals, and CMMS software developers to revisit the issue of electronic operation and maintenance manuals. %0 Book %A National Academy of Sciences %A National Academy of Engineering %A Institute of Medicine %T Advanced Research Instrumentation and Facilities %@ 978-0-309-09701-7 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11520/advanced-research-instrumentation-and-facilities %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11520/advanced-research-instrumentation-and-facilities %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Engineering and Technology %P 204