TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - Institute of Medicine TI - New Pathways in Science and Technology: Collected Research Briefings, 1982-1984 DO - 10.17226/18470 PY - 1985 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/18470/new-pathways-in-science-and-technology-collected-research-briefings-1982 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine AU - National Research Council TI - Integrity in Scientific Research: Creating an Environment That Promotes Responsible Conduct SN - DO - 10.17226/10430 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10430/integrity-in-scientific-research-creating-an-environment-that-promotes-responsible PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Education AB - "Most people say that it is the intellect which makes a great scientist. They are wrong: it is character."—Albert Einstein Integrity in Scientific Research attempts to define and describe those elements that encourage individuals involved with scientific research to act with integrity. Recognizing the inconsistency of human behavior, it stresses the important role that research institutions play in providing an integrity—rich environment, citing the need for institutions to provide staff with training and education, policies and procedures, and tools and support systems. It identifies practices that characterize integrity in such areas as peer review and research on human subjects and weighs the strengths and limitations of self—evaluation efforts by these institutions. In addition, it details an approach to promoting integrity during the education of researchers, including how to develop an effective curriculum. Providing a framework for research and educational institutions, this important book will be essential for anyone concerned about ethics in the scientific community. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Academy of Sciences AU - National Academy of Engineering AU - Institute of Medicine TI - Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future SN - DO - 10.17226/11463 PY - 2007 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11463/rising-above-the-gathering-storm-energizing-and-employing-america-for PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Industry and Labor KW - Education KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - In a world where advanced knowledge is widespread and low-cost labor is readily available, U.S. advantages in the marketplace and in science and technology have begun to erode. A comprehensive and coordinated federal effort is urgently needed to bolster U.S. competitiveness and pre-eminence in these areas. This congressionally requested report by a pre-eminent committee makes four recommendations along with 20 implementation actions that federal policy-makers should take to create high-quality jobs and focus new science and technology efforts on meeting the nation's needs, especially in the area of clean, affordable energy: 1) Increase America's talent pool by vastly improving K-12 mathematics and science education; 2) Sustain and strengthen the nation's commitment to long-term basic research; 3) Develop, recruit, and retain top students, scientists, and engineers from both the U.S. and abroad; and 4) Ensure that the United States is the premier place in the world for innovation. Some actions will involve changing existing laws, while others will require financial support that would come from reallocating existing budgets or increasing them. Rising Above the Gathering Storm will be of great interest to federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, public decision makers, research sponsors, regulatory analysts, and scholars. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Preparing for the Revolution: Information Technology and the Future of the Research University SN - DO - 10.17226/10545 PY - 2002 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/10545/preparing-for-the-revolution-information-technology-and-the-future-of PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Computers and Information Technology KW - Education KW - Policy for Science and Technology AB - The rapid evolution of information technology (IT) is transforming our society and its institutions. For the most knowledge-intensive entities of all, research universities, profound IT-related challenges and opportunities will emerge in the next decade or so. Yet, there is a sense that some of the most significant issues are not well understood by academic administrators, faculty, and those who support or depend on the institution's activities. This study identifies those information technologies likely to evolve in the near term (a decade or less) that could ultimately have a major impact on the research university. It also examines the possible implications of these technologies for the research university—its activities (learning, research, outreach) and its organization, management, and financing—and for the broader higher education enterprise. The authoring committee urges research universities and their constituents to develop new strategies to ensure that they survive and thrive in the digital age. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Margaret Hilton TI - Protecting Student Records and Facilitating Education Research: A Workshop Summary SN - DO - 10.17226/12514 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12514/protecting-student-records-and-facilitating-education-research-a-workshop-summary PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Computers and Information Technology KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences KW - Surveys and Statistics AB - Designed to protect the privacy of individual student test scores, grades, and other education records, the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 places limits the access of educational researches, and slows research not only in education but also in related fields, such as child welfare and health. Recent trends have converged to greatly increase the supply of data on student performance in public schools. Education policies now emphasize education standards and testing to measure progress toward those standards, as well as rigorous education research. At the same time, private firms and public agencies, including schools, have replaced most paper records with electronic data systems. Although these databases represent a rich source of longitudinal data, researchers' access to the individually identifiable data they contain is limited by the privacy protections of FERPA. To explore possibilities for data access and confidentiality in compliance with FERPA and with the Common Rule for the Protection of Human Subjects, the National Academies and the American Educational Research Association convened the Workshop on Protecting Student Records and Facilitating Education Research in April 2008. ER -