TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Diane Allensworth A2 - Elaine Lawson A2 - Lois Nicholson A2 - James Wyche TI - Schools and Health: Our Nation's Investment SN - DO - 10.17226/5153 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5153/schools-and-health-our-nations-investment PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Education KW - Health and Medicine AB - Schools and Health is a readable and well-organized book on comprehensive school health programs (CSHPs) for children in grades K-12. The book explores the needs of today's students and how those needs can be met through CSHP design and development. The committee provides broad recommendations for CSHPs, with suggestions and guidelines for national, state, and local actions. The volume examines how communities can become involved, explores models for CSHPs, and identifies elements of successful programs. Topics include: The history of and precedents for health programs in schools. The state of the art in physical education, health education, health services, mental health and pupil services, and nutrition and food services. Policies, finances, and other elements of CSHP infrastructure. Research and evaluation challenges. Schools and Health will be important to policymakers in health and education, school administrators, school physicians and nurses, health educators, social scientists, child advocates, teachers, and parents. ER - TY - BOOK TI - Preparing for the 21st Century: Challenges Facing a Changing Society DO - 10.17226/9534 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/9534/preparing-for-the-21st-century-challenges-facing-a-changing-society PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Jane S. Durch A2 - Linda A. Bailey A2 - Michael A. Stoto TI - Improving Health in the Community: A Role for Performance Monitoring SN - DO - 10.17226/5298 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5298/improving-health-in-the-community-a-role-for-performance-monitoring PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - How do communities protect and improve the health of their populations? Health care is part of the answer but so are environmental protections, social and educational services, adequate nutrition, and a host of other activities. With concern over funding constraints, making sure such activities are efficient and effective is becoming a high priority. Improving Health in the Community explains how population-based performance monitoring programs can help communities point their efforts in the right direction. Within a broad definition of community health, the committee addresses factors surrounding the implementation of performance monitoring and explores the "why" and "how to" of establishing mechanisms to monitor the performance of those who can influence community health. The book offers a policy framework, applies a multidimensional model of the determinants of health, and provides sets of prototype performance indicators for specific health issues. Improving Health in the Community presents an attainable vision of a process that can achieve community-wide health benefits. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Edward N. Brandt, Jr. A2 - Andrew M. Pope TI - Enabling America: Assessing the Role of Rehabilitation Science and Engineering SN - DO - 10.17226/5799 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5799/enabling-america-assessing-the-role-of-rehabilitation-science-and-engineering PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - The most recent high-profile advocate for Americans with disabilities, actor Christopher Reeve, has highlighted for the public the economic and social costs of disability and the importance of rehabilitation. Enabling America is a major analysis of the field of rehabilitation science and engineering. The book explains how to achieve recognition for this evolving field of study, how to set priorities, and how to improve the organization and administration of the numerous federal research programs in this area. The committee introduces the "enabling-disability process" model, which enhances the concepts of disability and rehabilitation, and reviews what is known and what research priorities are emerging in the areas of: Pathology and impairment, including differences between children and adults. Functional limitations—in a person's ability to eat or walk, for example. Disability as the interaction between a person's pathologies, impairments, and functional limitations and the surrounding physical and social environments. This landmark volume will be of special interest to anyone involved in rehabilitation science and engineering: federal policymakers, rehabilitation practitioners and administrators, researchers, and advocates for persons with disabilities. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine TI - America's Vital Interest in Global Health: Protecting Our People, Enhancing Our Economy, and Advancing Our International Interests SN - DO - 10.17226/5717 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5717/americas-vital-interest-in-global-health-protecting-our-people-enhancing PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - As populations throughout the world live longer, there is an increasing trend toward global commonality of health concerns. This trend mirrors a growing demand for health and access to new interventions to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease. The knowledge base required to meet these needs is not only of a technical kind, deriving from experiments of researchers, but must also draw from the experiences of governments in allocating resources effectively and efficiently to improve human health. This report from the Board on International Health of the Institute of Medicine focuses on the interest of the United States in these global health transitions. The report argues that America has a vital and direct stake in the health of people around the globe, and that this interest derives from both America's long and enduring tradition of humanitarian concern and compelling reasons of enlightened self-interest. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Amy O. Tsui A2 - Judith N. Wasserheit A2 - John G. Haaga TI - Reproductive Health in Developing Countries: Expanding Dimensions, Building Solutions SN - DO - 10.17226/5500 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5500/reproductive-health-in-developing-countries-expanding-dimensions-building-solutions PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - Sexually transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancies, infertility, and other reproductive problems are a growing concern around the world, especially in developing countries. Reproductive Health in Developing Countries describes the magnitude of these problems and what is known about the effectiveness of interventions in the following areas: Infection-free sex. Immediate priorities for combating sexually transmitted and reproductive tract diseases are identified. Intended pregnancies and births. The panel reports on the state of family planning and ways to provide services. Healthy pregnancy and delivery. The book explores the myths and substantive socio-economic problems that underlie maternal deaths. Healthy sexuality. Such issues as sexual violence and the practice of female genital mutilation are discussed in terms of the cultural contexts in which they occur. Addressing the design and delivery of reproductive health services, this volume presents lessons learned from past programs and offers principles for deciding how to spend limited available funds. Reproductive Health in Developing Countries will be of special interest to policymakers, health care professionals, and researchers working on reproductive issues in the developing world. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council A2 - Jose Luis Bobadilla A2 - Christine A. Costello A2 - Faith Mitchell TI - Premature Death in the New Independent States SN - DO - 10.17226/5530 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5530/premature-death-in-the-new-independent-states PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Behavioral and Social Sciences AB - In recent years there have been alarming reports of rapid decreases in life expectancy in the New Independent States (former members of the Soviet Union). To help assess priorities for health policy, the Committee on Population organized two workshops—the first on adult mortality and disability, the second on adult health priorities and policies. Participants included demographers, epidemiologists, public health specialists, economists, and policymakers from the NIS countries, the United States, and Western Europe. This volume consists of selected papers presented at the workshops. They assess the reliability of data on mortality, morbidity, and disability; analyze regional patterns and trends in mortality rates and causes of death; review evidence about major determinants of adult mortality; and discuss implications for health policy. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Institute of Medicine A2 - Thomas R. Eng A2 - William T. Butler TI - The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases SN - DO - 10.17226/5284 PY - 1997 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/5284/the-hidden-epidemic-confronting-sexually-transmitted-diseases PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - The United States has the dubious distinction of leading the industrialized world in overall rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with 12 million new cases annually. About 3 million teenagers contract an STD each year, and many will have long-term health problems as a result. Women and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to these diseases and their health consequences. In addition, STDs increase the risk of HIV transmission. The Hidden Epidemic examines the scope of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provides a critical assessment of the nation's response to this public health crisis. The book identifies the components of an effective national STD prevention and control strategy and provides direction for an appropriate response to the epidemic. Recommendations for improving public awareness and education, reaching women and adolescents, integrating public health programs, training health care professionals, modifying messages from the mass media, and supporting future research are included. The book documents the epidemiological dimensions and the economic and social costs of STDs, describing them as "a secret epidemic" with tremendous consequences. The committee frankly discusses the confusing and often hypocritical nature of how Americans deal with issues regarding sexuality—the conflicting messages conveyed in the mass media, the reluctance to promote condom use, the controversy over sex education for teenagers, and the issue of personal blame. The Hidden Epidemic identifies key elements of effective, culturally appropriate programs to promote healthy behavior by adolescents and adults. It examines the problem of fragmentation in STD services and provides examples of communities that have formed partnerships between stakeholders to develop integrated approaches. The committee's recommendations provide a practical foundation on which to build an integrated national program to help young people and adults develop habits of healthy sexuality. The Hidden Epidemic was written for both health care professionals and people without a medical background and will be indispensable to anyone concerned about preventing and controlling STDs. ER -