%0 Book %A National Academy of Sciences %T Biographical Memoirs: Volume 88 %@ 978-0-309-10389-3 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11807/biographical-memoirs-volume-88 %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11807/biographical-memoirs-volume-88 %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biography and Autobiography %P 396 %X Biographic Memoirs Volume 88 contains the biographies of deceased members of the National Academy of Sciences and bibliographies of their published works. Each biographical essay was written by a member of the Academy familiar with the professional career of the deceased. For historical and bibliographical purposes, these volumes are worth returning to time and again. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Learning to Think Spatially %@ 978-0-309-09208-1 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11019/learning-to-think-spatially %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11019/learning-to-think-spatially %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Education %P 332 %X Learning to Think Spatially examines how spatial thinking might be incorporated into existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum. Spatial thinking must be recognized as a fundamental part of K–12 education and as an integrator and a facilitator for problem solving across the curriculum. With advances in computing technologies and the increasing availability of geospatial data, spatial thinking will play a significant role in the information-based economy of the twenty-first century. Using appropriately designed support systems tailored to the K–12 context, spatial thinking can be taught formally to all students. A geographic information system (GIS) offers one example of a high-technology support system that can enable students and teachers to practice and apply spatial thinking in many areas of the curriculum. %0 Book %A National Research Council %T Lost Crops of Africa: Volume II: Vegetables %@ 978-0-309-10333-6 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11763/lost-crops-of-africa-volume-ii-vegetables %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11763/lost-crops-of-africa-volume-ii-vegetables %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Agriculture %K Biology and Life Sciences %P 378 %X This report is the second in a series of three evaluating underexploited African plant resources that could help broaden and secure Africa's food supply. The volume describes the characteristics of 18 little-known indigenous African vegetables (including tubers and legumes) that have potential as food- and cash-crops but are typically overlooked by scientists and policymakers and in the world at large. The book assesses the potential of each vegetable to help overcome malnutrition, boost food security, foster rural development, and create sustainable landcare in Africa. Each species is described in a separate chapter, based on information gathered from and verified by a pool of experts throughout the world. Volume I describes African grains and Volume III African fruits. %0 Book %T International Human Rights Network of Academies and Scholarly Societies: Proceedings - Symposium and Seventh Biennial Meeting, London, May 18-20, 2005 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11740/international-human-rights-network-of-academies-and-scholarly-societies-proceedings %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11740/international-human-rights-network-of-academies-and-scholarly-societies-proceedings %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Behavioral and Social Sciences %P 176 %X This report is the proceedings of the seventh biennial meeting of the International Human Rights Network of Academies and Scholarly Societies. (The international Network, created in 1993, consists of 70 national academies and scholarly societies around the world that work to address serious science and human rights issues of mutual concern. The Committee on Human Rights of the U.S. National Academies serves as the Network's secretariat.) The meeting was held on May 18 and 20, 2005, at the Royal Society in London. The main events of the meeting were a semipublic symposium, entitled Scientists, Human Rights, and Prospects for the Future, and a workshop on a variety of topics related to science, engineering, and health in the human rights context. %0 Book %A National Research Council %E Merrill, Stephen A. %E Mazza, Anne-Marie %T Reaping the Benefits of Genomic and Proteomic Research: Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation, and Public Health %@ 978-0-309-10067-0 %D 2006 %U https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11487/reaping-the-benefits-of-genomic-and-proteomic-research-intellectual-property %> https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/11487/reaping-the-benefits-of-genomic-and-proteomic-research-intellectual-property %I The National Academies Press %C Washington, DC %G English %K Biology and Life Sciences %K Policy for Science and Technology %P 188 %X The patenting and licensing of human genetic material and proteins represents an extension of intellectual property (IP) rights to naturally occurring biological material and scientific information, much of it well upstream of drugs and other disease therapies. This report concludes that IP restrictions rarely impose significant burdens on biomedical research, but there are reasons to be apprehensive about their future impact on scientific advances in this area. The report recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the increasingly complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. It endorses the National Institutes of Health guidelines for technology licensing, data sharing, and research material exchanges and says that oversight of compliance should be strengthened. It recommends enactment of a statutory exception from infringement liability for research on a patented invention and raising the bar somewhat to qualify for a patent on upstream research discoveries in biotechnology. With respect to genetic diagnostic tests to detect patient mutations associated with certain diseases, the report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.