TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Toward a Sustainable and Secure Water Future: A Leadership Role for the U.S. Geological Survey SN - DO - 10.17226/12672 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12672/toward-a-sustainable-and-secure-water-future-a-leadership-role PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Earth Sciences AB - Water is our most fundamental natural resource, a resource that is limited. Challenges to our nation's water resources continue to grow, driven by population growth, ecological needs, climate change, and other pressures. The nation needs more and improved water science and information to meet these challenges. Toward a Sustainable and Secure Water Future reviews the United States Geological Survey's (USGS) Water Resource Discipline (WRD), one of the nation's foremost water science organizations. This book provides constructive advice to help the WRD meet the nation's water needs over the coming decades. Of interest primarily to the leadership of the USGS WRD, many findings and recommendations also target the USGS leadership and the Department of Interior (DOI), because their support is necessary for the WRD to respond to the water needs of the nation. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Sixteenth Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels DO - 10.17226/12761 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12761/sixteenth-interim-report-of-the-committee-on-acute-exposure-guideline-levels PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, and other accidents, or intentionally through terrorist activities. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where EHSs are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental or intentional releases. To help understand the risk involved with EHSs, the National Advisory Committee (NAC) on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances developed Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for approximately 200 EHSs. The present volume is the sixteenth interim report evaluating the AEGLs. It summarizes conclusions and recommendations for improving NAC's AEGL documents for 26 chemicals. The report also summarizes the committee's conclusions and recommendations for improving the Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances published in 2001. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Review of the Federal Strategy for Nanotechnology-Related Environmental, Health, and Safety Research SN - DO - 10.17226/12559 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12559/review-of-the-federal-strategy-for-nanotechnology-related-environmental-health-and-safety-research PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Engineering and Technology KW - Health and Medicine KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - This new book from the National Research Council finds serious weaknesses in the government's plan for research on the potential health and environmental risks posed by nanomaterials, which are increasingly being used in consumer goods and industry. An effective national plan for identifying and managing potential risks is essential to the successful development and public acceptance of nanotechnology-enabled products. The book recommends a robust national strategic plan for addressing nanotechnology-related EHS risks, which will need to focus on promoting research that can assist all stakeholders, including federal agencies, in planning, controlling, and optimizing the use of engineered nanomaterials while minimizing EHS effects of concern to society. Such a plan will ensure the timely development of engineered nanoscale materials that will bring about great improvements in the nation's health, its environmental quality, its economy, and its security. ER - TY - BOOK AU - Transportation Research Board AU - National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine TI - Monitoring Scour Critical Bridges DO - 10.17226/22979 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/22979/monitoring-scour-critical-bridges PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Transportation and Infrastructure AB - TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 396: Monitoring Scour Critical Bridges explores the current state of practice for fixed scour bridge monitoring. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Emergency and Continuous Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Submarine Contaminants: Volume 3 SN - DO - 10.17226/12741 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12741/emergency-and-continuous-exposure-guidance-levels-for-selected-submarine-contaminants PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies KW - Health and Medicine AB - U.S. Navy personnel who work on submarines are in an enclosed and isolated environment for days or weeks at a time when at sea. Unlike a typical work environment, they are potentially exposed to air contaminants 24 hours a day. To protect workers from potential adverse health effects due to those conditions, the U.S. Navy has established exposure guidance levels for a number of contaminants. The Navy asked a subcommittee of the National Research Council (NRC) to review, and develop when necessary, exposure guidance levels for specific contaminants. This volume, the third in a series, recommends 1-hour and 24-hour emergency exposure guidance levels (EEGLs) and 90-day continuous exposure guidance levels (CEGLs) for acetaldehyde, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sulfide, and propylene glycol dinitrate. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 7 SN - DO - 10.17226/12503 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12503/acute-exposure-guideline-levels-for-selected-airborne-chemicals-volume-7 PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - This book is the seventh volume in the series Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, and includes AEGLs for acetone cyanohydrin, carbon disulfide, monochloroacetic acid, and phenol. At the request of the Department of Defense, the National Research Council has reviewed the relevant scientific literature compiled by an expert panel and established Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for 12 new chemicals. AEGLs represent exposure levels below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur and are useful in responding to emergencies such as accidental or intentional chemical releases in the community, the workplace, transportation, the military, and for the remediation of contaminated sites. Three AEGLs are approved for each chemical, representing exposure levels that result in: 1) notable but reversible discomfort; 2) long-lasting health effects; and 3) life-threatening health impacts. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Contaminated Water Supplies at Camp Lejeune: Assessing Potential Health Effects SN - DO - 10.17226/12618 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12618/contaminated-water-supplies-at-camp-lejeune-assessing-potential-health-effects PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Health and Medicine AB - In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base. ER - TY - BOOK AU - National Research Council TI - Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment SN - DO - 10.17226/12209 PY - 2009 UR - https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12209/science-and-decisions-advancing-risk-assessment PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC LA - English KW - Policy for Science and Technology KW - Health and Medicine KW - Environment and Environmental Studies AB - Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields. ER -