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From page 369... ... 370 Chapter 11 Selection of Durable Closure Pour Materials for Accelerated Bridge Construction 11.0 Introduction For precast bridge deck systems with cast-in-place (CIP) connections, precast elements are brought to the construction site ready to be set in place and quickly joined together. Read the entire page →
From page 370... ... 371 non-shrink grout for use in shear keyways. The MAP grout outperformed the non-shrink grout in all areas tested, including direct vertical shear, direct tension, longitudinal shear, bond, shrinkage, etc. Read the entire page →
From page 371... ... 372 11.1. Preliminary Performance Criteria Performance characteristics, compressive strength, shrinkage, chloride penetration, freezing-and-thawing durability and bond strength, were investigated as performance criteria. Read the entire page →
From page 372... ... 373 Table 11.1.1: Proposed performance characteristic grades by Russell and Ozyildirim (2006) Performance characteristic* Read the entire page →
From page 373... ... 374 There exist some practical difficulties in implementing the above performance criteria. For example, MAP grouts like EUCO-SPEED MP and Set® 45 HW should be air cured for 8 hours, as overnight cure materials, while HPC should be cured for 7 days, as 7-day cure materials, by both the membrane-forming compound method and the water method with burlap. Read the entire page →
From page 374... ... 375 elasticity after 300 cycles was required to be greater than 70, 80, and 90%, for Grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively, as shown in Table 11.1.1. Based on these performance criteria, a preliminary selection was made to narrow down the choices of CP materials in the study from the candidate materials to two different materials in each of the two joint material classifications (i.e., overnight and 7-day cure) Read the entire page →
From page 375... ... 376 Table 11.2.1: Candidate overnight cure materials including mix proportions Product Name Mixing Quantities per 50-lb, Bag Initial Water, pints Additional Water, pints Aggregate Extension, % by weight Aggregate Extension, lb Yield Volume, cu. Read the entire page →
From page 377... ... 378 Figure 11.2.2: Truncated flow cone spread values per ASTM C 1437 for neat gouts and extended gouts Table 11.2.2 Candidate grout workability observations for neat gouts and extended grouts Grout Work Time, min. Initial Set Time, min. Read the entire page →
From page 378... ... 379 extension ratio would be more suitable for use in a precast deck panel system. Comparing the compressive strength and flow and workability performance of both neat and extended grouts, EUCO-SPEED MP and Set® 45 HW were selected for further evaluation. Read the entire page →
From page 379... ... 380 Table 11.2.3: Candidate HPC mixes and mix proportions MIX NUMBER MIX 1 MIX 2 MIX 3 MIX 4 MIX 5 W/CM Ratio 0.31 0.35 0.31 0.32 0.35 Cement Type I I II I / II (Lafarge Sugar Creek SF) I / II (Lafarge Sugar Creek SF) Read the entire page →
From page 380... ... 381 Table 11.2.4: 7-day cure mixes and mixture proportions, lb/yd Mixture 3 Emaco® T430 mix with latex LMC-VE RSLP Mix 1 RSLP Mix 2 Cement/Mortar Type Emaco® T430 CTS Rapid Set® cement CTS RSLP CTS RSLP Cement/Mortar Quantity 2530 658 665 658 Fine Aggregate -- - 1600 1200 1695 Coarse Aggregate* Quantity 1380 1168 1800 1454 Latex 30 205 -- - -- - Water 170 137 280 263 * Read the entire page →
From page 381... ... 382 Table 11.2.5: Compressive strengths (psi) per ASTM C 39 Modified HPC Mix 1 HPC Mix 4 HPC Mix 5 Emaco T430 mix LMC-VE RSLP Mix 1 RSLP Mix 2 7-day Compressive Strength 6494 4112 5058 1470 4404 3820 10564 28-day Compressive Strength 8895 5269 7309 2307 4389 4232 11262 11.3. Read the entire page →
From page 382... ... 383 acting along the bonded interface. Results for the slant cylinder tests are presented in Table 11.3.1. Read the entire page →
From page 383... ... 384 Table 11.3.1 Slant cylinder bond strength and failure mode Material Type Specimen Number Test Age Shear Stress (psi) Average Shear Stress (psi) Read the entire page →
From page 384... ... 385 material, 1 in. high closed-cell polystyrene foams were bonded to the specimens with silicone sealant, and then the specimen were subjected to continuous ponding with a 3% sodium chloride solution to a depth of approximate 0.8 in for 90 days, as shown in Figure 11.3.3-a. Read the entire page →
From page 385... ... 386 taken directly using the ISE. Consequently, the chloride ISE was used rather than the titration test. Read the entire page →
From page 386... ... 387 Table 11.3.2: Depths (in.) for 0.2% chloride content (by mass of cement) Read the entire page →
From page 388... ... 389 Figure 11.3.7: AASHTO PP34 test setup Figure 11.3.8: Steel ring strain versus specimen age for HPC Mix 1 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 0 5 10 15 20 25 Age (days) Read the entire page →
From page 389... ... 390 11.4. Proposed Performance Criteria and Conclusions For accelerated bridge construction, both transverse and longitudinal joints in decks may be required. Read the entire page →
From page 390... ... 391 Table 11.4.2: Application of CP material grades for freezing-and-thawing durability Freezingandthawing Durability (F/T) Is the concrete exposed to freezing-andthawing environments? Read the entire page →

From page 369...

... 370 Chapter 11 Selection of Durable Closure Pour Materials for Accelerated Bridge Construction 11.0 Introduction For precast bridge deck systems with cast-in-place (CIP) connections, precast elements are brought to the construction site ready to be set in place and quickly joined together.