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Appendix Final Project Presentation 1
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Midwest Research Institute Solutions through science and technology A Guide to Traffic Control of Rural Roads in an Agricultural Emergency 2 Midwest Research Institute, headquartered in Kansas City, MO, has conducted research to aid local agencies in the event of an agricultural emergency including a terrorist attack on our food supply. Specifically, this guide covers traffic control if stop movement or quarantine operations are necessary due to the deliberate or accidental introduction of foreign plant or animal diseases into the U
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Recent Agricultural Emergencies • California -- Exotic New Castle Disease (END) • Britain -- Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)
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"…. A biological attack against an agricultural target offers terrorists a virtually risk-free form of assault…" -Gilmore Commission report to Congress 1999 "For the life of me, I cannot understand why the terrorists have not attacked our food supply because it is so easy to do." -Tommy Thompson, Secretary of Health and Human Services, 2004 4 As you can see from these quotes, the possibility of an attack on our food supply was being discussed even before 9\11 and members of the cabinet still see it as a distinct possibility.
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It Happened Here 5 We were all shocked when the World Trade Center and Pentagon were attacked on 9/11/01.
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6 Is it possible that terrorists would attack our food supply system? But Could It Happen Here
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7 If an enemy can attack our means of providing food to those living in the United States, they will cause tremendous disruption to our economy and could destroy confidence in American agricultural products for years to come. What is Agroterrorism?
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Britain has recently suffered another outbreak of foot and mouth disease that was kept to a much smaller area thanks to swift quarantines. Outcomes • It has been estimated that it will cost $1,000,000.00 for each hour that foot and mouth disease goes undetected in the United States • Social unrest if eradication and quarantines are long term operations • Significant mental health impact for agriculture producers 8
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9 An outbreak of a disease can cost a tremendous amount whether it is introduced intentionally or naturally. The food industry is aware of the need for serious measures to control the spread of the infection.
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10 For some areas and diseases, a 6-mile quarantine may be necessary to stop the spread of an infection. Possible Scenario • Assume a Quarantine that covers the area within 6 miles of the site of infection
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11 In many circumstances, the minimum area that would be affected would be a 6-mile radius circle from the point of infection. How many check points would that mean for your county?
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In this hypothetical scenario… • 21 locations where a road crosses the quarantine boundary • 15 of those become no access road closures • 4 locations become traffic checkpoints where vehicles may be inspected and/or detoured • 2 locations become traffic check points with cleaning and disinfection for handling vehicles leaving agricultural areas • Duration -- 1 to 6 months or more 12 The traffic control required for such a scenario, even in a rural area, can be extensive, as described in this scenario.
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The Guide MRI has contracted with the National Cooperative Highway Research Program to develop a guide for emergency traffic control in rural areas. This guide includes input from many state and local animal health and agriculture experts, as well as traffic engineers, law enforcement officials, veterinarians and public health experts.
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Purpose of Guide • To assist highway agencies, law enforcement, and emergency management officials in rural areas respond to disease outbreaks that require quarantine and isolation controls 14 The responsibility for traffic control is usually left to local law enforcement agencies. In quarantine operations that may last two months or longer; local law enforcement will need assistance from a number of other local and state agencies.
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15 Hopefully the first four bullets are things you've already covered when developing any other emergency response plan. These are the kinds of things that are discussed in NIMS and ICS training, which many of you may have already had.
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16 These stages refer to traffic control and are somewhat different than the four stages mentioned in NIMS which are prevention, preparedness, response and recovery. Of course, the best case scenario is that your prevention is so good that an incident never occurs.
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Parties Responsible for Initial Traffic Control • Local law enforcement • Local and state highway agencies • ? 17 Traffic control for other incidents is usually handled by law enforcement -- when a signal goes out, when cars have to be directed around a crash scene or debris in the roadway, when a high traffic event clogs intersections (after a football game at the high school, etc.)
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Levels of Traffic Control 1. Traffic Stop/Check Point with Disinfection Station 2.
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19 These signs are taken from the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (FHWA)
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20 which will take considerable time and disinfectant. Sites with cleaning and disinfection facilities will be the most difficult to locate and maintain.
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21 Early control for traffic check points may be signs and a law enforcement vehicle.
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22 However, long-term controls at traffic check points will add additional personnel and provision for diversion points that can be used to turn around or detain vehicles.
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23 For road closures, the road is simply barricaded and no access is permitted. This plan shows minimal traffic controls used for early stages of the response.
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24 Traversable barricades with road closed signs indicate that no access is allowed. Road Closure
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25 Similar to previous barricade with fencing. Road Closure
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26 As time permits, additional signs and controls can be added to the road closures and detours can be signed to take traffic around the quarantine area or direct them to traffic check points where they can enter the quarantine area under permit.
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27 All of these agencies and others could provide equipment or expertise in traffic control during an agricultural emergency. Take some time to think about who in your area has vehicles with flashers, barricades, hay bales, signs, sign installation equipment, fencing, gates, etc.
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28 If a foreign animal or plant disease is confirmed in your county, chances are high that neighboring counties will also soon be responding to their own cases. Consider forming aid agreements with agencies in counties farther away.
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29 You should have your own ICS already defined, and it may or may not look like the example shown here. Whatever yours is, make sure that you can define which section, branch and group will be responsible for traffic control.
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30 This is just an example structure and may be changed to fit the circumstances of the emergency. Operations Section Diverted Livestock Group Receiving Livestock Group Cleaning and Disinfection Group Euthanasia and Disposal Group Detour Planning Group Traffic Monitoring Group Traffic Control Device Group Pavement Management Group Traffic Checkpoint Group Vehicle Inspection Group Traffic surveillance Group Operations Section Quarantine Enforcement Branch Traffic Control Branch Disease Control Branch Movement Control Group
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31 Perhaps more than in many other types of emergencies, an agriculture emergency requires the coordination of many different agencies and disciplines, including animal health, public health, agriculture, law enforcement, producers, public works, media and others. Clear and concise communications along predetermined chains of command are essential.
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32 Biosecurity is no joke, responders must know what type of personal protective equipment is required. Biosecurity
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33 While the guide is not prescriptive in nature, it should be beneficial in planning for and reacting to an agricultural emergency. Conclusion • Importance of planning ahead – Identify manpower needs – Identify equipment needs – Identify alternative transportation routes • Need for flexibility – Requirements will change depending on the pathogen – Quarantine and investigation must effectively coexist
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34 Workshops were held to evaluate the manual; this agenda can also be used to introduce the manual to rural agencies. Agenda • Introduction of presenters and participants • Introduction to agricultural emergencies • Break • Introduce planning exercise • Lunch • Break into teams to complete planning exercise • Break • Large group discussion of the plans developed in the exercise • Conclusions, feedback, etc.
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