INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20418
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
Support for this project was provided by The Breast Cancer Research Foundation, the Carl J. Herzog Foundation, Mr. John K. Castle, the Jewish Healthcare Foundation (Pittsburgh), the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation, the Kansas Health Foundation, and the New York Community Trust. The views presented in this Workshop Summary are those of the workshop speakers, and are not necessarily those of the Institute of Medicine Committee on the Early Detection of Breast Cancer or of the sponsors.
Additional copies of this Workshop Summary are available in limited quantities from the National Cancer Policy Board, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20418; call (202) 334-1382. The full text of this summary is available on line at www.nap.edu.
For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the IOM home page at
Copyright 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
IOM COMMITTEE ON THE EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER
JOYCE C. LASHOF, M.D., FACP, CHAIR Professor Emerita,
School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley
CRAIG HENDERSON, M.D., VICE CHAIR Adjunct Professor of Medicine
University of California at San Francisco
D. CRAIG ALLRED, M.D. Professor of Pathology
Baylor College of Medicine
DEREK VAN AMERONGEN, M.D., FACOG Chief Medical Officer, Humana/Choice Care Cincinnati, OH
WADE M. AUBRY, M.D. Vice President, The Lewin Group Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine
University of California at San Francisco
JANET K. BAUM, M.D., FACR Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School Director,
Breast Imaging
Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Boston
SUZANNE W. FLETCHER, M.D. Professor,
Harvard School of Medicine & School of Public Health
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston
MARTHE R. GOLD, M.D., M.P.H. Chair,
Department of Community
Health and Social Medicine
City University of New York Medical School
LEON GORDIS, M.D., D.P.H. Professor of Epidemiology
Johns Hopkins School of Public Health & Hygiene
DANIEL F. HAYES, M.D. Clinical Director,
Breast Cancer Program
Lombardi Cancer Center
Georgetown University Medical Center
CAROLINA HINESTROSA, M.A. Cofounder and Executive Director, Nueva Vida Silver Spring, MD
JEAN J. LATIMER, Ph.D. Investigator,
Magee-Womens Research Institute Assistant Professor,
University of Pittsburgh
RICHARD R. NELSON, Ph.D. George Blumenthal Professor of International and Public Affairs
School of Law, Columbia University
KENNETH OFFIT, M.D., M.P.H. Chief,
Clinical Genetics Service
Department of Human Genetics
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York City
FAINA SHTERN, M.D. Director,
Office of Research Affairs
Department of Radiology
Beth Israel-Deaconess Medical Center
Harvard Medical School
MICHAEL W. VANNIER, M.D. Professor and Head,
Department of Radiology University of Iowa College of Medicine
Liaison for the National Cancer Policy Board
ROBERT DAY, M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D. Emeritus President and Director
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Staff
SHARYL J. NASS, Ph.D., Study Director
ROGER HERDMAN, M.D., Director,
National Cancer Policy Board
CARMIE CHAN, Research Assistant
BIANCA L. TAYLOR, Project Assistant
NICCI DOWD, Administrative Assistant
KEVIN COLLINS, Intern