NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
This workshop was conducted under a contract with the U.S. Air Force. The workshop participants did not develop consensus conclusions or recommendations. Therefore, this summary only highlights the key points made by invited speakers and the issues raised in the discussions, opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of individual workshop participants and author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
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Printed in the United States of America.
Workshop on Polymer Materials Research
Workshop Participants
WADE ADAMS,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
FRED E. ARNOLD,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
JEFF BAUER,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
KEVEN D. BELFIELD,
University of Central Florida, Orlando
JEFFREY C. BOTTARO,
SRI International, Menlo Park, California
CHARLES E. BROWNING,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
TIMOTHY J. BUNNING,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
SHAW H. CHEN,
University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
THOMAS M. COOPER,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
ROBERT CRANE,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
DAVID CURLIS,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
LARRY R. DALTON,
University of Washington, Seattle
DOUGLAS S. DUDIS,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
ARTHUR J. EPSTEIN,
Ohio State University, Columbus
SUSAN ERMER,
Lockheed Martin, Palo Alto, California
ROBERT C. EVERS,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
BARRY L. FARMER,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
MARY GALVIN,
University of Delaware, Newark
JOHN GASSNER,
Foster-Miller, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
FRANK W. HARRIS,
University of Akron, Akron, Ohio
ALEX M. JAMIESON,
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
SAMSON A. JENEKHE,
University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
FRANK E. KARASZ,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
TED E. KIRCHNER,
Foster-Miller, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
CHARLES LEE,
Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Arlington, Virginia
JOSEPH D. LICHTENHAN,
Hybrid Plastics, Fountain Valley, California
DAVID A. LUIPPOLD,
Northrop Grumman, Pico Rivera, California
WILLIAM J. MACKNIGHT,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
JOHN F. MAGUIRE,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
TOBIN J. MARKS,
Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
PATRICK T. MATHER,
University of Connecticut, Storrs
KRIS MATYJASZEWSKI,
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
JAMES MCGRATH,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
RICHARD D. MCCULLOUGH,
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
MICHAEL A. MEADOR,
NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
JAMES M. O'REILLY,
Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York
RUTH PACHTER,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
JOHN F. RABOLT,
University of Delaware, Newark
ROBERT L. RAPSON,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
SURAJ P. RAWAL,
Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, Colorado
JOHN R. REYNOLDS,
University of Florida, Gainesville
JOHN D. RUSSELL,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
JOHN N. RUSSELL, JR.,
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.
AVADH B. SAXENA,
Los Alamos National laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico
ELIZABETH T. SHINN,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
LESLIE E. SMITH,
National Institutes of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
JIM C. SPAIN,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Tyndall Air Force Base, Panama City, Florida
RICHARD S. STEIN,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
MORLEY STONE,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
MICHAEL STROPKI,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
JAMES K. SUTTER,
NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
LOON-SENG TAN,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
RALPH TAYLOR-SMITH,
Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey
EDWIN L. THOMAS,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
RICHARD VAIA,
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio
CHARLES R. WATSON,
Pratt & Whitney, East Hartford, Connecticut
National Materials Advisory Board Staff
THOMAS E. MUNNS,
Associate Director
ARUL MOZHI,
Senior Program Officer
PAT WILLIAMS,
Administrative Assistant
National Materials Advisory Board
EDGAR A. STARKE
(chair)
University of Virginia, Charlottesville
EARL DOWELL,
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
EDWARD C. DOWLING,
Cleveland Cliffs, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio
THOMAS EAGAR,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
HAMISH L. FRASER,
Ohio State University, Columbus
ALASTAIR M. GLASS,
Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey
MARTIN E. GLICKSMAN,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
JOHN A.S. GREEN,
The Aluminum Association, Inc., Washington, D.C.
THOMAS S. HARTWICK,
TRW, Redmond, Washington
ALLAN J. JACOBSON,
University of Houston, Houston, Texas
MICHAEL JAFFE,
New Jersey Institute of Technology and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark
SYLVIA M. JOHNSON,
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
SHEILA F. KIA,
General Motors Research and Development Center, Warren, Michigan
LISA KLEIN,
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway
HARRY A. LIPSITT,
Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
ALAN G. MILLER,
Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, Seattle, Washington
ROBERT C. PFAHL, JR.,
Motorola, Schaumburg, Illinois
JULIA PHILLIPS,
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
HENRY J. RACK,
Clemson University, South Carolina
KENNETH L. REIFSNIDER,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
T.S. SUDARSHAN,
Materials Modification, Inc., Fairfax, Virginia
JULIA WEERTMAN,
Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
RICHARD CHAIT,
Director
Preface
This workshop, sponsored by the National Materials Advisory Board (NMAB) of the National Research Council (NRC), was conducted under a contract with the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). The purpose of the workshop was to identify promising long-range research and development (R&D) opportunities in polymeric materials, structural polymers, functional polymers, and coatings with potential aeronautical and space applications. The objectives of the workshop included:
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summarizing the state of current R&D that could lead to significant advances in polymer materials and process technology
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discussing research goals and possible performance limits for novel polymer systems
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identifying promising research topics and key issues in polymeric materials, specifically structural polymers, functional polymers, and coatings
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discussing potential innovations in modeling, simulation, and design that could contribute to the advancement of polymeric materials technology
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identifying technical issues that hinder the introduction of new materials
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discussing future activities that would promote the development of polymeric materials for aeronautical and space applications
The NMAB staff would like to thank all of the participants in the workshop and the following individuals, who prepared presentations: Charles E. Browning, Wade Adams, Barry L. Farmer, and Douglas S. Dudis of AFRL; Arthur J. Epstein of Ohio State University; Edwin L. Thomas of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Leslie E. Smith of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and James McGrath of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The NMAB staff is particularly grateful to Robert L. Rapson, AFRL liaison, for his help in organizing the workshop.
This summary has been reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review was to provide candid, critical comments to assist the authors and the NRC in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards of objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the workshop objectives. The content of the review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this summary: Arthur J. Epstein of Ohio State University; John Gassner of Foster-Miller, Inc.; Frank E. Karasz of the University of Massachusetts; and John Gillespie of the University of Delaware. While the individuals listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of the summary rests solely with the NMAB staff authors and the NRC.
Comments and suggestions can be sent via e-mail to NMAB@nas.edu or by fax to (202) 334-3718