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Broadband: Bringing Home the Bits (2002)

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Bibliography Abramson, Norman. 1999. “Internet Access Using VSAT’s.” San Francisco, Calif.: ALOHA Networks, October 5. Alvarez, Lizette. 2001. “In Capitol, AT&T and Bells Fight to Control Web Access.” New York Times. August 29, p. C1. American National Standard T1E1.4 Working Group on Digital Subscriber Line Access. 2001. “American National Standard for Telecommunications—Spectrum Management for Loop Transmission Systems.” Anderson, Ken, and Anne Page McClard. 1998. “Always on: Broadband Living Enabled.” Broadband Innovation Group, MediaOne Labs, October. Anderson, Ken. 1999. “Technology and Convergence of the Digerati.” MediaOne Labs. June. Andersen, William, et al. 1999. “Applying a Policy of Non-Discriminatory Access to High- Speed Internet Access Over Cable in King County, Washington.” A Report to the Budget and Fiscal Management Committee, Metropolitan King County Council. Octo- ber. Andersson, Goete. 2000. “Sweden’s Broad Jump: Debate Is Warming Up for Universal High- speed Service.” tele.com (501), January 10. Available online at <http://www. teledotcom.com/article/TEL20000824S0034>. Angwin, Julia. 2000. “Cable Alliances Prompt Some Consumers to Pay Twice for Web Ac- cess,” Wall Street Journal, November 20, p. B1. Angwin, Julia. 2000. “The New Media Colossus: AOL-Time Warner Megamerger Creates Behemoth That Could Dominate Web, Other Media.” Wall Street Journal, December 15, p. B1. Arbitron/Coleman (presented by Pierre Bouvard and Warren Kurtzman). 2000. “The Broad- band Revolution: How Superfast Internet Access Changes Media Habits in American Households,” October 2. Available online at <http://www.arbitron.com/downloads/ broadband.pdf>. 216

BIBLIOGRAPHY 217 Armstrong, David, and Dennis K. Berman. 2001. “Municipal Networks Become Rivals for Fiber-optic Telecom Companies: Dissatisfaction Spurs Competition,” CNBC and The Wall Street Journal, August 17. Available online at <http://www.msnbc.com/news/ 615215.asp#BODY>. Armstrong, David, and Dennis K. Berman. 2001. “Telecom Companies Confront New Ri- val: The Municipal Network.” Wall Street Journal, August 17, p. A1. ARC Group. 2000. Broadband Access: Opportunities in Fixed Wireless. Surrey, U.K.: ARC Group. Associated Press. 1999. “IBM Offers PC with High-Speed DSL Internal Modem.” August 23. Associated Press. 1999. “Researchers Seek to Untangle Effects of Internet.” June 8. Association for Local Telecommunications Services (ALTS). 2000. Consumer Benefits of the 1996 Telecommunications Act. Washington, D.C.: ALTS, February 2. Association for Local Telecommunications Services (ALTS). 2000. The State of Competition in the U.S. Local Telecommunications Marketplace. Washington, D.C.: ALTS, February. AT&T. 2000. “AT&T ‘Cuts The Cord’ to Provide Services Into Homes; Debuts Nation’s First Wireless Local Communications Company” [news release], March 22. Available online at <http://www.att.com/press/item/0,1354,2706,00.html>. ATM Forum. 2000. “Voice and Multimedia Over ATM: Loop Emulation Service Using AAL2,” AF-VMOA-0145.000, July. Available online at <http://www-comm.itsi.disa. mil/atmf/vtoa.html#af145>. Austen, Ian. 1999. “High-Speed Lines Leave Door Ajar for Hackers: Constant Connections Through Cable or DSL Mean New Security Headaches for Home Users.” New York Times, July 8. Available online at <http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/99/07/cir- cuits/articles/08hack.html>. Aversa, Jeannine. 1999. “FCC Won’t Regulate Internet. Really.” Washington Post, March 12, p. E3. Bagasao, Paula. 1999. “Knowing About Who Has Access: A Matter of Strategy.” iMP, De- cember 22. Available online at <http://www.cisp.org/imp/december_99/12_99 bagasao.htm>. Baker, Jonathan B., and Susan P. Braman. 1998. “Deployment of Wireline Services Offering Advanced Telecommunications Capability” [CC Docket No. 98-147], comment of the staff of the Bureau of Economics, Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Washington, D.C.: FTC. Available online at <http://www.ftc.gov/be/v980030.htm>. Bar, Francois, et al. 1999. “Defending the Internet Revolution in the Broadband Era: When Doing Nothing Is Doing Harm,” August. Available online at <http://e-conomy. berkeley.edu/publications/wp/ewp12.html>. Barnett, Malcolm. 2000. “Fibre Optic Cable: Unsung Hero.” Telecommunications Online, April. Available online at <http://www.telecoms-mag.com/issues/200004/tci/ fibre.html>. Bechtolsheim, Andreas, and David Cheriton. 2000. “Ethernet Broadband Networking” (white paper), Cisco Systems, August 11. Available online at <http://www4. national academies.org/cpsma/cstb.nsf/files/wp-bb-bechtolsheim-cheriton.pdf/$file/wp-bb- bechtolsheim-cheriton.pdf>. Belinfante, Alexander. 2001. “Telephone Penetration by Income by State (Data through 2000).” Industry Analysis Division, Common Carrier Bureau, Federal Communica- tions Commission. Available online at <http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/ Common_Carrier/Reports/FCC-State_Link/IAD/pntris00.pdf> Berkowe, Kathleen Hawkins. 2000. “Open Access to Cable Systems for Internet Access Providers.” Media Law and Policy VIII (2). Berman, Dennis, and Shawn Young. 2001. “Bells Make a High-Speed Retreat from Broad- band.” Wall Street Journal. October 29, p. B1.

218 BROADBAND Berresford, John. 2001. “Broadband Is Not for Everyone—Extending Existing Universal Service Broadband Would Be a Mistake.” ISPWorld, May 8. Available online at <http://www.boardwatch.com/bw/may01/Broadband_Not_Everyone.htm>. Berst, Jesse. 1999. “Dr. Jesse’s Internet Checkup: The Good and Bad News About the Health of the Web.” ZDNet, June 25. Available online at <http://www4.zdnet.com/ anchordesk/story/story_3553.html>. Berst, Jesse. 1999. “Internet Mind Control.” ZDNet, June 21. Available online at <http:// www.zdnet.com/anchordesk/story/story_3531.html>. Blackwell, Gerry. 1999. “Taking the VoIP Plunge.” ISP-Planet, June 11. Available online at <http://www.isp-planet.com/services/voip-plunge1.html>. Blankenhorn, Dana. 2001. “Clearing the Last-Mile Hurdle.” ISPWorld, May 8. Available online at <http://www.ispworld.com/bw/apr01/Last_Mile_Hurdle.htm>. Blumenstein, Rebecca, and Joann S. Lublin. 1999. “Amid All the Bets, One Stands Out: AT&T Ventures Into Cable.” Wall Street Journal, November 5, p. A1. Blumenstein, Rebecca, and Stephanie Mehta. 1999. “Qwest Makes Bid for US West, Fron- tier.” Wall Street Journal, June 14, p. A3. Blumenstein, Rebecca, Leslie Cauley, and Kara Swisher. 1999. “Inside the Tangles of AT&T’s Web Strategy.” Wall Street Journal, August 13, p. B1. Blumenstein, Rebecca. 2000. “AT&T Filing Pledges It Won’t Influence Programming of a MediaOne Venture.” Wall Street Journal, April 21, p. B6. Blumenstein, Rebecca. 2000. “Some Wonder if Content-less AT&T Will Rue Cable-only Plans.” Wall Street Journal, January 14, p. B6. Blumenstein, Rebecca, and Stephanie Mehta. 2000. “As the Telecoms Merge and Cut Costs, Service is Often a Casualty.” Wall Street Journal, January 19, p. A1. Blumenstein, Rebecca, Don Clark, and Leslie Cauley. 2000. “AT&T Acts to Gain Control of Excite from Cable Firms.” Wall Street Journal, March 30, p. B6. Blumenstein, Rebecca. 2001. “How the Fiber Barons Plunged the Nation into a Telecom Glut.” Wall Street Journal. June 18, p. A1. Blumenstein, Rebecca. 2001. “Reform Act Hasn’t Delivered Promises to Customers.” Wall Street Journal. May 3, p. B1. Booth, William. 2000. “The Big Switch in Urban Renewal: Telecom Firms Bring Shine, Pol- ish, Wires—But Few People—to Old LA Buildings.” Washington Post, January 16, p. A20. Borland, John. 2001. “Power Lines Stumble to Market.” CNET News.com, March 28. Avail- able online at <http://news.cnet.com/news/0-1004-200-5337770.html?tag=tp_pr>. Bouvard, Pierre, and Warren Kurtzman. 2000. The Broadband Revolution: How Superfast Internet Access Changes Media Habits in American Households. Arbitron Company, New York. Available online at <www.arbitron.com> and <www.colemanresearch.com>. BRDC, Ltd. 2001. “The Development of Broadband Access Platforms in Europe: Technolo- gies, Services, Markets.” Commissioned by the European Commission Information Society Directorate, August. Available online at <http://europa.eu.int/information_ society/eeurope/news_library/new_documents/ broadband/index_en.htm>. Breckheimer, Veronica, and Kevin Taglang. 1999. “Broadband and the Future of the Internet.” The Digital Beat 1(14), August 20. Available online at <http://www.benton. org/DigitalBeat/db082099.html>. Brewin, Bob. 2000. “Cable Creeps into the Corporation: Users of Cable for Broadband Con- nectivity Cite Big Savings Over Telco Offerings.” Computerworld, October 16. Avail- able online at <http://www.computerworld.com/cwi/story/0,1199,NAV47_ STO52454_NLTam,00.html>.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 219 Brewin, Bob. 2000. “Carriers Forge Pact to Avoid Interference in Fixed Wireless Microwave Bands.” Computerworld, July 10. Available online at <http://www.computerworld. com/cwi/story/0,1199,NAV47_STO46911,00.html>. Brewin, Bob. 2000. “Telcos Ante up $250 M for ‘Last Mile’ Connection Bidding Rights.” Computerworld, April 10. Available online at <http://www.computerworld.com/cwi/ story/0,1199,NAV47_STO43814,00.html>. Brinkley, Joel. 1999. “Despite Agreement, Snags Remain for Digital TV.” New York Times, November 22, p. C17. Brinkley, Joel. 2000. “Do Viewers Even Want to Interact with TV?” New York Times, Febru- ary 7, p. C5. Broadband Project Office, Manitoba Innovation Network. 2000. “Accelerating the Deploy- ment of Manitoba’s Broadband Network Infrastructure” (white paper), June 6. Avail- able online at <http://www.min.mb.ca/calendar/White_Paper.pdf>. Burnett, Ron. 1999. “Communications Policy and the New Public Sphere: Towards a New Research Agenda.” Community Technology Review (Summer-Fall). Available online at <http://www.civicnet.org/comtechreview/communications_policy_and_ the_ne. htm>. Burrows, Peter. 1999. “Fred Wilson’s $50 Million Bet on Info Appliances.” Business Week, April 14. Available online at <http://www.businessweek.com/ebiz/9904/em0414. htm>. Cable Datacom News. 2001. “Cable Modem Customer Count Tops 5.5 Million.” March 1. Available online at <http://www.cabledatacomnews.com/mar01/mar01-1.html>. Cablevision Bluebook. 2001. “High-Speed Havens of Modems & DSL.” June. Cahners In-Stat Group. 2000. Broadband Consumers—Profiles and Strategies, Report No. BBWIS00-05SP. Cahners In-Stat Group. 2000. “Percentage of Internet-Connected Households Soars to 60% in 2000; In-Stat Report Reveals Results in Buying and Internet Usage Trends” [press release], March 28. Available online at <http://www.instat.com/pr/2000/is0001sp_pr. htm>. Cahners In-Stat Group. 2000. “Many Routes to 3G Deployment—Options Depend on Start- ing Point” [press release], March 27. Available online at <http://www.instat.com/pr/ 2000/gw0003in_pr.htm>. Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). 1999. “CRTC Won’t Regulate the Internet” [news release], May 17. Available online at <http:// www.crtc.gc.ca/ENG/NEWS/RELEASES/1999/R990517e.htm>. CAnet-3-News. 1999. “Glass Is Freedom: Optical Networks for the Rest of Us,” June 9. Available online at <http://www.canarie.ca/MLISTS/news/1282.html>. CAnet-3-News. 1999. “Should Fiber Infrastructure Be a Public Regulated Facility?” July 15. Available online at <http://www.canarie.ca/MLISTS/news/1298.html>. CAnet-3-News. 2000. “No More Tearing Up of Streets to Install Optical Fiber,” April 18. Available online at <http://www.canarie.ca/MLISTS/news2000/0084.html>. Carroll, Jill. 2000. “FCC Will Determine ISP Access to Cable.” Wall Street Journal, August 29, p. B2. Caruso, Denise. 1999. “A New Model for the Internet: Fees for Services.” New York Times, July 19, p. C6. Cauley, Leslie. 1999. “Sony Enters Market for Cable-TV Boxes with $1 Billion Order from Cablevision.” Wall Street Journal, September 17, p. B11. Cauley, Leslie, and Nicole Harris. 1999. “Fixed Wireless Is Attracting Big Investments.” Wall Street Journal, June 3, p. B4. Cauley, Leslie. 2000. “AT&T Faces Challenge over Cable-Phone Goal.” Wall Street Journal, April 28, p. A3.

220 BROADBAND Cauley, Leslie, and Nick Wingfield. 2000. “AT&T to Test Multiple ISPs on Cable Lines.” Wall Street Journal, June 8, p. B10. Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT). 2000. Broadband Backgrounder: Public Policy Issues Raised by Broadband Technology. Washington, D.C.: CDT, December. Available online at <http://www.cdt.org/digi_infra/broadband/backgrounder.shtml>. Center for Media Education (CME). 2001. “Broadband Networks and Narrow Visions: The Internet at Risk.” Washington, D.C.: CME. Available online at <http://www.cme.org/ access/broadband/at_risk.html>. Cha, Ariana Eunjung. 2000. “‘Free’ Wireless Networks?” Washington Post, December 8, p. E1. Cha, Ariana Eunjung. 2001. “Broadband’s a Nice Pace if You Can Get It.” Washington Post, February 28, p. G4. Chatterjee, Samir, Cherian S. Thachenkary, and Joseph L. Katz. 1998. “Modeling the Eco- nomic Impacts of Broadband Residential Services.” Computer Networks 30(14): 1295- 1310. Chen, Kathy. 1999. “AT&T Used Carrot and Stick Lobbying Efforts in Local Debates Over Access to Cable-TV Lines.” Wall Street Journal, November 24, p. A20. Chen, Kathy. 1999. “FCC Backs Away from Regulating Internet Gateway.” Wall Street Journal, January 29, p. B2. Chen, Kathy. 1999. “FCC Chairman Calls for National Policy on High-Speed Internet Ac- cess Via Cable.” Wall Street Journal, June 16, p. B4. Chen, Kathy. 1999. “FCC’s Kennard to Argue Against Rules on Broadband Web Access at the Local Level.” Wall Street Journal, July 21, p. A4. Chen, Kathy. 2000. “Comcast Hopes to Offer in 2002 Open-Access Policy.” Wall Street Journal, March 27, p. A42. Chen, Kathy, and Leslie Cauley. 1999. “Oregon Ruling Could Hurt AT&T Plan to Offer Internet Access on Cable Lines.” Wall Street Journal, June 7, p. B3. Chervokas, Jason. 1998. “The New Boys Network.” The Industry Standard, June 12. Avail- able online at <http://www.thestandard.com/article/0,1902,649,00.html>. Christopher, Abby. 1999. “Opening the Door for Home Networks.” Upside 11(6): 66-70. Cioffi, J.M. 2001. “Unbundled DSL Evolution,” T1E1.4 Contribution 2001-088, February, Los Angeles, Calif.. Available online at <http://www-isl.stanford.edu/people/cioffi/ dsm/t1e1pap/1e140880.pdf>. Cioffi, J.M., G. Ginis, W. Yu, and S. Zeng. 2000. “Spectrum Management with Advancing DSLs,” ETSI TM6, Monterey TD06, November. Cisco Systems. 1999. “Controlling Your Network—A Must for Cable Operators” (white paper). Available online at <http://www.cptech.org/ecom/openaccess/cisco1.html>. Cisco Systems. 1999. “White Paper: Migrating to a New World Business Model.” Cisco. Civille, Richard, Michael Gurstein, and Kenneth Pigg. 2000. “Rural Regional Strategies for Broadband Demand.” Center for Civic Networking and the Technical University of British Columbia, June 15. Clark, David D. 1999. “High-Speed Data Races Home.” Scientific American, October. Avail- able online at <http://www.sciam.com/1999/1099issue/1099clark.html>. Clark, David D. 1999. “Implications of Local Loop Technology for Future Industry Struc- ture” in S. Gillette and I. Vogelsang, eds., Competition, Regulation, and Convergence: Current Trends in Telecommunications Policy Research. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Clark, David D., William Lehr, and Ian Liu. 2002. “Provisioning for Bursty Internet Traffic: Implications for Industry Structure,” to appear in L. McKnight and J. Wroclawski, eds., Internet Service Quality Economics. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

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Broadband communication expands our opportunities for entertainment, e-commerce and work at home, health care, education, and even e-government. It can make the Internet more useful to more people. But it all hinges on higher capacity in the "first mile" or "last mile" that connects the user to the larger communications network. That connection is often adequate for large organizations such as universities or corporations, but enhanced connections to homes are needed to reap the full social and economic promise.

Broadband: Bringing Home the Bits provides a contemporary snapshot of technologies, strategies, and policies for improving our communications and information infrastructure. It explores the potential benefits of broadband, existing and projected demand, progress and failures in deployment, competition in the broadband industry, and costs and who pays them. Explanations of broadband's alphabet soup – HFC, DSL, FTTH, and all the rest – are included as well. The report's finding and recommendations address regulation, the roles of communities, needed research, and other aspects, including implications for the Telecommunications Act of 1996.

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