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Appendix B GLOSSARY ARCHITECTURE: The design of the components of a computer system. AUTOMATED DATA PROCESSING: The process by which data is assembled, processed, stored, recombined, and retrieved by automatic means using a computer system. BATCH: A group of jobs to be run on a computer at one time with the same program. BUG: A mistake or malfunction. CHANNEL: A path along which data passes or along which data may be stored serially in a computer. COAXIAL CABLE: A transmission line that consists of a tube of electrically conducting material surrounding a central conductor held in place by insulators; used to transmit telegraph, telephone, and television signals of high frequency. COMMAND LANGUAGE: A source language consisting primarily of procedures capable of invoking a function to be executed. DATA BANK: A collection of data organized for rapid search and retrieval by computer. DATA BASE: A set or collection of information that is sufficient for a given purpose or given data processing system. DATA PROCESSING: The converting by computer of crude information into useable or storable form. FILE: A collection of related records treated as a unit. FLOWCHART: A graphical representation for the definition, analysis, or solution of a problem. HARDWARE: The physical equipment of a computer system. MAINFRAME: The computer itself and its cabinet, as distinguished from peripheral devices connected with it. MICRON: A unit of length equal to one-millionth of a meter. MODEM: A device that processes signals transmitted over communications facilities. OFF-LINE: Not under the direct control of a computer. ON-LINE: Controlled directly by or in direct communication with a computer. PROGRAM LIBRARY: A collection of computer programs and routines. REAL TIME: The actual time during which a physical process controlled by a computer occurs. 43
44 SOFTWARE: The entire set of programs, procedures, and related documentation associated with a computer system. STRING MANIPULATION: Characters in a computer program to be changed. TERMINAL: A point or device in a computer systems at which data can either enter or leave. WORKBENCH: A specialized high-performance computer system that allows programmers to edit and control modifications. .,
