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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This study was supported by Contract DHHS N01-OD-4-2139, Task Order 130 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Institutes of Allergies and Infectious Disease. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
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COMMITTEE ON TRANSFORMING BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION INTO NEW THERAPIES: A STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPING ANTIVIRAL DRUGS FOR SMALLPOX
STEPHEN HARRISON, (Chair),
Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
BRUCE ALBERTS,
National Academy of Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
ELLIE EHRENFELD,
National Institutes of Allergies and Infectious Disease, Bethesda, Maryland
LYNN ENQUIST,
Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
HARVEY FINEBERG,
Institute of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia
STEVEN L MCKNIGHT,
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Houston, Texas
BERNARD MOSS,
National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Disease, Bethesda, Maryland
MICHAEL O'DONNELL,
The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
HIDDE PLOEGH,
Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
SANDRA L. SCHMID,
The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
K. PETER WALTER,
University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
JULIE THERIOT,
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
STAFF
ROBIN A. SCHOEN, Senior Program Officer
BRENDAN BRADLEY, Walsh Intern
BOARD ON LIFE SCIENCES
COREY S. GOODMAN, (Chair)
Renovis Inc., South San Francisco, California
RUTH BERKELMAN,
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
R. ALTA CHARO,
University of Wisconsin, Madison. Wisconsin
DENNIS CHOI,
Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania
JOANNE CHORY,
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
JEFFREY L. DANGL,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
PAUL R. EHRLICH,
Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
JAMES M. GENTILE,
Hope College, Holland, Michigan
LINDA GREER,
Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, District of Columbia
ED HARLOW,
Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
DAVID HILLIS,
University of Texas, Austin, Texas
KENNETH F. KELLER,
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
RANDALL MURCH,
Institute for Defense Analyses, Alexandria, Virginia
GREGORY A. PETSKO,
Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
STUART L. PIMM,
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
BARBARA A. SCHAAL,
Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
JAMES TIEDJE,
Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
KEITH YAMAMOTO,
University of California, San Francisco, California
STAFF
FRANCES E. SHARPLES, Director
ROBIN A. SCHOEN, Senior Program Officer
ROBERT T. YUAN, Senior Program Officer
KERRY A. BRENNER, Program Officer
MARILEE K. SHELTON-DAVENPORT, Program Officer
EVONNE P. Y. TANG, Program Officer
ADAM P. FAGEN, Postdoctoral Fellow
BRENDAN BRADLEY, Program Assistant/Research Intern
MILTON MULDROW, Program Assistant
SETH STRONGIN, Program Assistant
DENISE GROSSHANS, Financial Associate
RECOGNITION OF REVIEWERS
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
Thomas C. Caskey, Cogene Biotech Ventures, L.P.
Marc S. Collett, Viropharma, Inc.
Jane E. Henney, University of Cincinnati
Neal Nathanson, University of Pennsylvania
Richard Moyer, University of Florida School of Medicine
Vickey Sato, Vertex Pharmaceuticals
Peter Palese, Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Paula Traktman, Medical College of Wisconsin
Although the reviewers listed above have provided constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Floyd Bloom of The Scripps Research Institute. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to extend our gratitude to the many individuals who contributed to the development of this report, including those who attended the June 15-16, 2003 workshop on Transforming Biological Information into New Therapies: Smallpox Antivirals. In addition, we would like to thank Adel Mahmoud, Merck, Inc., David Bloom, Harvard School of Public Health, and Eugene Cordes, Concentric Pharmaceuticals, for their useful insights.
