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._-.$--- -. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD National Res'arch Council
1990 TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Chairman: WAYNE MURI, Chief Engineer, Missouri Highway and Transportation Department, Jefferson City Vice Chairman: C. MICHAEL WALTON, Bess Harris Jones Centennial Professor of Natural Resource Policy Studies and Chaimian, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Austin Executive Director: THOMAS B. DEEN, Transportation Research Board ADM. JAMES B. BUSEY IV, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (cx officio) GILBERT E. CARMICHAEL, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (cx officio) BRIAN W. CLYMER, Administrator, Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (cx officio) JERRY R. CURRY, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation (cx officio) TRAVIS P. DUNGAN, Administrator, Research and Special Programs Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation (cx officio) FRANCIS B. FRANCOIS, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Trans- portation Officials, Washington, D.C. (cx officio) JOHN GRAY, President, National Asphalt Pavement Association, Lanham, Maryland (cx officio) THOMAS H. HANNA, President and Chief Executive Officer, Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Asso- ciation of the United States, Inc., Detroit, Michigan (cx officio) IT. GEN. HENRY J. HATCH, Chief of Engineers and Commander, U.S. Amiy Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C. (cx officio) THOMAS D. LARSON, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Trans- portation (cx officio) GEORGE H. WAY, JR., Vice President for Research and Test Department, Association of American Railroads, Washington, D.C. (cx officio) ROBERT J. AARONSON, President, Air Transport Association of America, Washington, D.C. JAMES M. BEGGS, Chainiian, Spacelab, Inc., Washington, D.C. ROBERT N. BOTHMAN, Director, Oregon Department of Transportation, Salem J. RON BRINSON, President and Chief Executive Officer, Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans I. GARY BYRD, Consulting Engineer, Alexandria, Virginia L. STANLEY CRANE, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania RANDY DOI, Director, IVHS Systems, Motorola Inc., Northbrook, Illinois S. EARL DOVE, President, Earl Dove Company, Dothan, Alabama LOUIS J. GAMBACCINI, General Manager, Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA), Philadelphia (Past Chaimtan 1989) KERMIT H. JUSTICE, Secretary of Transportation, State of Delaware, Dover DENMAN K. McNEAR, Vice Chairnian, Rio Grande Industries, San Francisco, California WILLIAM W. MILLAR, Executive Director, Port Authority of Allegheny County, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ROBERT E. PAAS WELL, Professor of Civil Engineering and Director of Transportation Research Consortium, City College of New York, New York RAY D. PETHTEL, Commissioner, Virginia Department of Transportation, Richmond JAMES P. PITZ, Director, Michigan Department of Transportation, Lansing HERBERT H. RICHARI)SON, Deputy Chancellor and Dean of Engineering, Texas A&M Univer- sity System, College Station (Past Chaiman 1988) JOE C. RIDEOUTTE, Executive Director, South Carolina Department of Highways and Public Transportation, Columbia CARMEN E. TURNER, Gcncral Manager, Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, Wash- ington, D.C. JULIAN WOLPERT, Henry G. Bryant Professor of Geography, Public Affairs and Urban Planning, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University PAUL ZIA, Distinguished University Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh
SPECIAL REPORT 229 Safety Research for a ChanSinS HiShway Environment Strategic Transportation Research Study: Highway Safety TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD National Research Council Washington, D.C. 1990
Transportation Research Board Special Report 229 Subscriber Category IVB safety and human performance Mode I highway transportation Subject areas 11 administration 12 planning 51 transportation safety 52 human factors Transportation Research Board publications are available by ordering directly from TRB. They may also be obtained on a regular basis through organizational or individual affiliation with TRB; affiliates or library subscribers are eligible for substantial discounts. For further information, write to the Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20418. Printed in the United States of America NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to the procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of the members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. This report was sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Safety research for a changing highway environment: strategic transportation research study: highway safety. p. cm.â(Special report ; 229) ISBN 0-309-05056-1 Transportation, AutomotiveâSafety measuresâResearchâUnited States. Traffic safetyâResearchâUnited States. I. National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board. II. Series: Special report (National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board); 229. HE5614.2.S24 1990 363. 12'5'0973âdc2O ISSN 0360-859X 90-19676 CIP Cover design: Karen White Cover photographs: top left, Dan A. Rosen, TRB; top right, Herbert A. Pennock, TRB; bottom, Sergio Rodriguez, Davie, Florida.
