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Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats (2006)

Chapter: Appendix Biographies of Committee Members

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
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Appendix

Biographies of Committee Members

James F. O’Bryon, Chair, served as deputy assistant secretary of defense until his retirement in 2001. During his 15 years at the Pentagon, he served under seven secretaries of defense as director, Live Fire Testing, and deputy director, Operational Test and Evaluation. Mr. O’Bryon also worked in various positions within the Office of the Director, Defense Research and Engineering in the Office of the Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, overseeing and directing test and evaluation activities for the Secretary of Defense. These activities included the examination of the test plan adequacy, test execution, and vulnerability, lethality, and survivability of the nation’s major defense systems, and the application of tactics and doctrine to these issues. He has testified before various committees of the U.S. Congress on defense and homeland security issues as well as drafting the Secretary of Defense’s reports on system survivability, vulnerability, and lethality. He has served on more than a dozen committees addressing such issues as directed energy, ozone-depleting compounds, and modeling and simulation. His degrees are from the King’s College, George Washington University, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr. O’Bryon has also served for nearly 20 years as a mathematician, ballistician, and weapons systems analyst at the Ballistic Research Laboratories and the Army’s Materiel Systems Analysis Activity. He currently works as an independent defense consultant for several government entities, not-for-profit organizations, and defense industries and serves as president of The O’Bryon Group.


Sandra L. Hyland, Vice Chair, is Etching System group manager, Tokyo Electron (TEL) Technology Center, America, responsible for TEL’s etch process development at SUNY Albany’s Nanotechnology Center. She supports oxide and low-k film etch for integrated development projects for TEL and IBM, as well as for other members of the Nanotechnology Center. Dr. Hyland was formerly East Coast manager for TEL Etch Systems, analyzing technology trends and customer data to determine hardware and process needs for manufacturing current and next-generation computer chips, including both capability and cost-reduction considerations. She had previously been an integration engineer for IBM’s radiation-hardened computer chip manufacturing facility and had managed a processing facility for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory to assess various materials for their potential as solar-cell substrates. Dr. Hyland was also a staff officer for the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) National Materials Advisory Board, where she managed committees on aviation security and the design of U.S. paper money. She has a Ph.D. in materials science from Cornell University and an M.S. and a B.S. in electrical engineering from Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, respectively.


Cheryl A. Bitner is program director for Electronic Warfare Trainers, Maintenance Trainers, Gunnery System Trainers, and On-Board (Embedded) Trainers at AAI Corporation. She has more than 21 years of industry experience in providing training and simulation products for government as well as commercial customers, and has a strong background in cost- and schedule-control techniques. Her responsibilities include ensuring positive program performance, strategic planning, and personnel management and development. Ms. Bitner is a certified project management professional and is a member of the National Training and Simulation Association. She has published a cost-and-benefit analysis of piloting and navigational team trainers and contributes to the AAI Training Systems Newsletter. Ms. Bitner completed the advanced program management course at the Defense Systems Management College in 1989 and holds an M.S. in engineering science and a B.S. in computer science from Loyola College.


Donald E. Brown is chair of the Department of Systems Engineering of the University of Virginia. His research focuses on data fusion and simulation optimization, with ap-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
×

plications to intelligence, security, logistics, and transportation. He has developed decision-support systems for several U.S. intelligence agencies and was previously an intelligence operations officer for the U.S. Army. Dr. Brown is coeditor of Operations Research and Artificial Intelligence: The Integration of Problem Solving Strategies (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990) and Intelligent Scheduling Systems (Kluwer, 1995) and is an associate editor for the journal International Abstracts in Operations Research. He has been president, vice president, and secretary of the Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. He is past chair of the Technical Section on Artificial Intelligence of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science and was awarded that society’s outstanding service award.


John B. Daly recently retired from the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). He worked in the Office of Intelligence and Security (OIS) and was part of the immediate staff of the secretary of transportation, from the inception of the OIS in 1990 in the aftermath of the terrorist attack on Pan Am 103, and he served as the associate director for security policy from 1994 until his retirement. From the beginning of Mr. Daly’s work in OIS, security research and development has been a major focus of his work, particularly that involving explosives and weapons detection. He is the founding chair of the Gordon Research Conference on Illicit Substance Detection, which meets annually to review and stimulate research at the frontiers of science and national policy on the detection of explosives, narcotics, and chemical/biological agents. He is the founding chair of the Transportation Security Experts Group in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation’s Transportation Working Group (TPT-WG); this group was established in 2000 at the 18th meeting of the TPT-WG in Miyazaki, Japan, to address security in all modes of transportation—land, sea, and air. The press of events, however, has focused its work thus far primarily on aviation security. From 1975 to 1990, he worked for the U.S. Coast Guard in strategic planning for the enforcement of laws and treaties, dealing primarily with the interdiction of drugs and illegal aliens, rising to be chief of the Plans and Policies Branch in the Office of the Chief of Staff. Mr. Daly received a B.S. from Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service, a master’s degree from the University of Southern California’s School of Public Administration, and a graduate diploma in naval warfare from the U.S. Naval War College.


Colin G. Drury is professor of industrial engineering at the State University of New York at Buffalo and executive director of the Center for Industrial Effectiveness, where he has worked extensively in the integration of ergonomics/human factors into company operations. His efforts have resulted in increased competitiveness and job growth for regional industry and in his receipt of two National Association of Management and Technical Assistance Centers’ Project of the Year awards. Since 1990, Dr. Drury has headed a team applying human factors to the inspection and maintenance of civil aircraft, with the goal being error reduction. He performed a study for the Air Transport Association evaluating the FAA’s modular bomb set and the use of this bomb set in training and testing security screeners. Dr. Drury is a fellow of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, the Institute of Industrial Engineers, and the Ergonomics Society. In 1981 he was awarded the Bartlett Medal by the Ergonomics Society, and in 1992 the Paul Fitts Award by the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. He has a Ph.D. in production engineering from Birmingham University, specializing in work design and ergonomics.


Patrick Griffin is a senior member of the technical staff at Sandia National Laboratories and was chair of the NRC Panel on Assessment of Practicality of Pulsed Fast Neutron Analysis for Aviation Security. He possesses extensive expertise in the area of radiation technology. At Sandia National Laboratories, Dr. Griffin performs research in the areas of radiation modeling and simulation, neutron effects testing, radiation dosimetry, and radiation damage to materials. He is active in the standardization community and is the current chair of the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee E10.05 on Nuclear Radiation Metrology.


Jiri (Art) Janata is professor of chemistry at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He has broad experience and expertise in the area of chemical sensors. He was previously associate director for materials and interfaces in the Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. His research areas include analytical chemistry, electrochemistry, chemical sensors, bioinstrumentation, biophysical chemistry, fundamentals of materials science, micromachining, and instrumental analysis. Professor Janata has organized and chaired numerous symposia and conferences in his field, including Gordon Research Conferences on electrochemistry (January 1995), nuclear waste and energy (September 1996), and Chemical Sensors and Interfacial Design (July 1998). He is on the editorial boards of three journals: Biosensors; Sensor Technology; and Talanta. He is on the advisory board of Analytical Chemistry and is associate editor for Field Analytical Chemistry and Technology. Professor Janata has received numerous awards for his research (Alexander von Humboldt Senior Scientist Prize, 1987; Outstanding Research Award, University of Utah, 1990 (declined); Heyrovsky Medal, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 1990; finalist medal, “Science pour l’Art 1992,” Moet Hennessy and Louis Vuitton, 1992; and outstanding achievement award, Electrochemical Society, October 1994). He has been a visiting professor at many outstanding universities around the world (Wolfson College, Oxford

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
×

University, 1986/1987; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, 1990; and Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1995).


Harry E. Martz, Jr., is area leader for the nondestructive evaluation research and development thrust for the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. He has experience in explosives-detection systems and served as a member of the NRC Committee on Commercial Aviation Security. Dr. Martz has extensive background in the use of computed tomography and x-ray radiography (technologies commonly used in explosives detection) to perform nondestructive evaluation. His current projects include the use of nonintrusive x- and gamma-ray computed tomography techniques as three-dimensional imaging tools for understanding material properties and assaying radioactive waste forms. Dr. Martz has served on several NRC committees and panels dealing with the general topic of aviation security. In addition, he chaired the NRC Panel on Technical Regulation of Explosives Detection Systems.


Richard McGee is a retired electronics engineer with 35 years at the Ballistic/Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, currently working part-time as a senior scientist contractor at ARL. Mr. McGee possesses strong engineering skills and experience in advanced sensor technologies. He has extensive expertise in millimeter-wave, infrared, radiometry, radar, smart munitions, and sensor-based systems engineering and integration. He also possesses solid understanding of the procedures and tasks required to transfer technology from the research laboratory to the field. Mr. McGee has conducted field experiments to characterize near-Earth propagation of millimeter waves (10 mm to 1 mm wavelength) in turbid and tactically hostile environments. He has designed, fabricated, and field-tested brassboard smart munitions sensors and has designed and fabricated instrumentation to measure millimeter radiometric and radar signatures of red and blue combat vehicles and signatures of various terrains. He has worked on projects involving microwave and millimeter-wave holography, development of multispectral fusion target recognition algorithms, and Synthetic Aperture Radar and Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar high-resolution instrumentation (3.2 mm and 2.2 mm). Mr. McGee is highly skilled in systems integration and engineering for smart munitions, with a working knowledge of sensors, warheads, guidance and control, aerodynamics, lethality performance analysis, and high-acceleration survivability.


Richard L. Rowe is retired chief executive officer of MCMS, Inc., a $550 million electronics contract manufacturing company. His experience includes sensor technologies applied to aviation security, and his expertise includes new technologies in optics and radio frequency, electronic sensors, and switch products. He has more than 20 years of experience in the electronic sensors and switch products industry. Prior to his work in the electronics industry, Mr. Rowe was with the U.S. Army for 6 years. He has a master’s degree in engineering administration from the George Washington University and a bachelor’s degree in engineering and applied sciences from the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, New York. He has served on the boards of various electronics industries and was awarded the Honeywell Lund Award (a major leadership award) in 1987.


Eric R. Schwartz is director of Advanced Vehicle Systems Technology, Phantom Works at the Boeing Company. In this role he leads research and development (R&D) activities for advanced commercial and military aerospace vehicle systems and subsystems. These activities include technology development for crew systems, vehicle systems, flight management systems, software integration, and subsystems. He is also responsible for aviation security technologies such as chemical/biological threat detection/mitigation and aircraft protection. Mr. Schwartz has experience in threat analysis, bomb-blast effects, and blast testing of hardened luggage containers. He has performed Boeing and National Transportation Safety Board investigations and managed engineering analyses on terrorist bombing events on aircraft. He is a recognized expert on the structural and systems effects of threats against commercial aircraft and has presented numerous papers to the FAA, NASA, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), U.S. Department of Defense, and international aviation authorities. Mr. Schwartz has participated on several government committees and advisory boards, including the National Research Council’s Panel on Assessment of Technologies Deployed to Improve Aviation Security. He is a member of the FAA Aviation Security R&D Advisory Committee, and he served as deputy director on the AIAA Technical Committee. He has also served on the NASA Aviation Safety Executive Council, the European JAA Future Aviation Safety Team, the International Air Transport Association Aviation Security Committee, and NATO R&D Advisory Group for Aircraft Survivability.


Michael Story is retired from Thermo Electron Corporation. He was involved in the research, design, and commercialization of mass spectrometers for 37 years, and is a cofounder of the Finnigan Corporation. He was a member of previous NRC committees on commercial aviation security (1988–1993) and chaired the Panel on Test Protocol and Performance Criteria.


H. Bruce Wallace is currently a senior staff systems engineer for ORSA Corporation, where he is an internationally recognized expert on millimeter-wave (MMW) and sub-MMW technology. He retired as a civilian employee for the Department of the Army, with which he was most recently acting as deputy and director of the Weapons and Materials Research Directorate of the Army Research Laboratory. Pre-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
×

vious to that he spent 7 years as chief of the Radio Frequency and Electronics Division, where he was responsible for the Army’s basic and applied research in radio-frequency technologies. His primary area of research involved investigating the application of MMW techniques to weapons systems. This work included studies in electronic components, atmospheric and near-Earth propagation, active and passive system designs, and high-resolution polarimetric imaging. Key outcomes from his work were the development of the Sense-and-Destroy Armor MMW sensor system, the Army’s High Resolution Radar Imaging facility, which provides state-of-the-art imaging of ground platforms, and the Multifunction Radio Frequency System, which has become a key electronic component in the Army’s Future Combat System. He is the author of more than 60 government and open literature publications. Mr. Wallace has served on numerous Department of Defense (DOD) and NATO panels as chair or Army lead, and as lead investigator on several trade studies of DOD radar systems and capabilities. He was also a member of two NASA review panels, providing technical and managerial review of basic research programs. He is a fellow of the IEEE Geosciences and Remote Sensing Society.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
×
Page 31
Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
×
Page 32
Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
×
Page 33
Suggested Citation:"Appendix Biographies of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2006. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11556.
×
Page 34
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Historically, most terrorist attacks on civilian targets have involved the use of firearms or explosives, and current defensive strategies are aimed at preventing attacks perpetrated by such means. However, the use of the nerve agent sarin in 1995 to attack the Tokyo subway system, the use of the U.S. mail in 2001 to distribute letters containing anthrax spores, and the discovery in 2004 of the biological toxin ricin in U.S. Senate Office Buildings in Washington, D.C., demonstrate that chemical and biological agents have been added to terrorists' arsenals. Attacks involving chemical/biological agents are of great concern, not only because of the potential for mass casualties but also because there is no strategy or technology fielded today that can respond adequately to this threat. As the United States and other countries reassess the security measures they have in place to prevent or defend against such attacks, the risks to the air transportation system as a primary target become clear. Defending the U.S. Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats is an exploration of defensive strategies that could be used to protect air transportation spaces (specifically, airport terminals and aircraft) against attack with chemical or biological agents and makes recommendations with respect to the role of TSA in implementing these strategies.

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