Testing of Defense Systems
in an
Evolutionary Acquisition Environment
Vijay Nair and Michael L. Cohen, Editors
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This study is supported by a contract between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Science Foundation (Number SBR-0112521). The work of the Committee on National Statistics is also provided by a consortium of federal agencies through the same grant from the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
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Suggested citation: National Research Council. (2006). Testing of Defense Systems in an Evolutionary Acquisition Environment. Oversight Committee for the Workshop on Testing for Dynamic Acquisition of Defense Systems. Vijay Nair and Michael L. Cohen, editors. Committee on National Statistics, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE FOR THE WORKSHOP ON TESTING FOR DYNAMIC ACQUISITION OF DEFENSE SYSTEMS
VIJAY NAIR (Chair),
Department of Statistics and Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
SETH BONDER,
The Bonder Group, Ann Arbor, MI
JOHN D. CHRISTIE,
Logistics Management Institute, Alexandria, VA
ARTHUR FRIES,
Institute for Defense Analyses, Alexandria, VA
STEPHEN POLLOCK,
Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
JESSE H. POORE,
Department of Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
MICHAEL L. COHEN, Study Director
MICHAEL SIRI, Senior Program Assistant
COMMITTEE ON NATIONAL STATISTICS 2004-2005
WILLIAM F. EDDY (Chair),
Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University
KATHARINE ABRAHAM,
Department of Economics, University of Maryland, and Joint Program in Survey Methodology
ROBERT BELL,
AT&T Research Laboratories, Florham Park, NJ
LAWRENCE D. BROWN,
Department of Statistics, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
ROBERT M. GROVES,
Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, and Joint Program in Survey Methodology
JOHN HALTIWANGER,
Department of Economics, University of Maryland
PAUL W. HOLLAND,
Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ
JOEL L. HOROWITZ,
Department of Economics, Northwestern University
DOUGLAS MASSEY,
Department of Sociology, Princeton University
VIJAY NAIR,
Department of Statistics and Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan
DARYL PREGIBON,
Google, Inc., New York
SAMUEL PRESTON,
Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania
KENNETH PREWITT,
School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University
LOUISE RYAN,
Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University
NORA CATE SCHAEFFER,
Department of Sociology, University of Wisconsin–Madison
CONSTANCE F. CITRO, Director
Preface
The Oversight Committee for the Workshop on Testing for Dynamic Acquisition of Defense Systems, formed under the Committee on National Statistics, is grateful to the many individuals that contributed to our work. First, we are greatly indebted to both Thomas Christie, former director, operation test and evaluation, and to Michael Wynne, secretary of the Air Force and former acting under secretary of defense (acquisition, technology and logistics) for providing the financial support for this study. The panel is also greatly indebted to Ernest Seglie, science advisor to the director of operational test and evaluation, and to Nancy Spruill, director, acquisition resources and analysis, for providing continuous assistance both intellectually and administratively that was invaluable for the success of our work. In addition, Bill Keegan and Bob Williams in the Office of the Secretary of Defense were very helpful in assisting in the framing of our work.
All of the invited speakers to the workshop worked hard and provided very important information on the history of evolutionary acquisition, on best practices in industrial system development, and on the defense system milestone process. The speakers are listed in Appendix D. Of these, we would like to thank in particular Thomas Christie; Philip Coyle, Center for Defense Information; Tim Davis, Ford Motor Company; Donald Gaver, Naval Postgraduate School; David Kelly, Battelle; Art Koehler, Procter & Gamble; Katherine Schinasi, U.S. Government Accountability Office; Steve Vardeman, Iowa State University; Alyson Wilson, Los Alamos National Laboratory; and Michael Wynne.
The participants were also very helpful in generating extremely productive floor discussions. In particular, we would like to thank David Maddox for extremely insightful remarks.
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the Report Review Committee of the National Research Council. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.
We thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report: Donald A. Berry, Department of Biostatistics and Applied Mathematics, The University of Texas, Houston; Paul K. Davis, Defense Strategy, RAND Corporation; Timothy P. Davis, Henry Ford Technical Fellow for Quality Engineering, Ford Motor Company; Michael C. Dieckhoff, Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center, Albuquerque; Robert Easterling, Consultant, New Mexico; David M. Maddox, Consultant, Arlington, Virginia; Ronald Manning, Raytheon, Dallas; Daryl Pregibon, Google, Inc., New York; and Stephen B. Vardeman, Statistics and IMSE Departments, Iowa State University.
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Thom J. Hodgson, Industrial Engineering Department, North Carolina State University. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
In the preparation of the report, we would like to thank Michael Siri, for making all the arrangements, formatting the final report, and overall stewardship of the administrative side of the study. Christine McShane expertly served as technical editor, substantially improving the report’s readability. Connie Citro, director of the Committee on National Statistics, and Tom Plewes, staff officer for the committee, were helpful as usual in providing guidance and support whenever needed.
Finally, we would like to thank the oversight committee for their collegiality and readiness to help in all phases of the study. It was a great pleasure working together to produce this report.
Vijay Nair, Chair
Michael L. Cohen, Study Director
Oversight Committee for the Workshop on Testing for Dynamic Acquisition of Defense Systems