A
Study Activities
In late 2004, at the request of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Institute of Medicine (IOM) began a study to review progress and developments since the publication of the IOM’s 1991 report Disability in America and its 1997 report Enabling America. The study was to identify continuing gaps in disability science and propose steps to strengthen the evidence base for public and private actions to reduce the impact of disability and related conditions on individuals and society in the United States. The assessment of principles and scientific evidence for disability policies and services was to take international perspectives and models into account. (Discussions with CDC clarified that this assessment should focus primarily on international efforts to develop a conceptual framework and classification scheme for disability.)
The study’s statement of task identified several specific topics for consideration, including
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methodological and policy issues related to the definition, measurement, and monitoring (surveillance) of disability and health over time;
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trends in the amount, types, and causes of disability;
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aging with disability and secondary health conditions;
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transitions from child/adolescent to adult services and community participation;
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role of assistive technologies and physical environments in increasing participation in society (e.g., through employment, community-based living) of people with disabilities;
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selected questions related to the financing of health care services, including payment for assistive technologies and risk adjustment of managed care and provider payments; and
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directions for research.
For administrative reasons, the study began with a limited set of tasks and the charge to conduct an invitational workshop and prepare a workshop summary report that did not include conclusions and recommendations. In planning the workshop, which was held in August 2005, one objective was to develop information that would be useful in the second phase of the project, which would result in a report with conclusions and recommendations. As discussions about the study progressed, CDC enlisted support for the second phase of the study from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (Department of Education) and the National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (National Institutes of Health).
To oversee the workshop phase of the study, the IOM appointed a 10-member committee. The table of contents for the resulting workshop report is included in Appendix B. The IOM added four additional committee members as part of the study’s second phase.
The study committee met five times between August 2005 and September 2006. In addition to the August 2005 workshop, which provided background on the first four topics, the committee conducted two public meetings and commissioned five background papers (which appear as appendixes to the report). The agendas of the workshop and other public meetings are included below. The committee submitted its report for review under procedures of the National Research Council in December 2006, and the report was released in April 2007.
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE WORKSHOP ON DISABILITY IN AMERICA: AN UPDATE
Keck Center of the National Academies
August 1, 2005
8:30 |
Welcomes and Introductions |
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Alan Jette, Ph.D., Chair |
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Institute of Medicine Committee on Disability in America |
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Jose Cordero, M.D. |
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Director, National Center on Birth Defects and Development |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
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Steven James Tingus, M.S. |
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Director, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research |
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Michael Weinrich, M.D. |
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National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research |
8:45 |
Disability Concepts, Models, and Measures |
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Issues and Questions Involving Adults |
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Gale Whiteneck, Ph.D. |
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Director of Research |
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Craig Hospital |
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Issues and Questions Involving Children and Adolescents |
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Rune Simeonsson, Ph.D. |
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Professor of Education |
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University of North Carolina |
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Research on Environmental Factors |
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Julie Keysor, Ph.D. |
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Assistant Professor of Physical Therapy |
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Boston University Sargent College of Health and |
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Rehabilitation Sciences |
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Discussion |
10:20 |
Break |
10:45 |
Trends in Disability |
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Trends in Disability in Late Life |
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Vicki Freedman, Ph.D. |
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Professor of Health Systems and Policy |
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School of Public Health |
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University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey |
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Trends in Disability in Midlife |
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Jay Bhattacharya, Ph.D. |
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Assistant Professor of Medicine |
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Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research |
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Stanford University |
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Trends in Disability in Early Life |
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Ruth E. K. Stein, M.D. |
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Professor of Pediatrics |
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Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Children’s Hospital at Montefiore |
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Discussion |
Noon |
Lunch |
1:00 |
Aspects of Disability Across the Life Span |
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Risk Factors for Disability in Late Life |
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Jack Guralnik, M.D., Ph.D. |
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Chief, Epidemiology and Demography Section |
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National Institute on Aging |
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Transitions for Adolescents with Disabilities |
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John G. Reiss, Ph.D. |
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Chief, Division of Policy and Program Affairs |
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Institute for Child Health Policy |
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University of Florida College of Medicine |
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Discussion |
2:00 |
Secondary Health Conditions: Concepts, Data, and Examples (Part I) |
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Overview |
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Margaret A. Turk, M.D. |
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Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation |
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State University of New York Upstate Medical University |
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Secondary Health Conditions and Aging with Disability: |
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Consumer Perspective |
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June Kailes, M.S.W. |
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Disability Policy Consultant |
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Effects of Exercise on Specific Secondary Conditions |
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James H. Rimmer, Ph.D. |
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Director, Center on Health Promotion Research for Persons with Disabilities |
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University of Illinois at Chicago |
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Discussion |
3:30 |
Break |
3:50 |
Secondary Health Conditions (Part II) |
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Secondary Conditions with Spinal Cord Injury |
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William A. Bauman, M.D. |
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Professor of Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine |
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Mount Sinai School of Medicine |
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Depression as a Secondary Condition in Adults with Disability |
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Bryan Kemp, Ph.D. |
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Professor of Medicine and Psychology |
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University of California, Irvine |
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Preventing the Progression of Secondary Conditions with |
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Developmental Disabilities |
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Tom Seekins, Ph.D. |
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Director |
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University of Montana Rural Institute |
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Discussion |
Adjourn
*****
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE COMMITTEE ON DISABILITY IN AMERICA: A NEW LOOK
Keck Center of the National Academies
October 5, 2005, Open Session
8:30 |
Welcomes and Introductions |
8:45 |
Discussion with Study Sponsors |
|
Mark Swanson, M.D. |
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Team Leader, Disability and Health Team |
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National Center on Birth Defects and Development |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
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Steven James Tingus, M.S. |
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Director, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research |
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Michael Weinrich, M.D. |
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Director, National Center on Medical Rehabilitation Research |
10:45 |
Adjourn open session |
*****
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE COMMITTEE ON DISABILITY IN AMERICA: A NEW LOOK
Keck Center of the National Academies
January 9, 2006
10:30 |
Welcome and Introductions |
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U.S. Department of Justice |
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Irene Bowen, J.D. |
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Deputy Chief, Disability Rights Section, Civil Rights Division |
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Veterans Health Administration |
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Robert Ruff, M.D., Ph.D. |
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Acting Director, Rehabilitation Research & Development Services |
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services |
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Margaret Giannini, M.D. |
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Director, Office on Disability |
Noon |
Lunch |
1:00 |
Welcome and Introductions |
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American Association of People with Disabilities |
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Andrew J. Imparto |
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President and CEO |
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National Alliance for Caregiving |
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Gail Gibson Hunt |
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President and CEO |
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National Coalition for Assistive and Rehabilitation Technology |
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Rita Hestak |
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President |
1:45 |
American Foundation for the Blind |
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Mark Richert |
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Director of Public Policy |
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Paralyzed Veterans of America |
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Fred Cowell |
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Health Policy Analyst |
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United Cerebral Palsy |
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Stephen Bennett |
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President and CEO |
2:30 |
Break |
3:00 |
American Academy of Pediatrics |
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Paul H. Lipkin, M.D. |
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Chairperson, AAP Council on Children with Disabilities |
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American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation |
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Steve Gnatz, M.D., M.H.A. |
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President |
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American Physical Therapy Association |
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Ken Harwood, P.T., Ph.D. |
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Director, Division of Practice and Research |
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Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America |
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Rory A. Cooper, Ph.D. |
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President |
Adjourn
The following organizations provided written statements: AARP Public Policy Institute, American Spinal Injury Association, and American Association on Mental Retardation.