National Academies Press: OpenBook
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

STRATEGY FOR AN ARMY CENTER FOR NETWORK SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND EXPERIMENTATION

Committee on Strategies for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation

Board on Army Science and Technology

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This study was supported by Contract No. W911NF-06-C0066 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of Defense. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-10696-2

International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-10696-6

Limited copies of this report are available from the Board on Army Science and Technology, National Research Council, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Room 940, Washington, DC 20001, (202) 334-3118.

Additional copies are available from the

National Academies Press,

500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055, (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area), Internet, http://www.nap.edu.

Copyright 2007 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine


The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.


The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering.


The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.


The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.


www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

This page intentionally left blank.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

COMMITTEE ON STRATEGIES FOR NETWORK SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND EXPERIMENTATION

VERNE L. (LARRY) LYNN, Chair,

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (retired)

RAJ K. AGGARWAL,

Rockwell Collins Corporation

A. MICHAEL ANDREWS II,

L-3 Communications

RICHARD L. DUNN, Consultant,

Edgewater, Maryland

GERALD HARRIS,

Global Business Network

JASON F. PROVIDAKES,

MITRE Corporation

ZITA M. SIMUTIS,

U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (retired)

W. DAVID SINCOSKIE,

Telcordia Technologies, Inc.

RONALD L. SMITH,

University of Nevada School of Medicine

Staff

ROBERT J. LOVE, Study Director

HARRISON T. PANNELLA, Senior Program Officer

NIA D. JOHNSON, Senior Program Associate

ALEXANDER R. REPACE, Senior Program Assistant

SARAH E. PELLEGRIN, Senior Program Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

BOARD ON ARMY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

MALCOLM R. O’NEILL, Chair,

Lockheed Martin Corporation (retired), Vienna, Virginia

ALAN H. EPSTEIN, Vice Chair,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

RAJ K. AGGARWAL,

Rockwell Collins, Cedar Rapids, Iowa

SETH BONDER,

The Bonder Group, Ann Arbor, Michigan

JAMES CARAFANO,

The Heritage Foundation, Washington, D.C.

ROBERT L. CATTOI,

Rockwell International Corporation (retired), Dallas, Texas

DARRELL W. COLLIER,

U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command (retired), Leander, Texas

ROBERT R. EVERETT,

MITRE Corporation (retired), New Seabury, Massachusetts

PATRICIA K. FALCONE,

Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California

WILLIAM R. GRAHAM,

National Security Research, Inc. (retired), Arlington, Virginia

PETER F. GREEN,

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

CARL GUERRERI,

Electronic Warfare Associates, Inc., Herndon, Virginia

M. FREDERICK HAWTHORNE,

University of Missouri, Columbia

MARY JANE IRWIN,

Pennsylvania State University, University Park

CLARENCE W. KITCHENS,

Science Applications International Corporation, Vienna, Virginia

LARRY LEHOWICZ,

Quantum Research International, Arlington, Virginia

JOHN W. LYONS,

U.S. Army Research Laboratory (retired), Ellicott City, Maryland

EDWARD K. REEDY,

Georgia Tech Research Institute (retired), Atlanta

DENNIS J. REIMER,

DFI International, Washington, D.C.

W. DAVID SINCOSKIE,

Telcordia Technologies, Inc., Morristown, New Jersey

JUDITH L. SWAIN,

University of California, San Diego

WILLIAM R. SWARTOUT,

Institute for Creative Technologies, Marina del Rey, California

EDWIN L. THOMAS,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

ELLEN D. WILLIAMS,

University of Maryland, College Park

Staff

BRUCE A. BRAUN, Director

CHRIS JONES, Financial Associate

DONNA L. RANDALL, Administrative Coordinator

DEANNA P. SPARGER, Program Administrative Coordinator

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

Preface

The 2005 NRC report Network Science developed a working definition for network science as “the study of network representations of physical, biological, and social phenomena leading to predictive models of these phenomena” (NRC, 2005, p. 2). In this light, network science can be seen as a cornerstone for future military operations and the conduct of network-centric warfare.

The present report, Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation, builds on the Network Science report by evaluating a possible framework for the Army to conduct research, development, test, and evaluation (RDTE) in areas of network science important to the future. The study was conducted in an environment in which changes were well underway to relocate and alter significantly the network science, technology, and experimentation (NSTE) resources of the Army and in which there exist diverse views on effective ways to organize and conduct science and technology (S&T) within a military construct. The overall challenge for the Army is to organize its S&T resources so as to advance NSTE on a broad front while maintaining those relationships and activities that have proven productive.

The statement of task for the study was as follows:


The Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology) (ASAALT) has requested the NRC BAST to conduct a study to define advanced operating models and architectures for future Army laboratories and centers. The NRC will examine several representative centers, and address the following issues:

  1. Consult with the ASAALT Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) Technical Assessment Board to obtain data on organizational goals, functions that support

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

the goals, activities that support the functions, and the disciplines required to support the activities and the critical mass required for each discipline for the network science, technologies, and experimentation center (NSTEC).

  1. Examine the various business models, managerial architectures and manpower needs both current and future for NSTEC, to include the assessment and potential utility of best practices in successful multi-disciplinary research consortiums.

  2. Identify deficiencies in the Army infrastructure for conducting state-of-the-art S&T for network-centric warfare (NCW), and recommend how these should be improved.

  3. Consider the establishment of a world-class user facility with state-of-the-art equipment within the NSTEC to engage the broad community (both civilian and military) doing R&D in networks, both human-engineered and biologically evolved, and situational awareness technologies and systems to further the Transformational goals of NCW. Include the delineation of the core competencies and a detailed manpower analysis (relevant disciplines, critical mass in each area, etc.) for such an organization.

  4. Recommend relocations within existing legal authority to better manage the various assets and resources and to create an improved synergy among them to achieve the goals of NCW.

  5. Explore existing legal authorities, which will enable the Army to best exploit partnerships, alternative funding and sharing of resources with industry through various relationships.

I would like to thank the committee for its hard work in interviewing numerous experts, assessing the pertinent issues, and developing recommendations to address these concerns. The committee in turn is grateful to the many Army personnel engaged in NSTE for the useful information they provided. We also greatly appreciate the support and assistance of the National Research Council staff, which ably assisted the committee in its fact-finding activities and in the production of this report.

Lastly, this study was conducted under the auspices of the NRC Board on Army Science and Technology (BAST). The BAST was established in 1982 as a unit of the National Research Council at the request of the United States Army and brings broad military, industrial, and academic scientific, engineering, and management expertise to bear on technical challenges of importance to senior Army leaders. The Board is not a study committee; rather, it discusses potential study topics, develops and frames study tasks, ensures project planning, suggests potential experts to serve as committee members or reviewers, and convenes meetings to examine strategic issues for the sponsor, the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology).

Although the Board members are listed on page vi of this report, they were not, with the exception of any Board members nominated and appointed to serve

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

as formal members of the study committee, asked to endorse the committee’s conclusions or recommendations, nor did they review final drafts of the report before its release.

Larry Lynn, Chair

Committee on Strategies for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

This page intentionally left blank.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

Frank Doyle, University of California, Santa Barbara,

Charles B. Duke, Xerox Innovation Group (retired),

Paul J. Kern, The Cohen Group,

Larry G. Lehowicz, Quantum Research International,

Richard M. Murray, California Institute of Technology,

Steven L. Schooner, George Washington University Law School,

George T. Singley, Science Applications International Corporation, and

Steven G. Wax, SRI International.


Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Gerald E. Galloway, Jr., University of Maryland, College Park. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

Tables, Figures, and Box

TABLES

S-1

 

Network Areas and Priorities,

 

7

2-1

 

Areas of Network Research of Interest to the Army,

 

17

2-2

 

Examples of Biological and Social (Non-physical) Networks,

 

20

2-3

 

Network Areas and Priorities,

 

24

3-1

 

Current Locations of Army NSTE,

 

31

4-1

 

Elements of NSTEC Infrastructure,

 

46

5-1

 

Comparative Analysis Adapted from RAND E-Delphi Exercise,

 

63

FIGURES

S-1

 

Recommended NSTEC organization,

 

5

2-1

 

Typical communications and information network topology,

 

22

3-1

 

Current Army organizations engaged in NSTE,

 

30

5-1

 

Recommended NSTEC organization,

 

67

BOX

5-1

 

Key Attributes of an Army Science, Technology, and Experimentation Center,

 

56

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

Acronyms and Abbreviations

AMSAA Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity

APG Aberdeen Proving Ground

API application program interface

ARCIC Army Capabilities Integration Center

ARI Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences

ARL Army Research Laboratory

ARO Army Research Office

ASA (ALT) Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics and Technology)

BAST Board on Army Science and Technology

BRAC base realignment and closure

C2 command and control

C2D Command and Control Directorate

C3 command, control, and communications

C3OTM command, control, and communications on-the-move

C4ISR command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance

CERDEC Communications-Electronics Research, Development, and Engineering Center

CIO Chief Information Officer

CISD Computational and Information Sciences Directorate

COIN counterinsurgency

COTS commercial off-the-shelf

Page xvii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

CRADA cooperative research and development agreement

CTA collaborative technology alliance

CTSF central technical support facility

DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DHS Department of Homeland Security

DISN Defense Information Systems Network

DOD Department of Defense

ERDC Engineer Research and Development Center

FAR federal acquisition regulation

FCS Future Combat Systems

FFRDC federally funded research and development center

FGC federal government corporation

GIG Global Information Grid

GIG-BE global information grid-bandwidth expansion

GOCO government-owned, contractor operated

GWOT global war on terrorism

HLD high-level design

HRED Human Research and Engineering Directorate

I2WD Intelligence and Information Warfare Directorate

INFOSEC information security

INSCOM U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command

IP Internet Protocol

IPA Intergovernmental Personnel Act

ISR intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance

IT information technology

ITA international technology alliance

LAN local area network

LCMC life cycle management center

M&S modeling and simulation

MANET mobile ad hoc networks

MLS multi-level security

NACA National Advisory Commission on Aeronautics

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NCO network-centric operations

Page xviii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×

NCW network-centric warfare

NDIA National Defense Industrial Association

NISITA International Technology Alliance in Network and Information Sciences

NRC National Research Council

NRL Naval Research Laboratory

NSA National Security Agency

NSC Natick Soldier Center

NSIF network science integration facility

NSPS national security personnel system

NSTE network science, technology, and experimentation

NSTEC network science, technology, and experimentation center

NVESD Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate

OMB Office of Management and Budget

OSI open system interconnection

PEO program executive officer

PM program manager

QoS quality of service

R&D research and development

RDEC research, development, and engineering center

RDECOM U.S. Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command

RDT&E research, development, test, and evaluation

S&T science and technology

S&TCD Space and Terrestrial Communications Directorate

SCI sensitive compartmented information

SCIF sensitive compartmented information facility

SEDD Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate

TRAC TRADOC Analysis Center

TRADOC Training and Doctrine Command

UARC university-affiliated research center

UAV unmanned aerial vehicle

UGS unattended ground sensor

USAF U.S. Air Force

USN U.S. Navy

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R1
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R2
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R3
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R4
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R5
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R6
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R7
Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R8
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R9
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R10
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R11
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R12
Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R13
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R14
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R15
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R16
Page xvii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R17
Page xviii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2007. Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11904.
×
Page R18
Next: Summary »
Strategy for an Army Center for Network Science, Technology, and Experimentation Get This Book
×
Buy Paperback | $29.00 Buy Ebook | $23.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF
  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  9. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!