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School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children (2010)

Chapter: Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
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Appendix F
Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements

LIST OF TABLES

  • Table F-1 Median Heights and Weights of Male Subjects in the Third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study (SNDA-III) as Compared to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Growth Charts, by Age

  • Table F-2 Median Heights and Weights of Female Subjects in the Third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study (SNDA-III) as Compared to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Growth Charts, by Age

  • Table F-3 Physical Activity Coefficients Corresponding to Physical Activity Levels Used in Calculating the Estimated Energy Intakes of Children Ages 5–18 Years, by Gender

  • Table F-4 Estimated Energy Requirements (EERs) for Children Ages 5–18 Years, by Gender

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
×

TABLE F-1 Median Heights and Weights of Male Subjects in the Third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study (SNDA-III) as Compared to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Growth Charts, by Age

Age (y)

Height (m)

Weight (kg)

SNDAa

CDCb

SNDAa

CDCb

6

1.20

1.15

23.59

20.70

7

1.26

1.22

27.05

23.10

8

1.30

1.28

29.93

25.60

9

1.37

1.34

33.45

28.60

10

1.44

1.39

41.82

31.90

11

1.48

1.44

44.45

35.90

12

1.57

1.49

51.27

40.50

13

1.62

1.56

54.91

45.60

14

1.68

1.64

64.77

51.00

15

1.72

1.70

66.14

56.30

16

1.74

1.74

70.64

60.90

17

1.76

1.75

75.18

64.60

18

1.75

1.76

71.17

67.20

NOTES: kg = kilograms; m = meters; y = years.

SOURCES:

aAnalysis of SNDA-III data (USDA/FNS, 2007a);

bKuczmarski et al., 2000.

TABLE F-2 Median Heights and Weights of Female Subjects in the Third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study (SNDA-III) as Compared to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Growth Charts, by Age

Age (y)

Height (m)

Weight (kg)

SNDAa

CDCb

SNDAa

CDCb

6

1.21

1.15

24.55

20.20

7

1.25

1.21

26.45

22.80

8

1.31

1.28

28.73

25.60

9

1.38

1.33

35.00

29.00

10

1.45

1.38

42.18

32.90

11

1.49

1.44

45.27

37.20

12

1.56

1.51

51.00

41.60

13

1.60

1.57

58.50

45.80

14

1.60

1.60

59.43

49.40

15

1.61

1.62

59.00

52.00

16

1.61

1.63

63.36

53.90

17

1.63

1.63

66.43

55.10

18

1.63

1.63

64.55

56.20

NOTES: kg = kilograms; m = meters; y = years.

SOURCES:

aAnalysis of SNDA-III data (USDA/FNS, 2007a);

bKuczmarski et al., 2000.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
×

TABLE F-3 Physical Activity Coefficients Corresponding to Physical Activity Levels Used in Calculating the Estimated Energy Intakes of Children Ages 5–18 Years, by Gender

Physical Activity Level

Physical Activity Coefficient

Males

Females

Low active

1.13

1.16

Active

1.26

1.31

SOURCE: IOM, 2006.

TABLE F-4 Estimated Energy Requirements (EERs) for Children Ages 5–18 Years, by Gender

Age

EER (calories)

Male

Female

5

1,658

1,557

6

1,742

1,642

7

1,840

1,719

8

1,931

1,810

9

2,043

1,890

10

2,149

1,972

11

1,985

1,813

12

2,113

1,909

13

2,276

1,992

14

2,459

2,036

15

2,618

2,057

16

2,736

2,059

17

2,796

2,042

18

2,823

2,024

SOURCES: Calculated using EER equations from Appendix Table I-8 of IOM, 2002/2005; median height and weight for age and gender from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts (Kuczmarski et al., 2000); and the physical activity coefficient corresponding to the physical activity level for the age group shown in Table F-3 of this appendix.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
×
Page 260
Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
×
Page 261
Suggested Citation:"Appendix F: Data Used to Calculate Estimated Energy Requirements." Institute of Medicine. 2010. School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12751.
×
Page 262
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Ensuring that the food provided to children in schools is consistent with current dietary recommendations is an important national focus. Various laws and regulations govern the operation of school meal programs. In 1995, Nutrition Standards and Meal Requirements were put in place to ensure that all meals offered would be high in nutritional quality.

School Meals reviews and provides recommendations to update the nutrition standard and the meal requirements for the National School Breakfast and Lunch Programs. The recommendations reflect new developments in nutrition science, increase the availability of key food groups in the school meal programs, and allow these programs to better meet the nutritional needs of children, foster healthy eating habits, and safeguard children's health.

School Meals sets standards for menu planning that focus on food groups, calories, saturated fat, and sodium and that incorporate Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the Dietary Reference Intakes. This book will be used as a guide for school food authorities, food producers, policy leaders, state/local governments, and parents.

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