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these goals include flexible geographic scale, integrated components, and affordable and tractable models. ⢠Three distinct models were described. The statewide integrated model includes both aggregate and microsimulation elements. MetroScope, a separate urban model, includes the connection of economic, real estate, and transport models for the Portland metropoli- tan area. Both models include the regional econometric, residential real estate, nonresidential real estate, and transportation models, as well as geographic informa- tion system accounting and visualization. MetroScope is used for long- range land use and transportation studies. The Land Use Scenario DevelopeR (LUSDR) model is a stochastic microsimulation of household and business locations. It connects to the standard Oregon metropoli- tan models (JEMnR) and the Oregon small urban mod- els (OSUM). LUSDR develops land use scenarios used for risk analysis and land use and transportation policy testing. It is being used in small metropolitan area long- range planning studies. ⢠Based on the experience in Oregon with develop- ing and implementing integrated models, a number of key institutional and technical elements can be identified as critical to successful projects. Institutional elements include building internal and external support. One good method to build external support is to identify issues and questions of interest to key stakeholders and to use the model to answer these questions. Focusing early applica- tions around key stakeholder concerns can help build support. Statewide collaboration and coordination with other agencies are also important. Investing in technical staff is critical, especially investing in development of communication skills. Think big, but start small. A good approach is to begin by developing prototypes and build- ing blocks. Focus initially on basic projects and build on successful efforts. The use of short development cycles can also be beneficial. It is also important to design inte- gration with other models and data systems at the outset. Eric Miller, University of Toronto, Canada, moderated this session. 26 INNOVATIONS IN TRAVEL DEMAND MODELING, VOLUME 1