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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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NEURODEGENERATION

EXPLORING COMMONALITIES
ACROSS DISEASES

WORKSHOP SUMMARY

Miriam Davis and Clare Stroud, Rapporteurs

Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders

Board on Health Sciences Policy

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
              OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS  500 Fifth Street, NW  Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The workshop that is the subject of this workshop summary was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

This project was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and the Alzheimer’s Association; CeNeRx Biopharma; the Department of Health and Human Services’ National Institutes of Health (NIH, Contract No. N01-OD-4-2139) through the National Eye Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute on Aging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute on Drug Abuse, and NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research; Department of Veterans Affairs; Eli Lilly and Company; Fast Forward, LLC; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; GE Healthcare, Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline, Inc.; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC; Lundbeck Research USA; Merck Research Laboratories; The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research; the National Science Foundation (Contract No. OIA-0753701); One Mind for Research; Pfizer Inc.; the Society for Neuroscience; and Wellcome Trust. The views presented in this publication do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-28567-4
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-28567-4

Additional copies of this workshop summary are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the IOM home page at: www.iom.edu.

Copyright 2013 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.

Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring commonalities across diseases: Workshop summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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Knowing is not enough; we must apply.
Willing is not enough; we must do.
”      

                                                —Goethe

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INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
              OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advising the Nation. Improving Health.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

 

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

 

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON NEURODEGENERATION: OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLABORATION ACROSS DISEASESPECIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES1

STORY LANDIS (Co-Chair), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

JOHN TROJANOWSKI (Co-Chair), University of Pennsylvania

LUCIE BRUIJN, ALS Association

DON CLEVELAND, University of California, San Diego

JOHN DUNLOP, AstraZeneca

RICHARD HODES, National Institute on Aging

ANDREAS JEROMIN, Banyan Biomarkers

GARETH MAHER-EDWARDS, GlaxoSmithKline, Inc.

LENNART MUCKE, University of California, San Francisco

KATHIE OLSEN, ScienceWorks

ALEXANDER OMMAYA, Department of Veterans Affairs

ANDREW SINGLETON, National Institute on Aging

WILLIAM THIES, Alzheimer’s Association

IOM Staff

 

CLARE STROUD, Program Officer

SHEENA M. POSEY NORRIS, Research Associate (from January 2013)

TONIA E. DICKERSON, Senior Program Assistant

 

1 Institute of Medicine planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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FORUM ON NEUROSCIENCE AND NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS1

STEVEN HYMAN (Chair), The Broad Institute

SUSAN AMARA, Society for Neuroscience

MARC BARLOW, GE Healthcare, Inc.

MARK BEAR, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

KATJA BROSE, Neuron

DANIEL BURCH, PPD

C. THOMAS CASKEY, Baylor College of Medicine

TIMOTHY COETZEE, Fast Forward, LLC

EMMELINE EDWARDS, NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research

MARTHA FARAH, University of Pennsylvania

RICHARD FRANK, GE Healthcare, Inc.

DANIEL GESCHWIND, University of California, Los Angeles

HANK GREELY, Stanford University

MYRON GUTMANN, National Science Foundation

RICHARD HODES, National Institute on Aging

THOMAS INSEL, National Institute of Mental Health

PHILLIP IREDALE, Pfizer Global Research and Development

DANIEL JAVITT, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research

FRANCES JENSEN, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

STORY LANDIS, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

ALAN LESHNER, American Association for the Advancement of Science

HUSSEINI MANJI, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Inc.

DAVID MICHELSON, Merck Research Laboratories

RICHARD MOHS, Lilly Research Laboratories

ALEXANDER OMMAYA, Department of Veterans Affairs

ATUL PANDE, GlaxoSmithKline, Inc.

STEVEN PAUL, Weill Cornell Medical College

TODD SHERER, The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research

PAUL SIEVING, National Eye Institute

JUDITH SIUCIAK, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health

MARC TESSIER-LEVIGNE, The Rockefeller University

WILLIAM THIES, Alzheimer’s Association

NORA VOLKOW, National Institute on Drug Abuse

 

1 Institute of Medicine forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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KENNETH WARREN, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

JOHN WILLIAMS, Wellcome Trust

STEVIN ZORN, Lundbeck USA

CHARLES ZORUMSKI, Washington University School of Medicine

IOM Staff

 

BRUCE M. ALTEVOGT, Forum Director

DIANA E. PANKEVICH, Program Officer

SHEENA M. POSEY NORRIS, Research Associate (from January 2013)

ELIZABETH K. THOMAS, Senior Program Assistant (until November 2012)

RACHEL J. KIRKLAND, Senior Program Assistant (from February 2013)

LORA TAYLOR, Financial Associate

DONNA RANDALL, Administrative Assistant

ANDREW M. POPE, Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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Reviewers

This workshop summary has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published workshop summary as sound as possible and to ensure that the workshop summary meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this workshop summary:

 

Lucie Bruijn, ALS Association

John Dunlop, AstraZeneca Neuroscience

Fen-Biao Gao, University of Massachusetts Medical School

Serge Przedborski, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center

 

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this workshop summary was overseen by Joseph Coyle, Harvard Medical School. Appointed by the Institute of Medicine, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this workshop summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this workshop summary rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2013. Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18341.
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Neurodegeneration: Exploring Commonalities Across Diseases is the summary of a workshop hosted by the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders in Spring 2012 to explore commonalities across neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Participants from academia; pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries; government agencies such as the National Institutes of Health and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA); patient advocacy groups; and private foundations presented and identified potential opportunities for collaboration across the respective research and development communities. This report identifies and discusses commonalities related to genetic and cellular mechanisms, identifies areas of fundamental science needed to facilitate therapeutics development, and explores areas of potential collaboration among the respective research communities.

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ALS, and FTD, are becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States due to an aging population. Implications are grave for quality of life and health care costs. Research on neurodegenerative diseases has expanded greatly over the past four decades. Nevertheless, fundamental questions remain about the biology of these diseases, and further insights into the mechanisms of these diseases would help to inform the development of effective means to prevent and to efficiently treat them. Recent findings have revealed certain commonalities in genetic and cellular mechanisms across neurodegenerative diseases. These findings suggest that it might be valuable - at least in some cases - to change the traditional way of studying these diseases by no longer seeing each as an independent entity, but rather as clinical variants of common cellular and molecular biological defects. This approach could help enhance basic scientific understanding of neurodegenerative disease, and could help with the development of biomarkers and new therapeutics.

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