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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2014. Health Impact Assessment of Shale Gas Extraction: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18376.
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Page 141
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2014. Health Impact Assessment of Shale Gas Extraction: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18376.
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Page 142

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C Acronyms AMCV air monitoring comparison value ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry AutoGC auto gas chromatography bcfd billion cubic feet per day CAS Chemical Abstract Services CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention DFW Dallas–Fort Worth EIS environmental impact statement EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency GAO U.S. Government Accountability Office GWP global warming potential HAP hazardous air pollutant HI hazard index HIA health impact assessment HQ hazard quotient ICMM International Council on Mining and Metals IFC International Finance Corporation IOM Institute of Medicine kWh kilowatt-hour MCF thousand cubic feet MSETC Marcellus Shale Education & Training Center 141

142 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SHALE GAS EXTRACTION NCEH National Center for Environmental Health NIEHS National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences NIH National Institutes of Health NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NORM naturally occurring radioactive material NOx nitrogen oxides NRC National Research Council OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PM particulate matter ppb parts per billion RfC reference concentration SO2 sulfur dioxide STEPS Service, Transmission, Exploration, and Production Safety Network TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality USGS U.S. Geological Survey VMT vehicle miles traveled VOC volatile organic compound

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Natural gas extraction from shale formations, which includes hydraulic fracturing, is increasingly in the news as the use of extraction technologies has expanded, rural communities have been transformed seemingly overnight, public awareness has increased, and regulations have been developed. The governmental public health system, which retains primary responsibility for health, was not an early participant in discussions about shale gas extraction; thus public health is lacking critical information about environmental health impacts of these technologies and is limited in its ability to address concerns raised by regulators at the federal and state levels, communities, and workers employed in the shale gas extraction industry.

Health Impact Assessment of Shale Gas Extraction is the summary of a workshop convened in 2012 by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine to discuss the human health impact of shale gas extraction through the lens of a health impact assessment. Eminent scientists, physicians, public health experts, and representatives from government agencies at federal and state levels, from nongovernment organizations, from the business sector, and from interest groups representing the interests of the citizens met to exchange ideas and to inform on hydraulic fracturing as a means of extraction of natural gas. This report examines the state of the science regarding shale gas extraction, the direct and indirect environmental health impacts of shale gas extraction, and the use of health impact assessment as a tool that can help decision makers identify the public health consequences of shale gas extraction.

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