Big Data in
Materials Research
and Development
SUMMARY OF A WORKSHOP
Maureen Mellody, Rapporteur
Defense Materials Manufacturing and Infrastructure Standing Committee
Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
This study was supported by Contract/Grant No. W911NF-11-C-0212 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of Defense. Any opinions, findings, or conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-30379-8
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-30379-6
Cover image: Big Data is partially driven by today’s ever increasing ability to electronically generate and store data. Big Data is also requiring ever increasing computational power to fully mine and understand the data. Thus, beside Big Data itself, at the core of this topic is today’s materials research and development enabling the bootstrapping of the complex electronic materials needed for the computations. Artist: Erik Svedberg. Image created electronically and algorithmically.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine
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PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR WORKSHOP ON BIG DATA IN MATERIALS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
MICHAEL F. McGRATH, Analytic Services, Inc., Chair
VALERIE BROWNING, ValTech Solutions, LLC
JESUS M. DE LA GARZA, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech)
ROSARIO GERHARDT, Georgia Institute of Technology
PAUL KERN, U.S. Army (retired)
ROBERT H. LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates
E. WARD PLUMMER, Louisiana State University
ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, GE Aviation
DENISE F. SWINK, Independent Consultant
HAYDN N.G. WADLEY, University of Virginia
Staff
JAMES LANCASTER, Acting Director
ERIK B. SVEDBERG, Senior Program Officer
MAUREEN MELLODY, Rapporteur
JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Project Assistant
DEFENSE MATERIALS MANUFACTURING AND INFRASTRUCTURE STANDING COMMITTEE
MICHAEL F. McGRATH, Analytic Services, Inc., Chair
VALERIE BROWNING, ValTech Solutions, LLC
JESUS M. DE LA GARZA, Virginia Tech
ROSARIO GERHARDT, Georgia Institute of Technology
PAUL KERN, U.S. Army (retired)
ROBERT H. LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates
E. WARD PLUMMER, Louisiana State University
ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, GE Aviation
DENISE F. SWINK, Independent Consultant
HAYDN N.G. WADLEY, University of Virginia
Staff
JAMES LANCASTER, Acting Director
ERIK B. SVEDBERG, Senior Program Officer
HEATHER LOZOWSKI, Financial Associate
JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Project Assistant
Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
David Aspnes (NAS), North Carolina State University,
Valerie Browning, ValTech Solutions, LLC,
Jesus de la Garza, Virginia Tech, and
Sylvia Johnson, NASA Ames Research Center.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the views presented at the workshop, nor did they see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this workshop summary was overseen by David W. Johnson, Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Appointed by the NRC, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this workshop summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this summary rests entirely with the author and the institution.
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Contents
Data Size: “Big Data” vs. Data
Quality and Veracity of Data and Models
Data and Metadata Ontology and Formats
Metadata and Model Availability
SESSION 1: INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA
Frontiers in Massive Data Analysis and Their Implementation
SESSION 2: BIG DATA ISSUES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Materials Genome Initiative and Big Data
General Electric Efforts in Materials Data: Development of the ICME-Net