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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academy of Engineering. 2014. Making a World of Difference: Engineering Ideas into Reality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18966.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academy of Engineering. 2014. Making a World of Difference: Engineering Ideas into Reality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18966.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academy of Engineering. 2014. Making a World of Difference: Engineering Ideas into Reality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18966.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academy of Engineering. 2014. Making a World of Difference: Engineering Ideas into Reality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18966.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academy of Engineering. 2014. Making a World of Difference: Engineering Ideas into Reality. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18966.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

“The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000,” Nobel Media “The Emergence of the Compact Disc,” Ray W. Clough and Edward L. Wilson, “Early Finite REFERENCES AB 2014, http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/ physics/laureates/2000/. Communications Magazine, IEEE, no. 48 (January 2010), 10–17, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login. Element Research at Berkeley,” Fifth U.S. National Conference on Computational Mechanics, August jsp?tp=&arnumber=5394021. 4–6, 1999, http://www.ce.memphis.edu/7111/notes/ “The Integrated Circuit: 1961–Present,” Chips Etc., class_notes/papers/fe-history.pdf. http://www.chipsetc.com/the-integrated-circuit.html. Lasers in Ophthalmology: Basic, Diagnostic, and Surgical Aspects: A Review, ed. Franz Fankhauser and “707 Family,” Boeing, http://www.boeing.com/boeing/ Brian Bergstein, “Fortran Creator John Backus Dies,” 1964: Dawn of the Digital Age Associated Press, March 20, 2007, http://www. Sylwia Kwasniewska (The Hague: Kugler Publications, 2003), 115. commercial/707family/index.page. Introduction nbcnews.com/id/17704662/#.U46i65RdUY0. “Boeing 727-223,” Museum of Flight, http://www. “A History of the Laser,” National Laser Company, museumofflight.org/aircraft/boeing-727-223. George Constable and Bob Somerville, A Century of “Scientific Computing’s Future: Can Any Coding http://www.national-laser.com/laser-history.htm. Innovation: Twenty Engineering Achievements That Language Top a 1950s Behemoth?” Ars Technica, “Table 1-40: U.S. Passenger Miles (Millions),” Bureau Transformed Our Lives (Washington, DC: National May 7, 2014, http://arstechnica.com/science/2014/05/ “Charles H. Townes–Biographical,” Nobel Media of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department Academy of Engineering and Joseph Henry Press, scientific-computings-future-can-any-coding- AB 2014, http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/ of Transportation, http://www.rita.dot.gov/bts/ 2003), 10. language-top-a-1950s-behemoth/. physics/laureates/1964/townes-bio.html. sites/rita.dot.gov.bts/files/publications/national_ transportation_statistics/html/table_01_40.html. “Grace Murray Hopper,” http://www.cs.yale.edu/ http://www.laserfest.org/lasers/history/early.cfm. homes/tap/Files/hopper-story.html. Electronics: Smaller, Faster, Cheaper “A History of the Laser,” National Laser Company. “COBOL: Introduction,” National Museum of American The World at Home: “ENIAC: Celebrating Penn Engineering History,” Penn “Argon Laser Photocoagulation in the Management of History, http://americanhistory.si.edu/cobol/ The Environmental Challenge Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, http://www.seas. introduction. Retinal Detachment and Predisposing Lesions,” Lasers upenn.edu/about-seas/eniac/operation.php. in Surgery and Medicine (1984), http://www.ncbi.nlm. “Paul Muller–Biographical,” Nobel Media AB 2014, Time-Life Books, Software (Alexandria, VA: 1990), nih.gov/pubmed/6542963. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/ Time-Life Books, Computer Basics (Alexandria, VA: 1985), 27–28. laureates/1948/muller-bio.html. 59–60. “The Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-8, Frequently “How Important Was Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring in “Programming the ENIAC,” Columbia University The World Above and Beyond: Asked Questions,” The PDP-8 Collection by Douglas the Recovery of Bald Eagles and Other Bird Species?” Computing History, http://www.columbia.edu/cu/ Space Exploration W. Jones, The University of Iowa, Department of Scientific American, August 21, 2012, http://www. computinghistory/eniac.html 2/6. Computer Science, http://homepage.cs.uiowa. Constable and Somerville, A Century of Innovation, scientificamerican.com/article/rachel-carson-silent- edu/~jones/pdp8/faqs/. 134–41. spring-1972-ddt-ban-birds-thrive/. “John Bardeen, William Shockley,Walter Brattain: Invention of the Transistor–Bell Laboratories,” American “PDP-1 Restoration Project,” Computer History Paul Dickson, “Sputnik’s Impact on America,” “The Pine River Statement: Human Health Physical Society, 2008, http://www.aps.org/programs/ Museum, http://pdp-1.computerhistory.org/pdp-1/ excerpted from Sputnik: The Shock of the Century Consequences of DDT Use,” Environmental Health outreach/history/historicsites/transistor.cfm. index.php?f=theme&s=1. (Walker and Company: 2001), http://www.pbs.org/ Perspectives (2009), http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ wgbh/nova/space/sputnik-impact-on-america.html. pmc/articles/PMC2737010/. “The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956,” Nobel Media AB “DEC’s Blockbuster: The PDP-8,” Computer History 2013, http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/ Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/ “Rocket Principles,” NASA, http://exploration.grc.nasa. “DDT–A Brief History and Status,” U.S. Environmental laureates/1956/. minicomputers/11/331. gov/education/rocket/TRCRocket/rocket_principles. Protection Agency, http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/ html. factsheets/chemicals/ddt-brief-history-status.htm. “CDC 6600’s Five-Year Reign,” Computer History “DEC PDP-11: Benchmark for the First 16/32-Bit Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/ Generation,” CPUShack.com, http://www.cpushack. Paul E. Ceruzzi, Beyond the Limits: Flight Enters the “Clean Air Act, United States,” The Encyclopedia of supercomputers/10/33. com/CPU/cpu3.html. Computer Age (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press: 1989), Earth, http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/151129/. “The History of Supercomputers,” ExtremeTech, April 10, 94–105. “PDP-7 Definition,” Linux Information Project (20005– Sharon Bertsch McGrayne, Prometheans in the Lab: 2012, http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/125271-the- 2007), http://www.linfo.org/pdp-7.html. “Syncom 3,” NASA, http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/ Chemistry and the Making of the Modern World (New history-of-supercomputers. spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-047A. York: McGraw-Hill, 2001), 79–105. Digital at Work: Snapshots from the First Thirty- “The Genius: Meet Seymour Cray, Father of the Five Years, ed. Jamie Parker Pearson (Burlington, “History of the NOAA Satellite Program,” National George R. Tilton, Clair Cameron Patterson, 1922–1995, Supercomputer,” Businessweek, 1990 (updated 1997), MA: Digital Press, 1992), http://www.soemtron.org/ Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (updated A Biographical Memoir (Washington, DC: National http://www.businessweek.com/1989-94/pre88/b31571. downloads/decinfo/decdigitalatwork1992-102630350. June 2011), http://www.osd.noaa.gov/download/ Academy of Sciences and National Academy Press, htm. pdf. JRS012504-GD.pdf. 1998), http://www.nasonline.org/publications/ biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/patterson-clair-c. “Heavyweights of the Supercomputing World,” Rick W. Sturdevant, “NAVSTAR, the Global Positioning pdf. TechRadar, February 1, 2009, http://www.techradar.com/ System: A Sampling of Its Military, Civil, and news/computing/heavyweights-of-the-supercomputing- Harnessing Light: Commercial Impact,” in Societal Impact of Spaceflight, Patterson, Clair. Interview by Shirley K. Cohen. world-515223. The Power of Lasers and Fiber Optics ed. 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“CPSC Announces Final Ban on Lead-containing Paint,” U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission 1989: The Shrinking Globe “The History of Email,” http://www.nethistory.info/ History%20of%20the%20Internet/email.html. “Carl D. Keith, a Father of the Catalytic Converter, Dies at 88,” New York Times, November 15, 2008, (September 2, 1977), http://www.cpsc.gov/en/ Introduction http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/15/us/15keith.html. “Batch processing,” Startup, New Mexico Museum Recalls/1977/CPSC-Announces-Final-Ban-On-Lead- Jarle Simensen, “Democracy and Globalization: 1989 of Natural History and Sciences, http://startup. “Historical Evolution of Powered Vehicles and Catalytic Containing-Paint/. and ‘The Third Wave,’” Journal of World History 10, no. nmnaturalhistory.org/gallery/story.php?ii=39. 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“U.S. Nuclear Generating Statistics,” Nuclear Energy Knowing Ourselves: “Sequencing Human Genome: The Contributions of “Fast Internet Is Chattanooga’s New Locomotive,” New Institute (updated April 2014), http://www.nei.org/ Biomedical Engineering Francis Collins and Craig Venter,” Nature Education York Times, February 4, 2014, http://www.nytimes. Knowledge-Center/Nuclear-Statistics/US-Nuclear- 1(1):133, http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/ com/2014/02/04/technology/fast-internet-service- Power-Plants/US-Nuclear-Generating-Statistics. “Paul Berg Creates First Recombinant DNA Molecules,” speeds-business-development-in-chattanooga. sequencing-human-genome-the-contributions-of- Genetics and Genomics Timeline, Genome News html?ref=todayspaper&_r=0. francis-686. Network, http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/ resources/timeline/1972_Berg.php. J. Craig Venter Biography, http://www.jcvi.org/cms/ “New Study Quantifies Use of Social Media in Arab Building for Safety about/bios/jcventer/. 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“Professor Ferdinand Porsche Created the First “Gas Pains,” Conservation, June 2013, “Fatality Analysis Reporting System,” National A World of Embedded Intelligence Functional Hybrid Car,” Porsche Press Release, April http:conservationmagazine.org/2013/06/gas-pains/. Highway Safety Traffic Administration, 20, 2011, http://press.porsche.com/news/release. http://www-fars.nhtsa.dot.gov/Main/index.aspx. “Auto Correct: Has the Self-Driving Car At Last php?id=642. Arrived?” The New Yorker, November 2013, http:// www.newyorker.com/reporting/2013/11/25/131125fa_ Renewable Energy “Cars of Futures Past,” Hemmings Daily, August fact_bilger?currentPage=all. “Sick Water? The Central Role of Waste-Water 15, 2013, http://blog.hemmings.com/index. “The 10 Biggest Turbines in the World,” Wind Power Management in Sustainable Development.” United Dr. Leah H. Jamieson, John A. 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“Cheap Hydrogen from Sunlight and Water,” “10 Projections for the Global Population in 2050,” Technology Review, 2013, http://www Pew Research Center, http://www.pewresearch.org/ PHOTO CREDITS technologyreview.com/news/521671/cheap- fact-tank/2014/02/03/10-projections-for-the-global- hydrogen-from-sunlight-and-water/. population-in-2050/. Page 1, (top left) Victor R. Boswell, Jr./National Geographic/Getty Images, (top right) Toria/Shutterstock, (bottom left) diversepixel/Shutterstock, (bottom right) wellphoto/ “DOE Energy Innovation Hubs,” U.S. Department of “Planning the City of the Future,” News Briefing, AAAS Shutterstock; page 2, Courtesy University of Maryland; page 4, Songquan Deng/ Energy, http://science.energy.gov/bes/research/ Annual Meeting, 2014, http://www.eurekalert.org/ Shutterstock; page 5, (left) © CORBIS, (right) Creative Commons Share-alike; page 6, doe-energy-innovation-hubs/. aaasnewsroom/2014/watchbriefing.php?page=26. (top left) Creative Commons Share-alike, (top right) Courtesy of the Computer History Dr. Cherry Murray, dean of the Harvard School of “Is There a Limit to How Tall Buildings Can Get?” Museum, (bottom left) Elle1/Shutterstock; page 7, (top right) AP Photo/IBM, (middle left) Engineering and Applied Sciences, and John A. and Atlantic CityLab, 2012, http://www.citylab.com/ Courtesy Texas Instruments, (middle right) Official U.S. Navy Photograph/NHHC, (bottom Elizabeth S. Armstrong Professor of Engineering and design/2012/08/there-limit-how-tall-buildings-can- left) © Mark Richards/Courtesy of the Computer History Museum, (bottom right) Creative Applied Sciences, interview with John A. Carey, May get/2963/. Commons Share-alike; page 8, (bottom left) Rauner Library, Dartmouth College, (middle) 2014. Courtesy of the Computer History Museum, (top right) Courtesy of the Computer History Charles O. 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Karen Kasmauski/CORBIS; page 28, (top left) National Human Genome Research Institute, Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, (top right) J. Craig Venter Institute, (bottom left) Organogenesis, Inc., (bottom right) Tony interview with John A. Carey, December 2013. “Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud,” NASA, Solar System Taylor Stock/Shutterstock; page 29, PHOTOCREO Michal Bednarek/Shutterstock; page 30, Exploration, http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/ (left) Tim McNerney/Intel Museum/Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share “Karl Deisseroth, MD, PhD,” Howard Hughes Medical profile.cfm?Object=KBOs&Display=OverviewLong. Alike 3.0 License, (right) ChrisVanLennepPhoto/Shutterstock; page 31, Creative Commons Institute, http://www.hhmi.org/scientists/karl- “The FOCAL Mission: To the Sun’s Gravity Lens,” Share-alike; page 32, (bottom left) Wikipedia/Creative Commons Share-alike, (bottom deisseroth. 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Shutterstock, (middle) Picsfive/Shutterstock, (right) Reproduced with permission of html. “Interstellar Journey: Shrinking the Probe,” Centauri Medtronic, Inc.; page 42, (left) JHU/APL, (right) Maksim Vivtsaruk/Shutterstock; page Dreams, July 14, 2014, http://www.centauri-dreams. 43, (top left) Sura Nualpradid/Shutterstock, (top right) Maksim Vivtsaruk/Shutterstock, “World Population Prospects,” United Nations, 2013, (bottom) otiki/Shutterstock; page 44, Sarah Holmlund/Shutterstock; page 46, (left top) http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Documentation/pdf/ org/?p=31049. Wikipedia/Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, (left bottom) AP Photo/Jon Super, WPP2012_HIGHLIGHTS.pdf. “Space Exploration for Everyone,” http:// (right) HP Labs; page 47, (top left) Slavoljub Pantelic/Shutterstock, (top right) DARPA/ pocketspacecraft.com/. US Government, (middle right) Photo by PHC(NAO) Chris Desmond COMNAVCRUITCOM, Dr. David Messerschmitt, Roger A. 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Fifty years ago, the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) was founded by the stroke of a pen when the National Academy of Sciences Council approved the NAE's articles of organization. Making a World of Difference commemorates the NAE anniversary with a collection of essays that highlight the prodigious changes in people's lives that have been created by engineering over the past half century and consider how the future will be similarly shaped. Over the past 50 years, engineering has transformed our lives literally every day, and it will continue to do so going forward, utilizing new capabilities, creating new applications, and providing ever-expanding services to people. The essays of Making a World of Difference discuss the seamless integration of engineering into both our society and our daily lives, and present a vision of what engineering may deliver in the next half century.

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