National Academies Press: OpenBook
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
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SEA CHANGE

2015-2025
Decadal Survey
of Ocean Sciences

Committee on Guidance for NSF on National Ocean Science Research Priorities: Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences

Ocean Studies Board

Division of Earth and Life Studies

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
                          OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS     500 Fifth Street, NW     Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Funding for this study was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant number OCE-1341319. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-36688-5
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-36688-7
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015937043

Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

Copyright 2015 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
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COMMITTEE ON GUIDANCE FOR NSF ON NATIONAL OCEAN SCIENCE RESEARCH PRIORITIES: DECADAL SURVEY FOR OCEAN SCIENCES

Shirley A. Pomponi, Co-Chair, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute-Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce

David W. Titley, Co-Chair, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Edward Boyle, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

Melbourne Briscoe, OceanGeeks, LLC, Alexandria, Virginia

Russ E. Davis, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California

Margo Edwards, University of Hawaii at Manoa

Mary (Missy) H. Feeley, ExxonMobil Exploration Company (retired), Houston, Texas

Donald Forsyth, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island

Peter Liss, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom, and Texas A&M University, College Station

Susan Lozier, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

Roberta Marinelli, University of Southern California, Los Angeles

James J. McCarthy, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

Alan Mix, Oregon State University, Corvallis

Steven A. Murawski, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg

Robert T. Paine, University of Washington, Seattle

Charles Paull, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, California

Don Walsh, International Maritime Incorporated, Myrtle Point, Oregon

Bess B. Ward, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey

James A. Yoder, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts

William R. Young, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California

Ocean Studies Board Staff

Deborah Glickson, Study Director

Susan Roberts, Board Director

Payton Kulina, Senior Program Assistant

Stacee Karras, Research Associate

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
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OCEAN STUDIES BOARD

Robert A. Duce, Chair, Texas A&M University, College Station

E. Virginia Armbrust, University of Washington, Seattle

Kevin R. Arrigo, Stanford University, California

Claudia Benitez-Nelson, University of South Carolina, Columbia

Edward A. Boyle, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

Rita R. Colwell, University of Maryland, College Park

Sarah W. Cooksey, State of Delaware, Dover

Cortis K. Cooper, Chevron Corporation, San Ramon, California

Robert Hallberg, NOAA/GFDL and Princeton University, New Jersey

David Halpern, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California

Susan E. Humphris, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts

Bonnie J. McCay, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey

Steven A. Murawski, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg

John A. Orcutt, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California

H. Tuba Özkan-Haller, Oregon State University, Corvallis

Steven E. Ramberg, Penn State Applied Research Lab, Washington, DC

Martin D. Smith, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

Margaret Spring, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, California

Don Walsh, International Maritime Incorporated, Myrtle Point, Oregon

Douglas Wartzok, Florida International University, Miami

Lisa D. White, University of California, Berkeley, and San Francisco State University

Staff

Susan Roberts, Board Director

Deborah Glickson, Senior Program Officer

Claudia Mengelt, Senior Program Officer

Stacee Karras, Research Associate

Pamela Lewis, Administrative Coordinator

Shubha Banskota, Financial Associate

Payton Kulina, Senior Program Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
×

Acknowledgments

This report was greatly enhanced by the efforts of those who participated in committee meetings, attended town halls, provided information to the committee, and assisted with successful meetings. The committee would like to acknowledge Art Allen (U.S. Coast Guard), Jon Alberts (University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System), Holly Bamford (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA]), Anjuli Bamzai (National Science Foundation [NSF]), Jack Barth (Oregon State University), Jeff Bingham (congressional staff), Paula Bontempi (National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA]), Scott Borg (NSF), Natalie Bruso (University of Hawaii at Manoa), RADM Nevin Carr (retired, U.S. Navy), Charlie Chestnutt (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers), Tim Cowles (Ocean Leadership), Beth Curry (University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory), Paul Cutler (NSF), John Delaney (University of Washington), Annette DeSilva (University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System), Tommy Dickey (University of California, Santa Barbara), Paul Digiacomo (NOAA’s Satellite and Information Service), Tom Drake (Office of Naval Research [ONR]), John Farrell (U.S. Arctic Research Commission), Sarah Giddings (Scripps Institution of Oceanography [SIO]), Peter Girguis (Harvard University), Rebecca Green (Bureau of Ocean Energy Management [BOEM]), John Haines (U.S. Geological Survey), Frank Herr (ONR), Susan Humphris (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution [WHOI]), Martin Jeffries (ONR), Walter Johnson (BOEM), Rebecca Lent (Marine Mammal Commission), Naomi Levine (University of Southern California), Eric Lindstrom (NASA), Kim Martini (University of Washington), Kathleen McNeil (NOAA/National Weather Service), Brian Melzian (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), Richard Merrick (NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service), Allison Miller (Schmidt Ocean Institute), Berrien Moore III (University of Oklahoma), John Orcutt (SIO), Peter Ortner (University of Miami), Leonard Pace (Schmidt Ocean Institute), Jamie Pierson (University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science), Al Plueddemann (WHOI), Helmut Portmann (NOAA National Data Buoy Center), David Score (NOAA), Simon Stephenson (NSF), Steven Squyres (Cornell University), Jason Sylvan (University of Southern California), Andrew Thompson (California Institute of Technology), Woody Turner (NASA), Jennifer Wade (NSF), Chuck Wilson (Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative), Carl Wunsch (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Bill Zamer (NSF), and Victor Zykov (Schmidt Ocean Institute).

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in their review of this report:

KEIR BECKER, University of Miami

CLAUDIA BENITEZ-NELSON, University of South Carolina

PETER BREWER, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

WILLIAM CURRY, Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences

KENDRA DALY, University of South Florida

EDWARD DELONG, University of Hawaii at Manoa

ROBERT DETRICK, Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology

CHRISTOPHER GARRETT, retired

JACQUELINE GREBMEIER, University of Maryland

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2015. Sea Change: 2015-2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21655.
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STEVEN LOHRENZ, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth

JAMES MCWILLIAMS, University of California, Los Angeles

TERRY PLANK, Columbia University

MARTIN VISBECK, Kiel University

ROBERT WINOKUR, retired

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by David Karl, University of Hawaii at Manoa, appointed by the Division on Earth and Life Studies, and Michael Kavanaugh, Geosyntec Consultants, appointed by the Report Review Committee, who were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

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Ocean science connects a global community of scientists in many disciplines - physics, chemistry, biology, geology and geophysics. New observational and computational technologies are transforming the ability of scientists to study the global ocean with a more integrated and dynamic approach. This enhanced understanding of the ocean is becoming ever more important in an economically and geopolitically connected world, and contributes vital information to policy and decision makers charged with addressing societal interests in the ocean.

Science provides the knowledge necessary to realize the benefits and manage the risks of the ocean. Comprehensive understanding of the global ocean is fundamental to forecasting and managing risks from severe storms, adapting to the impacts of climate change, and managing ocean resources. In the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) is the primary funder of the basic research which underlies advances in our understanding of the ocean. Sea Change addresses the strategic investments necessary at NSF to ensure a robust ocean scientific enterprise over the next decade. This survey provides guidance from the ocean sciences community on research and facilities priorities for the coming decade and makes recommendations for funding priorities.

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