National Academies Press: OpenBook
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
×

Scaling Program Investments for
Young Children Globally:
Evidence from Latin America
and the Caribbean

Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the
National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto
Vidigal, São Paolo

Deepali M. Patel and Sarah M. Tracey, Rapporteurs

Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally

Board on Children, Youth, and Families

Board on Global Health

                INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE AND       
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
                         OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.

www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS     500 Fifth Street, NW     Washington, DC 20001

NOTICE: The workshop that is the subject of this workshop summary was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and the Accordia Global Health Foundation; the Aga Khan Foundation (unnumbered); Autism Speaks (unnumbered award); the Bernard van Leer Foundation (222-2012-043); The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1084405); the Fraser Mustard Institute for Human Development; Grand Challenges Canada (unnumbered); the Inter-American Development Bank (unnumbered); the Jacobs Foundation (2013-1079); the National Institutes of Health—Fogarty International Center, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and National Institute of Mental Health; Nestlé Nutrition Institute (unnumbered); Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE); the Open Society Institute–Budapest Foundation (OR2013-10010); the Society for Research in Child Development (unnumbered); UNICEF (unnumbered); U.S. Agency for International Development; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Department of State (SAQMMA14M0612); Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal (unnumbered); the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (2013-9204); and the World Bank (unnumbered). The views presented in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the activity.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-37412-5
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-37412-X

Additional copies of this workshop summary are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

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Copyright 2015 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.

Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine) and National Research Council (NRC). 2015. Scaling program investments for young children globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a joint workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.

www.national-academies.org

 

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON FINANCING
INVESTMENTS IN YOUNG CHILDREN GLOBALLY1

CONSTANZA ALARCÓN (Co-Chair), Coordinator of the National Early Childhood Strategy, Presidency of the Republic, Colombia

EDUARDO QUEIROZ (Co-Chair), Executive Director, Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal

AMINA ABUBAKAR ALI, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research—Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme

RAQUEL BERNAL, Associate Professor and Director of the Center for Research on Economic Development, Universidad de los Andes

FLORENCIA LOPEZ BOO, Social Protection Economist Senior Specialist, Inter-American Development Bank

JOAN LOMBARDI, Senior Advisor, Bernard van Leer Foundation

RUTH PEROU, Acting U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Mental Health Coordinator, Program Performance and Evaluation Office, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

SUSAN WALKER, Professor of Nutrition and Director, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Epidemiology Research Unit, University of the West Indies

_____________

1 Institute of Medicine planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
×

FORUM ON INVESTING IN YOUNG CHILDREN GLOBALLY1

ZULFIQAR A. BHUTTA (Co-Chair), Co-director, SickKids Centre for Global Child Health, Toronto, and Founding Director, Center of Excellence for Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University

ANN S. MASTEN (Co-Chair), Distinguished McKnight University Professor, Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis

J. LAWRENCE ABER, Willner Family Professor of Psychology and Public Policy, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development and University Professor, New York University

CONSTANZA ALARCÓN, Colombian National Coordinator of the Intersectoral Commission for Early Childhood, Presidency of the Republic, Colombia

AMINA ABUBAKAR ALI, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research– Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme

RAQUEL BERNAL, Professor and Director of the Center for Research on Economic Development, Universidad de los Andes

FLORENCIA LOPEZ BOO, Social Protection Economist Senior Specialist, Inter-American Development Bank

PIA REBELLO BRITTO, Senior Advisor, Early Childhood Development Unit, UNICEF

HELENA CHOI, Program Officer, Global Development and Population Program, William and Flora Hewlett Foundation

PAMELA Y. COLLINS, Director, Office for Research on Disparities, and Director, Global Mental Health and Office of Rural Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental Health

TRACY COSTIGAN, Senior Program Officer, Research-Evaluation- Learning Unit, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation

GARY L. DARMSTADT, Associate Dean for Maternal and Child Health, Global Pediatric Health, Stanford University School of Medicine

ANGELA DIAZ, Jean C. and James W. Crystal Professor, Departments of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, and Director, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center

RANA HAJJEH, Director, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

_____________

1 Institute of Medicine forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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JODY HEYMANN, Dean, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles

GILLIAN HUEBNER, Policy and Advocacy Director, Lumos

VENITA KAUL, Director, School of Education Studies and Director, Center for Early Childhood Education and Development, Ambedkar University, Delhi

SARAH KLAUS, Director, Early Childhood Program, London, Open Society Foundation

VESNA KUTLESIC, Director, Office of Global Health, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

ALBERT LEE, Professor (Clinical), JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, and Director, Centre for Health, Education, and Health Promotion, Chinese University of Hong Kong

JOAN LOMBARDI, Senior Advisor, Bernard van Leer Foundation

STEPHEN LYE, Executive Director, Fraser Mustard Institute of Human Development, University of Toronto

ROBERT MALLET, President and CEO, Accordia Foundation

KOFI MARFO, Director of the Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University

MARK MILLER, Director, Division of International and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center

HELIA MOLINA MILMAN, Professor in Public Health, Public Health Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, and Past Minister of Health, Chile

ARIEL PABLOS-MENDEZ, Assistant Administrator for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development

JANNA PATTERSON, Senior Program Officer, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

ALAN PENCE, UNESCO Chair, Early Childhood, Education, Care and Development, and Professor, School of Child and Youth Care, University of Victoria

RUTH PEROU, Acting U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Mental Health Coordinator, Program Performance and Evaluation Office, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CHERYL POLK, President, HighScope Educational Research Foundation

EDUARDO QUEIROZ, Executive Director, Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal

JOSE SAAVEDRA, Global Chief Medical Officer, Nestlé Nutrition

LORRAINE SHERR, Professor of Clinical and Health Psychology, University College, London

ANDY SHIH, Senior Vice President, Scientific Affairs, Autism Speaks

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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KARLEE SILVER, President of Targeted Challenges, Grand Challenges Canada

SIMON SOMMER, Head of Research, Jacobs Foundation

TAHA E. TAHA, Professor, Epidemiology and Population, Family and Reproductive Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University

PAMALA TRIVEDI, SRCD/AAAS Policy Fellow, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation

SUSAN WALKER, Professor of Nutrition and Director, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Epidemiology Research Unit, University of the West Indies

SARA WATSON, National Director, ReadyNation, Council for a Strong America

AMALIA WAXMAN, Consultant

QUENTIN WODON, Advisor, Human Development Network, World Bank

HIROKAZU YOSHIKAWA, Courtney Sale Ross University Professor of Globalization and Education, New York University

Forum Staff

KIMBER BOGARD, Project Director and Director, Board on Children, Youth, and Families

SARAH M. TRACEY, Research Associate

CHARLEE ALEXANDER, Research Associate

AMANDA PASCAVIS, Senior Program Assistant

PAMELLA ATAYI, Administrative Assistant

FAYE HILLMAN, Financial Associate

PATRICK KELLEY, Director, Board on Global Health

Consultant

JOCELYN WIDMER, University of Florida

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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BOARD ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES1

ANGELA DIAZ (Chair), Departments of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, and Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center

SHARI BARKIN, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital, Vanderbilt University

THOMAS F. BOAT, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati

W. THOMAS BOYCE, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia

DAVID A. BRENT, Western Psychiatric Institute and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

DAVID V. B. BRITT, Retired Chief Executive Officer, Sesame Workshop

DEBBIE I. CHANG, Nemours Health and Prevention Services

JANET M. CURRIE, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University

PATRICK H. DELEON, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine and the Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

GARY W. EVANS, Department of Design and Environmental Analysis and Department of Human Development, Cornell University

ELENA FUENTES-AFFLICK, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco General Hospital

EUGENE E. GARCIA, Mary Lou Fulton Teachers’ College, Arizona State University

J. DAVID HAWKINS, School of Social Work, University of Washington

JEFFREY W. HUTCHINSON, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

JACQUELINE JONES, Foundation for Child Development

ANN S. MASTEN, Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota

BRUCE S. McEWEN, Rockefeller University

PAMELA MORRIS, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University

VELMA McBRIDE MURRY, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University

TAHA E. TAHA, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health

_____________

1 Institute of Medicine and National Research Council boards do not review or approve individual products. The responsibility for the content of the workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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BOARD ON GLOBAL HEALTH1

THOMAS C. QUINN (Chair), National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

JO IVEY BOUFFORD, New York Academy of Medicine

GARY L. DARMSTADT, Global Pediatric Health, Stanford University School of Medicine

JACOB A. GAYLE, Community Affairs, Medtronic Foundation

GLENDA E. GRAY, South African Medical Research Council

STEPHEN W. HARGARTEN, Global Health Program, Medical College of Wisconsin

CLARION JOHNSON, Private Consultant

ALAN I. LESHNER, American Association for the Advancement of Science

MYRON M. LEVINE, Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine

GUY H. PALMER, School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University

ANNE C. PETERSON, University of Michigan; Global Philanthropy Alliance

DAVID VLAHOV, University of California, San Francisco, Schools of Nursing and Medicine

_____________

1 Institute of Medicine boards do not review or approve individual products. The responsibility for the content of the workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
×

Reviewers

This workshop summary has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published workshop summary as sound as possible and to ensure that the workshop summary meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this workshop summary:

Mauricio L. Barreto, The Collective Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia

Maria Elena Ubeda Castillo, UNICEF

Helia Molina Milman, Minister of Health, Chile

Simon Sommer, Jacobs Foundation

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this workshop summary was overseen by Enriqueta C. Bond, Burroughs Wellcome Fund. Appointed by the Institute of Medicine, she was responsible for making

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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certain that an independent examination of this workshop summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this workshop summary rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the institution.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Acknowledgments

The planning committee and project staff deeply appreciate the many valuable contributions from individuals who assisted us with this project. First, we offer our profound thanks to all of the presenters and discussants at the workshop, who gave so generously their time and expertise. These individuals are listed in full in the workshop agenda in Appendix B. We are also grateful to the many participants who attended the workshop both in person and via the live webcast. The engagement of all those in attendance was robust and vital to the success of the event.

In addition, the forum wishes to recognize the sponsors that supported this activity. Financial support for this project was provided by Accordia Global Health Foundation; the Aga Khan Foundation; Autism Speaks; the Bernard van Leer Foundation; The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; the Fraser Mustard Institute for Human Development; Grand Challenges Canada; the Inter-American Development Bank; the Jacobs Foundation; the National Institutes of Health—Fogarty International Center, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and National Institute of Mental Health; Nestlé Nutrition Institute; Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE); the Open Society Institute–Budapest Foundation; the Society for Research in Child Development; UNICEF; U.S. Agency for International Development; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Department of State; Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal; the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation; and the World Bank.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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A NOTE ABOUT THE COVER ART

The Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally is committed to confronting the challenges and harnessing the opportunities surrounding the global nature of integrating the science of health, education, nutrition, and social protection. One of the ways the forum has committed itself to being global in scope is through the workshops that occur in different regions throughout the world. The cover design is intended to embrace the diversity in place, culture, challenges, and opportunities associated with forum activities at each of the workshops, but this global trajectory is done keeping in mind the momentum that comes in connecting these diverse locales to one another through the work of the forum. The bright orange dot represents the location of the workshop this report summarizes, and the lighter orange dots represent workshop locations across the first 3 years of the forum. The dotted orange line suggests that the forum will link what was gleaned from the convening activities from this workshop to the next. We would like to thank Jocelyn Widmer for her contributions to the cover design.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Page xviii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. 2015. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the National Research Council, and Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal, São Paulo. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21749.
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This report summarizes a joint workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council with Fundacao Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal in November 2014 in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The workshop presentations and discussions highlighted efforts made to scale program investments across health, education, nutrition, and social protection that aim to improve children's developmental potential. Speakers explored four topics around scaling up program investments: impact, scalability, sustainability, and governance. Participants shared their experiences scaling up programs and implementing early childhood services into a comprehensive national policy. Scaling Program Investments for Young Children Globally synthesizes up-to-date evidence on effective programs and interventions in Latin America and other regions, including an account of their strengths and challenges. This report highlights the presentations and discussions of the event.

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