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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Recent Fertility Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21857.
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References

Ashraf, Q.H., Weil, D.N., and Wilde, J. (2011). The Effect of Interventions to Reduce Fertility on Economic Growth. NBER Working Paper No. 17377. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research. Available: http://www.nber.org/papers/w17377 [December 2015].

Bankole, A. (2015). The Impact of Contraceptive Use, Abortion, and Breastfeeding on Fertility. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Biddlecom, A. (2015). Fertility within Africa: Regional and National Trends. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Bongaarts, J. (2015). Africa’s Unique Fertility Transition. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Bongaarts, J., and Casterline, J. (2013). Fertility transition: Is sub-Saharan Africa different? In G. McNicoll, J. Bongaarts, and E. Churchill (Eds.), Population and Public Policy: Essays in Honor of Paul Demeny (pp. 161-162). New York: Population Council.

Caldwell, J.C., and Caldwell, P. (2002). Africa: The new family planning frontier. Studies in Family Planning, 33(1), 76-86. Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11974421 [December 2015].

Canning, D. (2015). Population Change and the Demographic Dividend in Sub-Saharan Africa. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Casterline, J. (2015). Reproductive Preferences and Their Implementation. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Eloundou-Enyegue, P. (2015). Socioeconomic Trends and Their Impact on Fertility. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Recent Fertility Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21857.
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Evans, T. (2015). The World Bank’s Population Program in Sub-Saharan Africa. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Guinanne, T. (2011). The historical fertility transition: A guide for economists. Journal of Economic Literature, 49(3), 589-614. Available: http://demographic-challenge.com/files/downloads/657de1cecd3e4cef9751b9e7df2c3287/dc_the-historical-fertility-transition. pdf [December 2015].

Hertrich, V. (2015). The Fertility Impact of Marriage Patterns. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

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Lam, D. (2015). Opportunities Arising from Demographic Changes in Sub-Saharan Africa. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Mouiltrie, T., and Timaeus, I. (2015). Childbearing Patterns: The Importance of Birth Spacing and Postponement. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

Ndugga, M.B. (2015). Fertility Transitions in Kenya and Ghana: Trends, Determinants, and Implications for Policy and Programs. Presentation to the Committee on Population Workshop on Recent Trends in Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa, June 15-16, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Recent Fertility Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21857.
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Page 67
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Recent Fertility Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21857.
×
Page 68
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Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere.

Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections.

In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.

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