Appendix B
Summary of MRT Research
The following tables are a compilation of selected maternal spindle transfer (MST) (see Table B-1) and pronuclear transfer (PNT) (see Table B-2) studies. Study endpoints, materials and methods, and results are highlighted. The data are listed as presented in the respective publications, with no further calculation or interpretation by the committee.
TABLE B-1 Summary of MST Research
Study/Model | Materials and Methods |
Wang et al. (2001) Mouse (Kunming and C57BL/6J) |
|
Tachibana et al. (2009) (Oregon Health & Science University [OHSU] Group) Nonhuman primate (rhesus macaques) |
|
Lee et al. (20 12) (OHSU Group) Nonhuman primate (rhesus macaques) |
|
Tachibana et al. (20 13) (OHSU Group) Nonhuman primate (rhesus macaques) |
Cryo-thaw MST oocytes:
|
Endpoints | Results |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cryo-thaw MST oocytes:
|
Study/Model | Materials and Methods |
2009 rhesus offspring:
|
|
Tachibana et al. (20 13) |
|
Paull et al. (2013) |
|
Neupane et al. (2014) Mouse (NZB/OlaHsd and B6D2/F1) |
|
Endpoints | Results |
|
2009 rhesus offspring:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Study/Model | Materials and Methods |
|
|
Wang et al. (2014) |
|
Newcastle group (unpublished)a |
[In progress] |
a Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). 2014. Third scientific review of the safety and efficacy of methods to avoid mitochondrial disease through assisted conception: 2014 update.
NOTE: ESC = embryonic stem cell; F1 = first generation; F2 = second generation; ICSI = intracytoplasmic sperm injection; IVF = in vitro fertilization; MII = metaphase II; MST = maternal spindle transfer; mtDNA = mitochondrial DNA; ND = non-detectable; NS = non-significant; PNT = pronuclear transfer; SeV = Sendai virus; TE = trophoectoderm.
Endpoints | Results |
MST versus PNT
|
|
|
|
[In progress] | [In progress] |
TABLE B-2 Summary of PNT Research
Study/Model | Materials and Methods |
Mouse
|
|
Sato et al. (2005) |
|
Craven et al. (2010) |
|
Endpoints | Results |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Study/Model | Materials and Methods |
Neupane et al. (2014) |
|
Wang et al. (2014) Mouse |
|
Newcastle group, (unpublished)a |
[Unavailable] |
aHuman Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). 2014. Third scientific review of the safety and efficacy of methods to avoid mitochondrial disease through assisted conception: 2014 update.
NOTE: ΔmtDNA = mitochondrial DNA deletion; F1 = first generation; F2 = second generation; MII-SCC = metaphase II-spindle chromosome complex; MST = maternal spindle transfer; mtDNA = mitochondrial DNA; ND = non-detectable; NS = non-significant; PNT = pronuclear transfer.
Endpoints | Results |
|
MST versus PNT
|
|
|
|
|
REFERENCES
Craven, L., H. A. Tuppen, G. D. Greggains, S. J. Harbottle, J. L. Murphy, L. M. Cree, A. P. Murdoch, P. F. Chinnery, R. W. Taylor, R. N. Lightowlers, M. Herbert, and D. M. Turnbull. 2010. Pronuclear transfer in human embryos to prevent transmission of mitochondrial DNA disease. Nature 465(7294):82-85.
HFEA (Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority). 2014. Third scientific review of the safety and efficacy of methods to avoid mitochondrial disease through assisted conception: 2014 update. London, UK: HFEA.
Lee, H. S., H. Ma, Rita C. Juanes, M. Tachibana, M. Sparman, J. Woodward, C. Ramsey, J. Xu, E.-J. Kang, P. Amato, G. Mair, R. Steinborn, and S. Mitalipov. 2012. Rapid mitochondrial DNA segregation in primate preimplantation embryos precedes somatic and germline bottleneck. Cell Reports 1(5):506-515.
McGrath, J., and D. Solter. 1983. Nuclear transplantation in the mouse embryo by microsurgery and cell fusion. Science 220(4603):1300-1302.
Neupane, J., M. Vandewoestyne, S. Ghimire, Y. Lu, C. Qian, R. Van Coster, J. Gerris, T. Deroo, D. Deforce, P. De Sutter, and B. Heindryckx. 2014. Assessment of nuclear transfer techniques to prevent the transmission of heritable mitochondrial disorders without compromising embryonic development competence in mice. Mitochondrion 18:27-33.
Paull, D., V. Emmanuele, K. A. Weiss, N. Treff, L. Stewart, H. Hua, M. Zimmer, D. J. Kahler, R. S. Goland, S. A. Noggle, R. Prosser, M. Hirano, M. V. Sauer, and D. Egli. 2013. Nuclear genome transfer in human oocytes eliminates mitochondrial DNA variants. Nature 493(7434):632-637.
Sato, A., T. Kono, K. Nakada, K. Ishikawa, S.-I. Inoue, H. Yonekawa, and J.-I. Hayashi. 2005. Gene therapy for progeny of mito-mice carrying pathogenic mtDNA by nuclear transplantation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102(46):16765-16770.
Tachibana, M., M. Sparman, H. Sritanaudomchai, H. Ma, L. Clepper, J. Woodward, Y. Li, C. Ramsey, O. Kolotushkina, and S. Mitalipov. 2009. Mitochondrial gene replacement in primate offspring and embryonic stem cells. Nature 461(7262):367-372.
Tachibana, M., P. Amato, M. Sparman, J. Woodward, D. M. Sanchis, H. Ma, N. M. Gutierrez, R. Tippner-Hedges, E. Kang, H.-S. Lee, C. Ramsey, K. Masterson, D. Battaglia, D. Lee, D. Wu, J. Jensen, P. Patton, S. Gokhale, R. Stouffer, and S. Mitalipov. 2013. Towards germline gene therapy of inherited mitochondrial diseases. Nature 493(7434):627-631.
Wang, M. K., D. Y. Chen, J. L. Liu, G. P. Li, and Q. Y. Sun. 2001. In vitro fertilisation of mouse oocytes reconstructed by transfer of metaphase II chromosomes results in live births. Zygote 9(1):9-14.
Wang, T., H. Sha, D. Ji, Helen L. Zhang, D. Chen, Y. Cao, and J. Zhu. 2014. Polar body genome transfer for preventing the transmission of inherited mitochondrial diseases. Cell 157(7):1591-1604.