National Academies Press: OpenBook
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Appendices to ACRP Report 11: Guidebook on Preparing Airport GHG Emissions Inventories. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22022.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Appendices to ACRP Report 11: Guidebook on Preparing Airport GHG Emissions Inventories. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22022.
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Page iii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2008. Appendices to ACRP Report 11: Guidebook on Preparing Airport GHG Emissions Inventories. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22022.
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ACRP Project 02-06 Appendices – Final September 19, 2008 Table of Contents Introduction to Appendices ……………………………………………………………………………………..1  APPENDIX A:  REASONS FOR DEVELOPING GHG INVENTORIES ............................................................................ 2  A.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................2  A.2 CLIMATE CHANGE INITIATIVES – GHG REDUCTION GOALS ...............................................................................................2  A.2.1 International ................................................................................................................................................3  A.2.2 Domestic ......................................................................................................................................................4  A.2.3 State and Local ............................................................................................................................................5  A.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMS ...................................................................................7  A.4 DISCLOSURE OF PROJECT/ACTION EFFECTS ...................................................................................................................8  A.5 FUTURE REGULATIONS ............................................................................................................................................11  APPENDIX B:  EMISSIONS AND SOURCES ...........................................................................................................13  B.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................13  B.2 PRIMARY EMISSIONS...............................................................................................................................................15  B.3 PRECURSORS AND OTHER EMISSIONS .........................................................................................................................16  B.4 SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS............................................................................................................................................17  APPENDIX C:  METHODS FOR CALCULATING GHG EMISSIONS ............................................................................21  C.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................21  C.2 OVERVIEW OF EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS ...................................................................................................................21  C.3 PRIMER ON DERIVATION OF FUEL MASS‐BASED EMISSION FACTORS ................................................................................22  C.4 SOURCE‐BASED EMISSIONS MODELING ......................................................................................................................23  C.4.1 Aircraft .......................................................................................................................................................23  C.4.2 Aircraft Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) ........................................................................................................27  C.4.3 Ground Support Equipment (GSE)..............................................................................................................28  C.4.4 Ground Access Vehicles (GAV) ...................................................................................................................29  C.4.5 Stationary Sources .....................................................................................................................................30  C.4.6 Training Fires..............................................................................................................................................31  C.4.7 Construction Activities ...............................................................................................................................32  C.4.8 Waste Management Activities...................................................................................................................32  APPENDIX D:  METHODS FOR CALCULATING CO2 EQUIVALENCIES ......................................................................34  D.1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................................34  D.2 THE EFFECT OF CO2 ON CLIMATE CHANGE..................................................................................................................34  D.3 METRICS FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF CO2 ON CLIMATE ............................................................................................37  D.4 BEHAVIOR OF SHORT‐LIVED NON‐CO2 CLIMATE CHANGE AGENTS ..................................................................................38  D.5 EMISSIONS EQUIVALENCY METHODS .........................................................................................................................42  D.5.1 Radiative Forcing and the Radiative Forcing Index (RFI) ...........................................................................43  D.5.2 Global Warming Potential .........................................................................................................................47  D.5.3 Alternatives to the Global Warming Potential ..........................................................................................55  APPENDIX E:  INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT PROTOCOLS......................................................................................58  E.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................58 

ACRP Project 02-06 Appendices – Final September 19, 2008 E.2 INVENTORY ISSUES ..................................................................................................................................................58  E.2.1 Purpose of the Inventory ............................................................................................................................58  E.2.2 Identification of Sources and Pollutant ......................................................................................................59  E.2.3 Corporate Boundaries ................................................................................................................................59  E.2.4 Geographic Boundaries..............................................................................................................................60  E.2.5 Discrepancies and Inconsistencies .............................................................................................................60  E.3 REVIEW OF EXISTING PROTOCOLS ..............................................................................................................................61  E.3.1 International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)...........................................................................................61  E.3.2 World Resource Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) 64  E.3.3 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) .........................................................................65  E.3.4 International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) ...............................................................66  E.3.5 The Energy Information Administration (EIA) ............................................................................................67  E.3.6 The Climate Registry (TCR).........................................................................................................................68  E.4 FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING AN AIRPORT GHG EMISSIONS INVENTORY ........................................................................69  E.4.1 Principles ....................................................................................................................................................69  E.4.2 Pollutants ...................................................................................................................................................69  E.4.3 Source Categories and Reporting...............................................................................................................69  E.4.4 Organizational and Operational Boundaries .............................................................................................70  E.4.5 Geographic Boundaries..............................................................................................................................72  E.4.6 Identification of Key Sources ......................................................................................................................75  APPENDIX F:  APPROACHES USED IN AIRPORT INVENTORIES PREPARED TO DATE..............................................77  F.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................77  F.2 PROJECT SURVEY AND INVENTORIES IDENTIFIED............................................................................................................77  F.3 REVIEWS OF EXISTING AIRPORT INVENTORIES...............................................................................................................79  F.3.1 City of Seattle Inventory for 2000...............................................................................................................83  F.3.2 City of Aspen Canary Initiative Inventory for 2004.....................................................................................83  F.3.3 Sacramento International Airport Master Plan CEQA FEIR ........................................................................84  F.3.4 Vancouver International Airport, BC Canada Emissions from Mobile Sources...........................................85  F.3.5 San Diego International Airport Master Plan CEQA DEIR...........................................................................85  F.3.6 Zurich International Airport, CO2 Emissions ...............................................................................................86  F.3.7 City and County of Denver, Greenprint Denver ..........................................................................................86  F.3.8 Port of Seattle Greenhouse Gas Inventory .................................................................................................86  F.3.9 Aspen‐Pitkin County Airport Greenhouse Gas Inventory............................................................................87  F.3.10 City of San Francisco – San Francisco International Airport.....................................................................87  F.3.11 Port Authority of New York and New Jersey ............................................................................................87 

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Appendices to ACRP Report 11: Guidebook on Preparing Airport GHG Emissions Inventories Get This Book
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TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Web-Only Document 2 contains appendices A through F to ACRP Report 11: Guidebook on Preparing Airport GHG Emissions Inventories.

The appendices titles are as follows:

Appendix A-Reasons for Developing GHG Inventories

Appendix B-Emissions and Sources

Appendix C-Methods for Calculating GHG Emissions

Appendix D-Methods for Calculating CO2 Equivalencies

Appendix E-Inventory Development Protocols

Appendix F-Approaches Used in Airport Inventories Prepared to Date

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