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Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa (1993)

Chapter: Front Matter

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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POPULATION DYNAMICS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

DEMOGRAPHIC EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC REVERSALS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

EFFECTS OF HEALTH PROGRAMS ON CHILD MORTALITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

FACTORS AFFECTING CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

POPULATION DYNAMICS OF KENYA

POPULATION DYNAMICS OF SENEGAL

SOCIAL DYNAMICS OF ADOLESCENT FERTILITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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NOTE: This map, which has been prepared solely for the convenience of readers, does not purport to express political boundaries or relationships. The scale is a composite of several forms of projection.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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POPULATION DYNAMICS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Karen A.Foote, Kenneth H.Hill, and Linda G.Martin, Editors

Panel on the Population Dynamics of Sub-Saharan Africa

Committee on Population

Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education

National Research Council

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.
1993

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M.Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

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The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M.Alberts and Dr. Robert M.White are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 93–85568

International Standard Book Number 0-309-04942-3

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B166

Copyright 1993 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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PANEL ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

KENNETH H.HILL (Chair),

Department of Population Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University

ADERANTI ADEPOJU,

Institut de Développement Economique et de la Planification (IDEP), Dakar, Senegal

JANE T.BERTRAND,

School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University

CAROLINE H.BLEDSOE,

Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University

WILLIAM BRASS,

Centre for Population Studies, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, England

DOUGLAS C.EWBANK,

Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania

PHILIPPE FARGUES,

Centre d’Etudes et de Documentation Economique, Sociale et Juridique (CEDEJ), Cairo, Egypt

RON J.LESTHAEGHE,

Faculteit van de Economische, Sociale en Politieke Wetenschappen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium

PATRICK O.OHADIKE,

Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), Accra, Ghana

ANNE R.PEBLEY,

The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California

DANIEL M.SALA-DIAKANDA,

Institut de Formation et de Recherche Démographiques (IFORD), Yaoundé, Cameroon

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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COMMITTEE ON POPULATION

SAMUEL H.PRESTON (Chair),

Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania

JOSE-LUIS BOBADILLA,

World Bank, Washington, D.C.

JOHN B.CASTERLINE,

Department of Sociology, Brown University

KENNETH H.HILL,

Department of Population Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University

DEAN T.JAMISON,

School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles

ANNE R.PEBLEY,

The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California

RONALD R.RINDFUSS,

Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

T.PAUL SCHULTZ,

Department of Economics, Yale University

SUSAN C.M.SCRIMSHAW,

School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles

BETH J.SOLDO,

Department of Demography, Georgetown University

MARTA TIENDA,

Population Research Center, University of Chicago

BARBARA BOYLE TORREY,

Population Reference Bureau, Washington, D.C.

JAMES TRUSSELL,

Office of Population Research, Princeton University

AMY O.TSUI,

Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

LINDA G.MARTIN, Director

BARNEY COHEN, Research Associate

SUSAN M.COKE, Senior Project Assistant

KAREN A.FOOTE, Research Associate

DIANE L.GOLDMAN, Administrative Assistant*

JAMES N.GRIBBLE, Program Officer

JOAN MONTGOMERY HALFORD, Senior Project Assistant**

CAROLE L.JOLLY, Program Officer

DOMINIQUE MEEKERS, Research Associate*

PAULA J.MELVILLE, Senior Project Assistant

*

through December 1991

**

through July 1992

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Preface

This report is one in a series of studies that have been carried out under the auspices of the Panel on the Population Dynamics of Sub-Saharan Africa of the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Population. The Research Council has a long history of examining population issues in developing countries. In 1971 it issued the report Rapid Population Growth: Consequences and Policy Implications. In 1977, the predecessor Committee on Population and Demography began a major study of levels and trends of fertility and mortality in the developing world that resulted in 13 country reports and 6 reports on demographic methods. Then, in the early 1980s, it undertook a study of the determinants of fertility in the developing world, which resulted in 10 reports. In the mid- and late-1980s, the Committee on Population assessed the economic consequences of population growth and the health consequences of contraceptive use and controlled fertility, among many other activities.

No publication on the demography of sub-Saharan Africa emerged from the early work of the committee, largely because of the paucity of data and the poor quality of what was available. However, censuses, ethnographic studies, and surveys of recent years, such as those under the auspices of the World Fertility Survey and the Demographic and Health Survey programs, have made available data on the demography of sub-Saharan Africa. The data collection has no doubt been stimulated by the increasing interest of both scholars and policymakers in the demographic development of Africa

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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and the relations between demographic change and socioeconomic developments. In response to this interest, the Committee on Population held a meeting in 1989 to ascertain the feasibility and desirability of a major study of the demography of Africa, and decided to set up a Panel on the Population Dynamics of Sub-Saharan Africa.

The panel, which is chaired by Kenneth Hill and includes members from Africa, Europe, and the United States, met for the first time in February 1990 in Washington, D.C. At that meeting the panel decided to set up six working groups, composed of its own members and other experts on the demography of Africa, to carry out specific studies. Four working groups focused on cross-national studies of substantive issues: the social dynamics of adolescent fertility, factors affecting contraceptive use, the effects on mortality of child survival and general health programs, and the demographic effects of economic reversals. The two other working groups were charged with in-depth studies of Kenya and Senegal, with the objective of studying linkages between demographic variables and between those variables and socioeconomic changes.

The panel also decided to publish a volume of papers reviewing levels and trends of fertility, the proximate determinants of fertility, nuptiality, child mortality, adult mortality, internal migration, and international migration, as well as the demographic consequences of the AIDS epidemic. This volume comprises those eight papers.

As is the case for all of the panel’s work, this report would not have been possible without the cooperation and assistance of the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) program of the Institute for Resource Development/Macro Systems. We are grateful to the DHS staff for responding to our inquiries and facilitating our early access to the survey data.

We are also grateful to the organizations that provided financial support for the work of the panel: the Office of Population and the Africa Bureau of the Agency for International Development, the Andrew W.Mellon Foundation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and the Rockefeller Foundation. Besides providing funding, the representatives of these organizations were a source of information and advice in the development of the panel’s overall work plan.

The editors would also like to express their gratitude to all of the authors. In addition to writing the papers, the authors were exceedingly gracious in responding to the many questions that were asked of them throughout the preparation of this volume. They would also like to recognize the efforts of Dominique Meekers in coordinating the early work on this volume and of Janet Ewing for providing bibliographic assistance. Finally,

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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special thanks are also due Paula Melville for superb administrative support, Florence Poillon for skillful copyediting of the volume, Elaine McGarraugh for meticulous production assistance, and Eugenia Grohman for ably coordinating the review and editing process.

SAMUEL H.PRESTON, Chair

Committee on Population

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 1993. Demographic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/2207.
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This overview includes chapters on child mortality, adult mortality, fertility, proximate determinants, marriage, internal migration, international migration, and the demographic impact of AIDS.

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