Practical Highway Design Solutions (2013)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

39 Appendix B State Responses to Survey Questionnaire

r e b m u N e t a t S s a H S P / D P ? y c i l o P f I , S E Y n i a l p x e y l f e i r b . w o l e b s e Y o N 1 L A o N 2 R A s e Y s a s n a k r A s e o d t o n e v a h a m a r g o r p t a h t s i d e t a n g i s e d s a l a c i t c a r p . n g i s e d , r e v e w o H r o f y n a m s r a e y e w e v a h d e s u e h t R 3 s s e c o r p o t e v e i h c a l a c i t c a r p n g i s e d n o y n a m s e l i m f o . y a w h g i h n I 9 8 9 1 c i r t e m o e g n g i s e d a i r e t i r c s a w d e h s i l b a t s e r o f y a w e e r f n o n , g n i c a f r u s e r n o i t a r o t s e r d n a n o i t a t i l i b a h e r . s t c e j o r p s i h T n g i s e d a i r e t i r c s i s s e l n a h t l a m r o n n g i s e d ; s d r a d n a t s , r e v e w o h t i s e d i v o r p a e f a s d n a d e v o r p m i y t i l i c a f t a a d e c u d e r . t s o c s i h T R 3 n g i s e d a i r e t i r c s i d e s a b n o A W H F l a c i n h c e T y r o s i v d A . 8 2 . 0 4 0 5 T 3 O C s e Y T O D C s a h a l a m r o f d n a l a m r o f n i S S C . s s e c o r p s i h T s s e c o r p s d a e l o t l a c i t c a r p s n g i s e d y b g n i t a r o p r o c n i i t l u m - y r a n i l p i c s i d n i h t i w ( T O D C d n a ) e d i s t u o s m a e t o t p o l e v e d . s n o i t u l o s 4 E D s e Y e h T T O D l e D d a o R n g i s e D l a u n a M s w o l l a r o f y t i l i b i x e l f n i h t i w e h t n g i s e d s d r a d n a t s d n a s w o l l a r o f n g i s e d s n o i t p e c x e n e h w e h t s d r a d n a t s t o n n a c e b . t e m T O D l e D s e o d t o n r e v e w o h e v a h a m a r g o r p y l t c i r t s d e s a b n o l a c i t c a r p n g i s e d r o l a c i t c a r p . s n o i t u l o s 5 L F o N 6 A G s e Y e W e v a h a t x e t n o C e v i t i s n e S n g i s e D l a u n a M t a h t s a w d e p o l e v e d n i . 6 0 0 2 n I , n o i t i d d a e w e v a h d e p o l e v e d r u o n w o n g i s e D y c i l o P . l a u n a M e W , t n’ o d , r e v e w o h e v a h a l a m r o f d e t n e m u c o d l a c i t c a r P l a c i t c a r P / n g i s e D Solutions . l a u n a m 7 I H s e Y e W e v a h a S S C m a r g o r p t a h t s a h t e y o t e b . d e z i l a m r o f e W e r a y l t n e r r u c g n i y l p p a e h t S S C y h p o s o l i h p o t l a r e v e s t n a t l u s n o c - d e n g i s e d ” t o l i p “ s t c e j o r p n i r e d r o o t d l i u b p u a s n o s s e l “ ” d e n r a e l . y r a r b i l e s e h T s n o s s e l l l i w e b d e i l p p a o t e r u t u f t n a t l u s n o c - d e n g i s e d d n a n i - e s u o h d e n g i s e d . s t c e j o r p 8 A I o N 9 D I s e Y _ e n i l n O / s l a u n a m / v o g . o h a d i . d t i / / : p t t h f d p . D H S P / D H S P / s l a u n a M _ t n e r r u C / s l a u n a M 0 1 L I o N 1 1 N I s e Y e W e r a g n i t i r w e r r u o n g i s e d l a u n a m o t e v e i h c a y t i l i b i x e l f n i n g i s e d . 2 1 S K s e Y d e l i a m E l a c i t c a r P t n e m e v o r p m I e d i u G o t . t n a t l u s n o C 3 1 Y K s e Y C T Y K d e t r a t s a l a c i t c a r P s n o i t u l o S e v i t a i t i n i r u o f s r a e y . o g a I l l i w l i a m e n o i t a m r o f n i o t . u o y 4 1 A L s e Y r u O m a r g o r p s i . l a m r o f n i r u O s s e c o r p s i r a l i m i s o t s ’ y k c u t n e K l a c i t c a r p . s n o i t u l o s e W y l l a c i p y t y l p p a e s e h t s t p e c n o c o t t o p s t n e m e c a l p e r e p y t s t c e j o r p e g d i r b ( , s t n e m e c a l p e r t o p s y t e f a s , s t n e m e v o r p m i .) c t e TABLE B1 rEsponsEs To quEsTion no. 1

r e b m u N e t a t S s a H S P / D P ? y c i l o P f I , S E Y n i a l p x e y l f e i r b . w o l e b s e Y o N 5 1 A M s e Y h g u o h t l A t o n y l l a e r e h t i r u o s s i M d n a y k c u t n e K h c a o r p p a h c i h w e r a y l i r a m i r p d e s a b n o e h t d e e n o t e c u d e r , t s o c e w e v a h l a r e v e s ” s m a r g o r p “ t a h t e t a l e r o t t x e t n o c e v i t i s n e s n g i s e d d n a e h t d e e n o t d l i u b n i e h t t x e t n o c f o e h t . s g n i d n u o r r u s s i h T s e d u l c n i r u o t c e j o r P t n e m p o l e v e D d n a n g i s e D , e d i u G r u o t n i r p t o o F e g d i r B , y c i l o P r u o e t e l p m o C s t e e r t S , e v i t a i t i n i r u o n e e r G T O D y c i l o p h c i h w s e s s e r d d a , y t i l i b a n i a t s u s r u o n g i s e D n o i t p e c x E , y c i l o p r u o t r o p p u s f o e u l a V g n i r e e n i g n E d n a y t i l i b a t c u r t s n o C , s w e i v e r d n a d e t a l e r g n i r e e n i g n E s e v i t c e r i D g n i d u l c n i R 3 . s e c n a w o l l a l l A e z i n g o c e r t a h t g n i d l i u b o t l l u f O T H S A A k o o B n e e r G s d r a d n a t s s i t o n s y a w l a l a c i t c a r p r o . e l b i s a e f 6 1 D M s e Y A S R r o d a o R y t e f a S s t i d u A e r a d e t c u d n o c o t y f i t n e d i w o l t s o c s t n e m e v o r p m i o t e v o r p m i y t e f a s f o a n e v i g . y t i l i c a f y a w d a o R s t n e m g e s h t i w r e w o l y t e f a s e c n a m r o f r e p e r a d e w e i v e r y b a m a e t f o l a c i n h c e t s t r e p x e g n i t n e s e r p e r e l p i t l u m . s e n i l p i c s i d n o i t a t n e m e l p m I s a h n e e b a . e g n e l l a h c 7 1 E M s e Y e n i a M s i y l t n e s e r p g n i p o l e v e d a l a c i t c a r P n g i s e D y h p o s o l i h p d n a e c n a d i u g r o f c i r t e m o e g n g i s e d . 8 1 I M s e Y T O D M s a h o n l a m r o f , y c i l o p t u b s w o l l a s to r e n g i s e d e t a u l a v e s n o i t a u t i s e r e h w T O D M r o O T H S A A s d r a d n a t s t o n n a c e b t e m d e s a b n o a l a n o i t a r e p o / y t e f a s s i s y l a n a d n a . t s o c s i h T s i e n o d a i v e h t n g i s e d n o i t p e c x e . s s e c o r p 9 1 N M s e Y n g i s e D y t i l i b i x e l f d e d u l c n i s a n a t n e m e l e n i h t i w t x e t n o C e v i t i s n e S , s n o i t u l o S a p i h s g a l f e v i t a i t i n i f o e h t t n e m t r a p e d d n a r u o l l a r e v o n g i s e d ; y h p o s o l i h p : k n i l . n m . e t a t s . t o d . 7 p p a t o d / / : p t t h ; 7 7 0 0 0 7 = d I c o d ? d a o l n w o d / s m d e / s u , y l l a n o i t i d d a e c n a m r o f r e p - d e s a b n g i s e d t i n u d e t a e r c n i h t i w e h t g n i r e e n i g n e s e c i v r e s , n o i s i v i d 2 1 0 2 0 2 O M s e Y i r u o s s i M d e t n e v n i l a c i t c a r p “ .” n g i s e d r u O G P E n a c e b d n u o f n o r u o e t i s b e w . 1 2 S M o N 2 2 T M s e Y s ’ a n a t n o M m a r g o r p s i . l a m r o f n i r e v O e h t s r a e y e w e v a h d e z i l i t u s u o i r a v s m r o f f o a l e v e l f o t n e m p o l e v e d s s e c o r p o t t e e m e h t l a i t n e s s e n o i t a t r o p s n a r t s d e e n n e v e h g u o h t t i y a m t o n e v e i h c a e h t t s o m e l b a r i s e d n g i s e d n o y n a n e v i g . t c e j o r p e s e h T e d u l c n i a y a w d a o r h t d i w n o i t a u l a v e s s e c o r p t a h t s r e d i s n o c , y t e f a s l e v e l f o e c i v r e s d n a l a n o i t a r e p o . s c i t s i r e t c a r a h c e W o s l a e v a h a t n e m e v a p n o i t a u l a v e m a r g o r p h t i w e h t l a o g f o g n i d i v o r p e h t t h g i r t n e m t a e r t t a e h t t h g i r e m i t . g . e ( , e v i t n e v e r p e c n a n e t n i a m d n a n o i t a t i l i b a h e r o t e n o p t s o p e h t d e e n r o f l l u f ) n o i t c u r t s n o c e r . TABLE B1 (continued) (continued on next page)

r e b m u N e t a t S s a H S P / D P ? y c i l o P f I , S E Y n i a l p x e y l f e i r b . w o l e b s e Y o N 3 2 C N s e Y l a n o i g e r b u S r e i T n g i s e D s e n i l e d i u G r o f T O D C N e g d i r B s t c e j o r P r o n i M ( , s r o t c e l l o C l a c o L d n a y r a d n o c e S ) s d a o R 4 2 D N s e Y e h T T O D D N s a h t a h w e w r e f e r o t s a n g i s e D s e n i l e d i u G h c i h w s i a t r a p f o r u o n g i s e D l a u n a M r o f g n i r e f f i d t c e j o r p . s e i g e t a r t s h c a E y g e t a r t s s a h a t e s f o s e n i l e d i u g t a h t s i d e w o l l o f r o f t c e j o r p . t n e m p o l e v e d 5 2 E N s e Y l a c i t c a r P : n g i s e D r u O e t a t S d e t a e r c a d r a o B “ f o c i l b u P s d a o R s n o i t a c i f i s s a l C & ” s d r a d n a t S o h w d e t a e r c m u m i n i M n g i s e D s d r a d n a t S d e s a b n o e h t n e e r G k o o B , s e g n a r n e h w e t a i r p o r p p a g n i w o l l o f e h t m u m i n i m . e u l a v v o g / s u . e n . e t a t s . r o d . w w w / / : p t t h - s f d p / f f a - c o r p / s l a u n a m / s c o d - s s a l c - n a t s - n i m - f d p . s e d . l a c i t c a r P : s n o i t u l o s e h T g n i d n u F n o i t u b i r t s i D s m’ a e T l a n i F t r o p e R s l i a t e d a w e n h c a o r p p a r o f g n i t a c o l l a y a w h g i h . s d n u f e h T m a e T s d n e m m o c e r g n i v i g p o t y t i r o i r p o t g n i v r e s e r p e h t s e’ t a t s g n i t s i x e y a w h g i h d n a e g d i r b . s t e s s a r e t f A l l a t e s s a n o i t a v r e s e r p s d e e n e v a h n e e b , t e m e h t t x e n y t i r o i r p s i o t e t a c o l l a s d n u f r o f l a t i p a c . s t n e m e v o r p m i r e h t r u F o f n i n a c e b d n u o f t a g n i d n u f / s c o d / s u . e n . e t a t s . r o d . w w w / / : p t t h - T D F / s t r o p e r - f d p . l a n i F 6 2 H N s e Y T O D H N s a h t o n d e p o l e v e d y n a c i f i c e p s h c a o r p p a o t e h t l a c s i f t n i a r t s n o c , s e u s s i t u b e w e v a h n e k a t a y r e v c i t s i l p m i s n o i t u l o s o t n g i s e d , s e u s s i t a h t g n i e b o d s a e l t t i l s a e l b i s s o p e l i h w l l i t s g n i v l o s e h t m e l b o r p t a h t s d e e n o t e b d e s s e r d d a e k i l ( g n i n e d i w n i d n i k d a e t s n i f o l l u f h t p e d . ) n o i t c u r t s n o c e r e W e r a g n i t c u r t s n o c e h t t s a e l y l t s o c e v i t a n r e t l a n i t s o m l a l l a . s n o i t a u t i s e l i h W s i h t s i t o n a n e t t i r w e v i t c e r i d e w e k a m e r u s e w s y a w l a e d u l c n i a l a m i n i m “ n g i s e d ” n o i t u l o s s a n a e v i t a n r e t l a r o f . n o i t a r e d i s n o c 7 2 J N s e Y g n i n n i g e B n i , 6 0 0 2 n i h t i w r u o e u l a V g n i r e e n i g n E , t i n U T O D J N n a g e b t a h w s a w d e l l a c t r a m S n o i t u l o S s w e i v e r n o l l a f o r u o x e l p m o c — h g i h r a l l o d . s t c e j o r p e h T e c n e r e f f i d n e e w t e b a l a n o i t i d a r t E V w e i v e r d n a s i h t w e n t r a m S s n o i t u l o S h c a o r p p a s a w t a h t e w d e v o m e r e h t n i a m l a o g n i e h t E V s s e c o r p — g n i v e i h c a n a l a u q e r o r e t t e b . t c u d o r p , d a e t s n I a m a e t f o d e n i l p i c s i d i t l u m l e n n o s r e p t s u j ( e k i l a E V ) m a e t d l u o w s u c o f n o g n i v l o s e h t l a n i g i r o m e l b o r p t a h t d e t r a t s e h t . t c e j o r p r o i r P o t r u o t r a m S s n o i t u l o S , e v i t a i t i n i a , t c e j o r p n i h t i w , T O D J N d l u o w n i g e b h t i w a m e l b o r p “ ” t n e m e t a t s d n a e c n o e h t t c e j o r p t o g , y a w r e d n u e w d l u o w y r t o t g n i r b , g n i h t y r e v e n i h t i w e h t , s t i m i l p u o t t n e r r u c s d r a d n a t s — r e h t e h w r o t o n e s o h t d r a d n a t s b u s s n o i t i d n o c e r e w g n i s u a c . s m e l b o r p t A e h t e m a s , e m i t r u o t n e r e f f i d s e c i f f o e r e w g n i h s i l b a t s e t n e m e g a n a M s m e t s y S e r e h w t c e j b u S “ r e t t a M ” s t r e p x E g n i t n e s e r p e r t n e r e f f i d s e c i f f o e r e w g n i z i t i r o i r p r u o e r u t c u r t s a r f n i . s e i c n e i c i f e d d e z i t i r o i r P ” t n e m e g a n a M “ s t s i l e r e w e d a m : r o f n o i t s e g n o C t o h , s t o p s h s a r C & , y t e f a S s e g d i r B d n a ( t s u j e g d i r B , ) s k c e D , s t r e v l u C t n e m e v a P d n a . e g a n i a r D e h T l a o g f o e h t t r a m S s n o i t u l o S m a e t s a w o t e n o h n i e h t s n o i t i d n o c g n i s u a c e h t . s m e l b o r p y n A d r a d n a t s b u s n o i t i d n o c t a h t s a w t o n g n i s u a c s e h s a r c r o d e t s i l n o e n o f o e h t t n e m e g a n a M s m e t s y S s t s i l s a w t o n . d e v o r p m i s A s a w d e t a t s n i e h t , n o i t c u d o r t n i e w e r e w o n r e g n o l g n i y r t o t e k a m g n i h t y r e v e ; t c e f r e p e w e r e w g n i y r t o t e v o r p m i e h t g n i t s i x e . s n o i t i d n o c TABLE B1 (continued)

r e b m u N e t a t S s a H S P / D P ? y c i l o P f I , S E Y n i a l p x e y l f e i r b . w o l e b s e Y o N 8 2 Y N o N 9 2 K O o N 0 3 R O s e Y l l i W l i a m e 1 3 I R s e Y e W o d t o n e v a h a l a m r o f , m a r g o r p t u b r u o l l a r e v o n g i s e d y h p o s o l i h p s e c a r b m e e s e h t . s t p e c n o c e e S 5 # 2 3 C S s e Y T O D C S s e z i l i t u R 3 s e l p i c n i r p o t e l b i g i l e . s t c e j o r p s i h T s t l u s e r n i g n i z i l i t u n g i s e d a i r e t i r c t a h t are e r o m e t a i r p o r p p a o t e h t t c e j o r p n i u e i l f o g n i c r o f e c n e r e h d a o t . s d r a d n a t s 3 3 D S o N 4 3 N T o N 5 3 X T o N 6 3 T U s e Y e h T h a t U T O D s a h d e t n e m e l p m i l a c i t c a r P n g i s e D s a a y c i l o p d n a s e r i u q e r t c e j o r p s m a e t o t e t a u l a v e t s o c s n o i t c u d e r e u d o t l a c i t c a r p . n g i s e d 7 3 A V s e Y l / s u . a v . e t a t s . t o d v . t e n a r t x e . w w w / / : p t t h f d p . 6 2 2 M I I / m i i / s b u p 0 2 % c i n o r t c e l e / s e d c o 8 3 T V s e Y e W e v a h n e k a t l a r e v e s t n e r e f f i d s e h c a o r p p a o t s i h t c i p o t r e v o e h t t s a p 5 1 , s r a e y g n i t r a t s h t i w e h t T V e t a t S s d r a d n a t S o r p / s u . t v . e t a t s . t o a . w w w / / : p t t h . m t h . a t b a t a t s / s d r a d n a t s / v e d g e s e h T e r e w d e t u t i t s n i n i 7 9 9 1 d n a e d i v o r p a t a e r g l a e d f o y t i l i b i x e l f n i . n g i s e d n I , n o i t i d d a g n i t r a t s y l h g u o r e v i f s r a e y o g a e w k o o t r e d n u e h t d a o R “ o t ” . y t i l i b a d r o f f A e h T y r a m i r p l a o g f o s i h t t r o f f e s a w o t w e i v e r r u o , s e c i t c a r p t e s e l b a n o s a e r s n o i t a t c e p x e d n a t e g “ k c a b o t ” s c i s a b n i g n i t p m e t t a o t e v r e s e r p r u o g n i t s i x e e: r u t c u r t s a r f n i t v . e t a t s . t o a . w w w / / : p t t h m t h . 1 . 3 1 0 6 / s e i c i l o p / s u . 9 3 A W o N T O D S W s a h o w t s e v i t a i t i n i g n i e b d e p o l e v e d t a h t e r a d e t a l e r o t e h t l a c i t c a r P s n o i t u l o S / n g i s e D . y h p o s o l i h p 0 4 I W o N 1 4 Y W s e Y T O D Y W s m a r g o r p s t c e j o r p d e s a b n o d e e n d n a s e i f i s s a l c m e h t y b , R 1 , R 2 , R 3 r o . R 4 s i h T s r e g g i r t a t e s f o a i r e t i r c o t e b d e s u r o f . n g i s e d e e S e h t s k n i l r e d n u r e t p a h C 8 f o e h t d a o R n g i s e D l a u n a M r o f e s o h t : a i r e t i r c o d y w / s u . y w . e t a t s . t o d . w w w / / : p t t h a c i n h c e t _ g n i r e e n i g n e / t _ n g i s e d _ d a o r / s n o i t a c i l b u p _ s l a u n a m / s m a r g o r p _ l manual : l a t o T 9 2 2 1 TABLE B1 (continued)

44 State What informa�on would be useful to your state in either developing or expanding upon a PD/PS program? AL Types of prac�ces used by states with exis�ng programs and the saving in �me and money realized CO More training on possible solu�ons. FL Goals, Objec�ves, Implementa�on Plan, Obstacles Encountered (and how they were overcome or couldn’t be). GA What would be useful for our Georgia would be the state of the prac�ce in other states. What type of documents and polices do other states have in place regarding PD/PS. HI Current informa�on on lessons learned from similarly sized programs and the current state of measurements of success. IN Layout of some best prac�ces and pi�alls KS 1. Kansas has integrated prac�cal design concepts into the development of every project (we believe we were prac�cal prior to the term being coined, but we’re doing more to document solu�ons that op�mize project scopes). What types of documenta�on are typical? When are es�mates made (design concept report? field check?)? How is infla�on handled in aggregated repor�ng (i.e.,several projects with different le�ng years)? 2. In addi�on, we have iden�fied specific projects/corridors as candidates for prac�cal improvements. These projects typically have a set budget and the designer evaluates alterna�ves to maximize the effec�veness (primarily concerning safety and opera�ons) of the improvements. Addi�onal experience regarding evalua�on of dissimilar alterna�ves would be helpful (i.e., pave shoulders for 8 miles or fix two horizontal curves in the same sec�on of highway). We are currently applying the Highway Safety Manual as a tool in this decision making process, but don’t believe it has developed to its full poten�al/reliableness to apply defini�vely. 3. Further, these projects do not typically fall into tradi�onal categories for reconstruc�on/new construc�on/3R/1R. Prac�cal Improvements can be incorporated into any of these, but a “prac�cal improvements” project may not fit the mold of any previously established category. 4. A common prac�cal design approach in recent years has been the use of aggregate surfaced temporary diversion roadways (shoofly detours) with lower design speeds. Na�onal guidance/research regarding low type shoofly design elements (AADT limits, minimum radius, supereleva�on, max. speed drop, width, etc.) would be beneficial. KY We are always looking for successful ways to save money and complete the projects. LA We would need to demonstrate the value (compared to the consequences) of implemen�ng a formalized program like Missouri's to obtain buy-in from the management and the public. MD The approach described above has not been migrated to the en�re project development process like Missouri. Data on the inherent trade-offs of such a program would be helpful as this will o�en result in parameters that fall below AASHTO guidelines. We want to make choices that are supported by sound data. TABLE B2 rEsponsEs To quEsTion no. 3

45 State What informa�on would be useful to your state in either developing or expanding upon a PD/PS program? ME Peer results and experiences, successful partnerships with the consultant community MI What specific criteria are used by other states to determine when a “prac�cal design” is appropriate? MN Industry standard for defini�on(s) of performance based design as well as tools and criteria for prac�cing it; industry standard for acceptable levels of performance, par�cularly when “standard” measures such as LOS are not useful or their standard design values are not achievable nor prac�cal. MO Missouri has pioneered the prac�cal design philosophy and has shared the concept with many other states. While no specific informa�on is desired at this �me, Missouri is open to any sugges�ons that will improve the program. MS Examples of costs savings that other states have realized using PD/PS. MT We would like to see what other states are doing. This informa�on might provide useful tools. ND I would be interested in any informa�on from the findings of the survey. NE Unsure NH More examples of where prac�cal solu�ons were used and how much savings were realized. NJ Lessons learned, both from our state and others that have done it. NY Example projects/case studies and more informa�on of the criteria that Missouri DOT modified in their new manual. SC Please provide a link to Missouri DOT’s informa�on. We are currently upda�ng our design standards and this informa�on would be helpful to us. TX State of the prac�ce UT We are developing a strategy to evaluate projects from planning, CD, design, adver�sing, construc�on and closeout. It would be helpful to see how other states are able to encourage project teams to embrace Prac�cal Design rather than see it as another program that Central is forcing them to use. VA What are the safety records for these projects that u�lized a PD/PS system? How does the cost of projects developed by a PD/PS type system compare to a state’s normal plan development process? How do states that implement PD/PS programs address AASHTO minimum design criteria? Specifically, are there more design excep�ons on projects u�lizing PD/PS? What are the reac�ons by professional engineers to u�lizing this type of program? WA How to incorporate Highway Safety Manual methodologies into the project development process. Lessons learned in implemen�ng the new PD/PS process WI Directly discuss with Missouri and Kentucky some project examples to compare our current prac�ces. TABLE B2 (continued)