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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2013. Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22688.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2013. Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22688.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2013. Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22688.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2013. Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22688.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2013. Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22688.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2013. Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22688.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2013. Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22688.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2014 www.TRB.org The Second S T R A T E G I C H I G H W A Y R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M RepoRt S2-R11-RW-1 Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process Lawrence Pesesky Dane Ismart Deborah matherLy The Louis Berger Group, Inc. chrIs huffman Huffman Corridor Consulting yI-chang chIu hong Zheng erIc nava University of Arizona vInay DIxIt brIan woLshon Louisiana State University essam raDwan wILLIam samPson Juan moraLes Juan Morales Associates erIc Perry SAIC eD bromage anD LInDsay bromage E. J. Bromage LLC

Subject Areas Construction Highways Operations and Traffic Management

SHRP 2 Reports Available by subscription and through the TRB online bookstore: www.TRB.org/bookstore Contact the TRB Business Office: 202-334-3213 More information about SHRP 2: www.TRB.org/SHRP2 SHRP 2 Report S2-R11-RW-1 ISBN: 978-0-309-12981-7 © 2014 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Copyright Information Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for ob- taining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. The second Strategic Highway Research Program grants permission to repro- duce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, or FHWA endorsement of a particular prod- uct, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing material in this document for educational and not-for-profit purposes will give appropriate ac- knowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from SHRP 2. Note: SHRP 2 report numbers convey the program, focus area, project number, and publication format. Report numbers ending in “w” are published as web documents only. Notice The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the second Strategic Highway Research Program, conducted by the Transportation Research Board with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research Council. The members of the technical committee selected to monitor this project and to review this report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance. The report was reviewed by the technical committee and accepted for publication according to procedures established and overseen by the Transportation Research Board and approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council. The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research and are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the program sponsors. The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, the National Research Council, and the sponsors of the second Strategic Highway Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report. The Second Strategic Highway Research Program America’s highway system is critical to meeting the mobility and economic needs of local communities, regions, and the nation. Developments in research and technology—such as advanced materials, communications technology, new data collection tech- nologies, and human factors science—offer a new opportunity to improve the safety and reliability of this important national resource. Breakthrough resolution of significant transportation problems, however, requires concentrated resources over a short time frame. Reflecting this need, the second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) has an intense, large-scale focus, inte - grates multiple fields of research and technology, and is fundamen- tally different from the broad, mission-oriented, discipline-based research programs that have been the mainstay of the highway research industry for half a century. The need for SHRP 2 was identified in TRB Special Report 260: Strategic Highway Research: Saving Lives, Reducing Conges- tion, Improving Quality of Life, published in 2001 and based on a study sponsored by Congress through the Transporta- tion Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21). SHRP 2, mod- eled after the first Strategic Highway Research Program, is a focused, time-constrained, management-driven program designed to complement existing highway research programs. SHRP 2 focuses on applied research in four areas: Safety, to pre- vent or reduce the severity of highway crashes by understanding driver behavior; Renewal, to address the aging infrastructure through rapid design and construction methods that cause minimal disruptions and produce lasting facilities; Reliability, to reduce congestion through incident reduction, management, response, and mitigation; and Capacity, to integrate mobility, economic, environmental, and community needs in the plan- ning and designing of new transportation capacity. SHRP 2 was authorized in August 2005 as part of the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU). The program is managed by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) on behalf of the National Research Council (NRC). SHRP 2 is conducted under a memorandum of understanding among the American Associa- tion of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and the National Academy of Sciences, parent organization of TRB and NRC. The program provides for competitive, merit-based selection of research contractors; independent research project oversight; and dissemination of research results.

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. On the authority of the charter granted to it by Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achieve- ments of engineers. Dr. C. D. (Dan) Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, on its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. (Dan) Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. The Transportation Research Board is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council. The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to provide leadership in transportation innovation and progress through research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective, interdisci- plinary, and multimodal. The Board’s varied activities annually engage about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transporta- tion, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. www.TRB.org www.national-academies.org

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration in cooperation with the American Asso- ciation of State Highway and Transportation Officials. It was conducted in the second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2), which is administered by the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies. The project was managed by Monica Starnes, Senior Program Officer for SHRP 2 Renewal. The work on this project was led by a team from the Louis Berger Group, Inc., with Larry Pesesky, principal- in-charge; Dane Ismart, principal investigator; and Deborah Matherly, project management coordinator. The researchers and authors of this report are Dane Ismart, principal investigator, Orlando, Florida; Chris Huffman, co-principal investigator, Huffman Corridor Consulting, Lawrence, Kansas; Yi-Chang Chiu, co-principal investigator, Hong Zheng, and Eric Nava, University of Arizona, Tucson; Brian Wolshon and Vinay Dixit, co-principal investigator, Louisiana State University, Shreveport (Dixit is now with the Univer- sity of South Wales, Sydney, Australia); Essam Radwan, Orlando, Florida; William Sampson, Tallahassee, Florida; Juan Morales, Juan Morales Associates, Reston, Virginia; Eric Perry, SAIC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Ed Bromage and Lindsay Bromage, E. J. Bromage LLC, Needham, Massachusetts. The authors also acknowledge the contributions of the four groups of participants in the workshops and pilot studies that provided critical input and guidance as to needed content and focus early in the project development and to critical user-friendly features such as error checks and range messages once the software was near completion. SHRP 2 STAFF Ann M. Brach, Director Stephen J. Andrle, Deputy Director Neil J. Pedersen, Deputy Director, Implementation and Communications Cynthia Allen, Editor Kenneth Campbell, Chief Program Officer, Safety JoAnn Coleman, Senior Program Assistant, Capacity and Reliability Eduardo Cusicanqui, Financial Officer Richard Deering, Special Consultant, Safety Data Phase 1 Planning Shantia Douglas, Senior Financial Assistant Charles Fay, Senior Program Officer, Safety Carol Ford, Senior Program Assistant, Renewal and Safety Jo Allen Gause, Senior Program Officer, Capacity James Hedlund, Special Consultant, Safety Coordination Alyssa Hernandez, Reports Coordinator Ralph Hessian, Special Consultant, Capacity and Reliability Andy Horosko, Special Consultant, Safety Field Data Collection William Hyman, Senior Program Officer, Reliability Linda Mason, Communications Officer Reena Mathews, Senior Program Officer, Capacity and Reliability Matthew Miller, Program Officer, Capacity and Reliability Michael Miller, Senior Program Assistant, Capacity and Reliability David Plazak, Senior Program Officer, Capacity and Reliability Rachel Taylor, Senior Editorial Assistant Dean Trackman, Managing Editor Connie Woldu, Administrative Coordinator

As our highway infrastructure continues to age, there is the imperative need to renew the entire network while keeping it operational. Moreover, many highway corridors and regional networks are becoming ever more congested. As a result there is an increasing need to (1) examine various construction alternatives within those corridors and networks to determine the potential disruption and/or benefit that alternative renewal activities may have over time and (2) examine the effect of constructing multiple corridors concurrently or in sequence. Without an evaluation of the various construction alternatives during the program and project development process, negative impacts on the traveling public and the local communities may increase dramatically. The research project that produced this report focused on answering the following related questions: • How should highway reconstruction projects be set in space and time to minimize dis- ruption to the traveling public, businesses, and adjacent communities? • What is the traffic impact on the regional network when multiple corridors are being considered for renewal? • Are there strategies that may minimize impacts on the corridor and/or regional network? At the onset, literature reviews and evaluations of existing modeling tools were under- taken to define the path forward. Based on the existing needs and current gaps in modeling tools for highway networks, the research team set out to develop a modeling tool that would sequence programs of renewal projects in ways that maximize available resources, mini- mize disruptions to the traveling public and to adjacent land uses, and recognize political priorities. The team approached the objective by developing a tool that would first look at top-level analysis (sketch planning and macro-level analyses), but that would also have the capability to go down to the mesoscopic scale in order to provide a more detailed assessment of various construction strategies on the network. The resulting product is the Work Zone Impact and Strategy Estimator (WISE) software. WISE can evaluate the impacts of various highway renewal strategies on a given network— strategies using such means as day–night operations, innovative contracting, advanced main- tenance of traffic plans, and public information programs. WISE can aid decision making by assessing reconstruction activity sequencing given limited resources and other constraints. During the course of the project, the team held several focus group workshops with stake- holders to assess the intended capabilities and limitations of WISE. I personally want to thank Mr. Tom Kane, former executive director of the Des Moines Area Metropolitan Plan- ning Organization (MPO), for his insightful observations and guidance during those work- shops. His executive and strategic perspective of what MPOs are facing on a daily basis with regard to renewing their networks was invaluable to this project. WISE has been developed as an open-source software that will be freely available to its users. I invite you to download it, try it, and if possible, adopt it within your organization. F O R EWO R D Monica A. Starnes, PhD, SHRP 2 Senior Program Officer, Renewal

1 Executive Summary 4 Chapter 1 Background 4 Problem Statement and Research Objective 4 Evolution of the Project from One Task to the Next 6 Chapter 2 Study Approach 6 Summary 6 Literature Review 14 Identification of Management Strategies and Measures of Success 17 Analysis of Interviews 21 Correlation Analysis 21 Software Products and Applications 23 Summary of Major Findings from Interviews 25 Final Evaluation 26 Chapter 3 Tool Recommendations and Applications 26 Work Zone Impact and Strategy Estimator Tool (WISE) and Its Framework 26 System Engineering Development Process 26 User Requirement Specification and Concept of Operations 28 WISE Design Concept and System Modules 30 Overall Structure and General Purpose of the WISE Tool 35 Chapter 4 Conclusions and Recommendations 35 Development of New Software Tools 35 Workshops—Test of Software Tools 36 Development of Training Materials 36 Next Steps 37 Glossary 40 References 41 Appendix A Detailed Literature Review 69 Appendix B Results of the Software Evaluation 83 Appendix C Interview Matrix 87 Appendix D Work Zone Sequencing 93 Appendix E Traffic Tool Analysis C O N T E N T S

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TRB’s second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) S2-R11-RW-1: Strategic Approaches at the Corridor and Network Level to Minimize Disruption from the Renewal Process documents the development of the work zone impact and strategy estimator (WISE)--a decision support software system designed to help evaluate the impact of work zones and determine strategies to reduce those impacts.

In addition, SHRP 2 Renewal Project R11 produced the WISE Software Users Guide, which explains how to use the software. A project brief summarizes the results of the study.

These training materials were created as a part of the R11 project: the Instructor Guide, Participant Workbook, Lesson Plan, and PowerPoint.

The R11 project also produced a pilot report that documents testing of the WISE software.

Installation instructions, including the serial number, are available in the user guide.

The WISE decision support software is available for download from TRB's website.

Software Disclaimer: This software is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages.

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