National Academies Press: OpenBook

Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions (2016)

Chapter: Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
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B

Committee and Staff Biographical Information

KAREN A. THOLE, Co-Chair, is professor and department head of mechanical and nuclear engineering at the Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Thole’s scholarship in research has been focused on experimental fluid mechanics and heat transfer, particularly as applied to developing new cooling methods for gas turbine components. More recently, she has used advanced manufacturing methods to further develop new cooling methods for turbine airfoils. She founded two experimental research laboratories at Pennsylvania State University: the Experimental and Computational Convection Lab (ExCCL) and the Steady Thermal Aero Research Turbine (START) Lab, with both being selected as centers of excellence for one of the major gas turbine manufacturers. She has published nearly 200 archival journal papers and conference proceedings and holds three patents. Many of the cooling technologies she researched are now used on the engines that power the Joint Strike Fighter and commercial jets. She has served as the chair of the board of directors for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers’ (ASME’s) International Gas Turbine Institute, chair of the ASME Energy Conversion and Storage Segment, and a member of the NASA Advisory Council’s Aeronautics Committee. Dr. Thole was a recipient of a National Science Foundation Career Award, was recognized by the White House as a 2011 Champion of Change in STEM, and as a Society of Women Engineers’ 2014 Distinguished Engineering Educator. In 2015, she received ASME’s George Westinghouse Gold Medal for her work in power generation, and in 2016 she received ASME’s Edwin F. Church award for her contributions to mechanical engineering education. She holds a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Texas, Austin.

WOODROW WHITLOW, JR., Co-Chair, is executive in residence in the Washkewicz College of Engineering at Cleveland State University (CSU). He assists the dean in strengthening the college, increasing enrollment and retention rates, adding new engineering education programs, and increasing the involvement of women and minorities in engineering studies. Prior to his appointment at CSU, Dr. Whitlow had a distinguished 34-year career with NASA. His areas of expertise include unsteady aerodynamics, computational fluid dynamics, and aeroelasticity. In his final NASA position of Associate Administrator for Mission Support, he managed a $3.8 billion budget to enable all program and institutional capabilities required to conduct NASA’s aeronautics and space missions. Dr. Whitlow also served as the deputy director of Kennedy Space Center, director of Glenn Research Center, and director of the Critical Technologies Division in the Headquarters Office of Aeronautics. Dr. Whitlow was part of a team that drafted NASA’s Aeronautics Blueprint, which included technology solutions for reducing carbon dioxide emissions while air traffic doubled over a 20-year period. Proposed concepts included alternative fuels,

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×

intelligent combustors, more fuel-efficient aircraft and propulsion systems, innovative vehicle concepts and propulsion cycles, and the use of advanced fuel cells and electric propulsion systems. Since 2006, Dr. Whitlow has served as chair of the U.S. National Committee for Airbreathing Engines and is the U.S. representative on the 29-nation International Society for Airbreathing Engines. He is a fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and was chair of the 2010 AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference and a member of the executive steering committee for the 2014 and 2015 AIAA Propulsion and Energy Conference. Dr. Whitlow’s awards include the Presidential Rank of Distinguished Executive, Presidential Rank of Meritorious Executive, NASA Distinguished Service Honor Medal, U.S. Black Engineer of the Year in Government, NASA Exceptional Service Honor Medal, NASA Equal Opportunity Honor Medal, the (British) Institution of Mechanical Engineers William Sweet Smith Prize, Minorities in Research Science Scientist-of-the-Year Award, and National Society of Black Engineers Distinguished Engineer of the Year Award. He also holds an honorary doctor of engineering degree from Cranfield University. He holds a Ph.D. in aeronautics and astronautics from MIT.

MEYER J. BENZAKEIN (NAE) is the Wright Brothers Institute Professor in the Aerospace Engineering Department and the assistant vice president for Aerospace and Aviation in the Office of Research at the Ohio State University. Previous positions at Ohio State University include director of the Propulsion and Power Center and chair of the Aerospace Engineering Department. He entered academia after retiring from General Electric Aircraft Engines, where for 10 years he was responsible for the research, technology development, and new product creation. At General Electric, he led the research effort in computational aerodynamics, aeroacoustics, aeromechanics, and combustion. Dr. Benzakein was responsible for the design and certification of all new commercial and military engines for 10 years at General Electric. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, a fellow of the AIAA, and a fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society. In 2001 he received the Gold Medal of Honor from the Royal Aeronautical Society, and he is the recipient of the 2007 AIAA Reed Aeronautics Award. He has served on many industry and government advisory panels and received an honorary doctorate from the University of Poitiers, France, in 2006. He holds a Ph.D. in engineering mechanics from Wayne State University. He is a member of the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and he has served on many other committees, including the Committee on Examination of the U.S. Air Force’s Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs, the Panel on Air and Ground Vehicle Technology, and the Committee for the Evaluation of NASA’s Fundamental Aeronautics Research Program.

R. STEPHEN BERRY (NAS) is the James Franck Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at the University of Chicago and holds appointments at the college, the James Franck Institute, and the Department of Chemistry. He has also held an appointment in the School of Public Policy Studies at the university and has worked on a variety of subjects ranging from strictly scientific matters to a variety of topics in policy. His experimental research includes studies of negative ions, chemical reactions, detection of transient molecular species, photo-ionization, and other laser–matter interactions. Other research has involved interweaving thermodynamics with economics and resource policy, including efficient use of energy. Dr. Berry has chaired the Academies’ Report Review Committee.

MARTY K. BRADLEY is a technical fellow at Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the Product Development Advanced Concepts Group. At Boeing he leads internally funded studies looking at advanced technologies and concepts for improved energy efficiency and reduced environmental impact. These include innovative configurations as well as improved aerodynamics, structures, systems, and advanced propulsion technologies, alternative fuels, and electric aircraft. He is chairman of the AIAA Green Engineering Program Committee, the focal point within the AIAA, bringing together environmental and aerospace technologies. His research interests include analysis of the life-cycle environmental impact of future Boeing products and environmental benefits and challenges of new aircraft technologies, new propulsion architectures, alternative fuels, and new energy technologies such as fuel cells, improved batteries, and hybrid systems. Previously, Dr. Bradley conducted similar research for Boeing Research and Technology and additionally was a leading researcher in the area of advanced high speed propulsion. He received a leadership award from the Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI),

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×

an innovation award from Boeing for his work on the Subsonic Ultra Green Aircraft Research (SUGAR) program, and awards from NASA for his advanced propulsion projects. He holds a Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from the University of Southern California.

STEVEN J. CSONKA is the executive director of the Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI), a public–private partnership involving the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of Environment and Energy; the Airports Council International-North America, representing airports; the Aerospace Industries Association, representing manufacturers; and Airlines for America (formerly the Air Transport Association), representing U.S. airlines. CAAFI is dedicated to the development and commercialization of renewable jet fuel for the jet-powered aviation enterprise. Mr. Csonka has a depth of knowledge on the current state of alternative jet fuel development, and extensive experience with deployment activities. His engagement with CAAFI working teams extends back to 2008 as he was working on behalf of GE Aviation on the development and execution of the Air Transport Action Group’s comprehensive industry approach to mitigating the environmental impact of aviation, which includes use of biofuels. Mr. Csonka has broad experience from previous roles in the areas of business development, commercialization, technical evaluation, and advanced engineering. He is a commercial aviation professional with 29 years of experience with GE Aircraft Engines, American Airlines, GE Aviation, and CAAFI. Areas of expertise include conceptual analysis, design, manufacture, test, certification, operations, marketing, acquisition (seller and buyer) and support of propulsion systems. Mr. Csonka has received several managerial awards for innovation and performance from GE and American Airlines. He is a member of the Carbon War Room, the Technical Advisory Committee of the Department of Energy/U.S. Department of Agriculture Biomass Research and Development Board, and the FAA Aviation Sustainability Center Advisory Board. Previous advisory and steering appointments included the Department of Transportation’s Future of Aviation Advisory Committee, the Air Transport Advisory Group, the General Aviation Manufacturers Association’s Environmental Committee, and the Aerospace Industries Association’s Environmental Committee. Mr. Csonka holds an M.S. in aerospace engineering and engineering mechanics from the University of Cincinnati, specializing in aircraft propulsion.

DAVID J. H. EAMES retired from Rolls-Royce North America as director of NASA Programs and Advanced System Studies. During his 34-year U.S. career with Rolls-Royce North America, Mr. Eames specialized in propulsion airframe integration for a variety of aircraft, including those studied for the U.S./U.K. Advanced Short TakeOff/Vertical Landing (ASTOVL) program; proprietary studies for Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, and Gulfstream; and various NASA N + 2 and N + 3 supersonic and subsonic aircraft conceptual designs. He has direct experience in most areas of propulsion system component research, including propulsion wind tunnel and flight testing. He has held several senior positions at Rolls-Royce North America, including chief of preliminary design; chief of product and technology strategy; chief of advanced engine business development; and chief systems engineer for early program development. Mr. Eames started his career at Rolls-Royce in the United Kingdom in the advanced projects department before leaving the company for 2 years, during which time he left the United Kingdom to work at the Boeing Commercial Airplane Company in Seattle, where he performed exhaust system design and rig testing for the B-737-300. He is a recipient of many AIAA and Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) awards, including two Forest R. McFarland Awards, the SAE Aerospace Chair Award, and a NASA Group Achievement Award for his role in the Vertical/Short Take-Off and Landing (V/STOL) System Research Aircraft (VSRA) Flight Test Program. In 2015, Mr. Eames was named an AIAA fellow. He earned his M.S. in thermal power/gas turbine technology from Cranfield University.

DANIEL K. ELWELL is the president of Elwell and Associates, LLC, an aviation consulting firm. Previously, Mr. Elwell was senior vice president for safety, security, and operations at Airlines for America (A4A), where he was responsible for leading the U.S. airline industry’s efforts to advance safety and security while improving operational efficiency. Before joining A4A, Mr. Elwell was vice president of civil aviation at the Aerospace Industries Association; assistant administrator for policy at the FAA; and a long-time U.S. Air Force and commercial airline pilot, with over 6,000 hours of flight time in more than 10 different aircraft types. For the last 7 years, Mr. Elwell has been a member of the technical subcommittee of the FAA’s NextGen Advisory Committee. The subcommittee

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×

and its working groups (Business Case and Performance Working Group, Operations Working Group) collect data and examine actual and predicted operational benefits of performance-based navigation. As a long-time airline pilot, Mr. Elwell has extensive practical expertise in airline operations. He also understands the regulatory and policy challenges to improving airline (and general aviation) operations, as well as the technological enhancements to surveillance and navigation systems that are currently in use or will be in the next 10 to 20 years. He retired from the U.S. Air Force Reserve as a lieutenant colonel. He has numerous Air Force commendations and citations and worldwide operational experience, including service in Operation Desert Storm. Mr. Elwell earned his pilot wings at Williams Air Force Base in Arizona after graduating from the U.S. Air Force Academy with a B.S. in international affairs. He is currently a member of the Academies’ Aeronautics Research and Technology Roundtable.

ALAN H. EPSTEIN (NAE) is the vice president of technology and environment at Pratt & Whitney. He is responsible for setting the direction for and coordinating technology across the company as it applies to product performance and environmental impact. He leads efforts to identify and evaluate new methods to improve engine performance and fuel efficiency for all new Pratt & Whitney products. He also provides strategic leadership in the investment, development, and incorporation of technologies that reduce the environmental impact of Pratt & Whitney’s worldwide products and services. Before joining Pratt and Whitney, Dr. Epstein was the R.C. Maclaurin Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics at the MIT, where he holds an appointment as professor emeritus. He was also the director of the MIT Gas Turbine Laboratory. His research at MIT was concerned with gas turbines, power and energy, aerospace propulsion, and micromechanical and electrical systems (MEMS). He has served on multiple government advisory committees, has authored or coauthored more than 140 technical publications, and has given more than 200 plenary, keynote, and invited lectures around the world. He has won several international awards for topics that include heat transfer, turbomachinery, instrumentation and controls, gas turbine technology, and MEMS. He was the ASME International Gas Turbine Institute’s Gas Turbine Scholar in 2003. Dr. Epstein is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the AIAA and the ASME. He holds a Ph.D. from MIT in aeronautics and astronautics. Dr. Epstein was the chair of the Academies’ Board on Army Science and Technology and has served on many previous committees of the Academies, most recently the Committee on Avoiding Technology Surprise for Tomorrow’s Warfighter Symposium–2010; and the Committee for Technology Insight–Gauge, Evaluate, and Review. He is currently a member of the Aeronautics Research and Technology Roundtable and the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board.

ZIA HAQ is a senior analyst at DOE in the Bioenergy Technologies Office. He is the DOE lead for the Defense Production Act Biofuels Initiative, and he manages the aviation and marine activities of the Bioenergy Technologies program. He has more than 20 years of experience in energy and the environment, with particular expertise in renewable energy, environmental regulations, and econometric analysis. Before joining DOE, Mr. Haq worked at Southern Company Services as a senior engineer in a coal gasification demonstration power plant. Mr. Haq holds an M.S. in chemical engineering from Johns Hopkins University.

KAREN MARAIS is an associate professor in the School of Aeronautics and Astronautics in the College of Engineering at Purdue University. At Purdue, Dr. Marais has worked on identifying and evaluating operational improvements to reduce the environmental impact of commercial aviation. Her research interests include modeling and mitigating aviation environmental impacts, improving aviation safety, and developing improved approaches to the engineering of complex systems. Recently, she investigated ways of improving the fuel efficiency of surface operations at commercial airports (through the FAA Partnership for Air Transportation Noise and Emissions Reduction, Center of Excellence), and of improving safety in general aviation fixed-wing and rotorcraft operations (through the FAA Center of Excellence Partnership to Enhance General Aviation Safety, Accessibility and Sustainability). Previously, Dr. Marais was on the faculty of Stellenbosch University (South Africa) in the Department of Industrial Engineering. She also held a postdoctoral appointment at MIT working with the Partnership for AiR Transportation Noise and Emissions Reduction. Before graduate school, she worked as an electronic engineer in South Africa. She is a recipient of a National Science Foundation (NSF) Faculty Early Career Development Award. She earned her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from MIT.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×

JAMES F. MILLER is deputy director of the Energy Systems Division and senior electrochemical engineer at Argonne National Laboratory. Argonne’s transportation-related activities include the Advanced Powertrain Research Facility, Engine Systems and Fuels Research, Electric Vehicle-Grid Interoperability Center, Battery Materials Engineering Research Facility, Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation, Energy and Environment Modeling, and Autonomic Vehicle Simulation. He completed a 3-year assignment at DOE headquarters as a senior technical advisor, providing strategic planning support for DOE’s Battery Program in the Vehicle Technologies Office, including the EV Everywhere Grand Challenge and transportation electrification in the DOE Quadrennial Technology Review. He previously served as director of Argonne’s Electrochemical Technology Program, with major research efforts on advanced batteries and fuel cells, and as associate director of Argonne’s Chemical Technology Division. He is a recipient of the 1998 DOE Fuel Cell Program Award, the 2011 DOE Vehicle Technologies Special Recognition Award, and the SAE 2014 Forest McFarland Award. Dr. Miller holds a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, and an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago. He has served on several committees of the Academies, including the Committee to Review NASA’s Exploration Technology Development Programs, the Committee for the State of Ohio Wright Centers of Innovation, and the Committee for Review of Proposals of NASA’s Low Emissions Alternative Power (LEAP) Project.

JOHN G. NAIRUS is the chief engineer of the Power and Control Division in the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Aerospace Systems Directorate. He has 28 years of experience in various capacities beginning as research engineer and program manager in the area of power electronics and aircraft electrical power systems for the Power Division’s Electrical Technology Branch in support of the More Electric Aircraft Initiative. Mr. Nairus also served as chief of the Mechanical Energy Conversion and Thermal and Electrochemical Branches before becoming the division’s chief engineer. Mr. Nairus also is spearheading a tri-service initiative to integrate more-electric aircraft technologies and architectures with emerging advanced turbine engines. Technical areas of expertise include hybrid-electric propulsion, batteries, fuel cells, electrical power generation and distribution, thermal management, power electronics, and motor drives. He also continues to serve as an electrical power and thermal management subject matter expert in the Joint Strike Fighter Program Office. Mr. Nairus is a registered professional engineer in the state of Ohio, an AIAA associate fellow, and a recipient of the U.S. Air Force Exemplary Civilian Service Award. Mr. Nairus leads the Interagency Advanced Power Group, the membership of which includes the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army, DOE, NASA, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and the U.S. Navy and serves as the U.S. Air Force aircraft power and thermal lead for Office of the Secretary of Defense’s Communities of Interest. Mr. Nairus is also deputy chair of the AIAA Energy Optimized Aircraft and Equipment Systems Program Committee. He holds an M.S. in electrical engineering from the University of Dayton.

STEPHEN M. RUFFIN is a professor of aerospace engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is also the director of the Georgia Space Grant Consortium. He is a specialist in high-temperature gas dynamics, compressible flow aerodynamics, and aircraft–propulsion integration. He is leading development of a 3-D Cartesian-grid based Navier-Stokes solver for design applications and development of Cartesian-grid approaches for complex vehicles and chemically reacting flows. The Aerothermodynamics Research and Technology Laboratory he directs has applied these techniques to applications as diverse as hypersonic planetary entry vehicles and flow physics, rotorcraft airframe interaction flows, transonic and supersonic missiles, and unsteady store separation problems. Previously, Dr. Ruffin worked in the Thermosciences Division at the NASA Ames Research Center. He holds a Ph.D. in aeronautics and astronautics from Stanford University. He served as a member of the Academies’ NASA Technology Roadmap: Entry, Descent, and Landing Panel; and the Decadal Survey of Civil Aeronautics: Panel A, Aerodynamics and Aeroacoustics

HRATCH G. SEMERJIAN (NAE) is chief scientist emeritus at NIST. He recently served as the president and executive director of the Council for Chemical Research (CCR). Prior to joining CCR, Dr. Semerjian served as the director of NIST’s Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, NIST deputy director, NIST acting director, and NIST chief scientist. As NIST deputy director, he was responsible for overall operation of the Institute, the effectiveness of NIST’s technical programs, and interactions with external and international organizations. His

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×

research interests have focused on combustion and reacting flow phenomena, and the formation and abatement of environmental pollutants in combustion processes, including gaseous pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrocarbons, as well as particulates. His recent interests have focused on climate change, the impact of pollutants and combustion products, and their transport in the atmosphere. Dr. Semerjian is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of ASME. He has also received the Brown Engineering Alumni Medal, the U.S. Department of Commerce Meritorious Federal Service (Silver Medal) Award, and the U.S. Department of Commerce Distinguished Achievement in Federal Service (Gold Medal) Award. He holds a Ph.D. in engineering from Brown University. He is a former member of the Academies’ U.S. National Committee for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and a former ex-officio member of the Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable.

SUBHASH C. SINGHAL (NAE) is Battelle Fellow Emeritus at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). At PNNL he worked in the Energy Science and Technology Directorate after having worked at Siemens Power Generation (formerly Westinghouse Electric Corporation) for more than 29 years. At PNNL, Dr. Singhal provided senior technical, managerial, and commercialization leadership to the Laboratory’s extensive fuel cell program. At Siemens Westinghouse, he conducted and/or managed major research, development, and demonstration programs in the field of advanced materials for various energy conversion systems including steam and gas turbines, coal gasification, and fuel cells. He was manager of fuel cell technology there, responsible for the development of high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for stationary power generation. In this role, he led an internationally recognized group in the SOFC technology and brought this technology from a few-watt laboratory curiosity to fully integrated 200 kW size power generation systems. He has authored 100 scientific publications, edited 17 books, received 13 patents, and given numerous plenary, keynote, and other invited presentations worldwide. Dr. Singhal is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of four professional societies: the American Ceramic Society, the Electrochemical Society, ASM International, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is also a senior member of the Mineral, Metals and Materials Society. He received the Electrochemical Society’s Outstanding Achievement Award in High Temperature Materials in 1994 and chairs its International Symposium on SOFCs. He is a former president of the International Society for Solid State Ionics and the Washington State Academy of Sciences. He is a recipient of the American Ceramic Society’s Edward Orton Jr. Memorial Award; an Invited Professorship Award from the Japan Ministry of Science, Education and Culture; the Christian Friedrich Schoenbein Gold Medal from the European Fuel Cell Forum; and the prestigious Grove Medal. He serves on the editorial board of Elsevier’s Journal of Power Sources and has been an associate editor of American Society of Mechanical Engineers’ Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology. He has also served on many national and international advisory panels for the NSF, Materials Properties Council, DOE, NATO Advanced Study Institutes, NATO Science for Peace programs, United Nations Development Program, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, International Energy Agency, and the European Commission. He holds a Ph.D. in materials science and engineering from the University of Pennsylvania and an M.B.A. in technology management from the University of Pittsburgh. He has been a member of many committees of the Academies, most recently the Committee on Review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership, Phase 3; Planning Committee on International Comparative Study of High-Skilled Immigration Policy and the Global Competition for Talent; and the Planning Committee on International Comparative Study of High-Skilled Immigration Policy and the Global Competition for Talent. He is also a member of the Board on Higher Education and the Workforce.

Staff

ALAN C. ANGLEMAN, Study Director, has been a senior program officer for the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board (ASEB) of the Academies since 1993, directing studies on the modernization of the U.S. air transportation system, system engineering and design systems, aviation weather systems, aircraft certification standards and procedures, commercial supersonic aircraft, the safety of space launch systems, radioisotope power systems, cost growth of NASA Earth and space science missions, autonomous systems, and other aspects of aeronautics and space research and technology. Previously, Mr. Angleman worked for consulting firms in the Washington,

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×

D.C., area, providing engineering support services to the Department of Defense and NASA Headquarters. His professional career began with the U.S. Navy, where he served for 9 years as a nuclear-trained submarine officer. He has a B.S. in engineering physics from the U.S. Naval Academy and an M.S. in applied physics from Johns Hopkins University.

CHARLES HARRIS is a research associate for the Space Studies Board (SSB) and the ASEB. He graduated from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, in 2014 with a double major in public policy and communication studies and a minor in astronomy. He has served as an intern with NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters and with the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology in the U.S. House of Representatives. He has also worked as a junior associate with an independent policy firm focused on providing clients in the commercial space sector with government relations services and strategic consulting.

ANESIA WILKS joined the SSB as a program assistant in 2013. Ms. Wilks brings experience working in the Academies’ conference management office as well as other administrative positions in the D.C. metropolitan area. She has a B.A. in psychology, magna cum laude, from Trinity University in Washington, D.C.

MICHAEL H. MOLONEY is the Director for Space and Aeronautics at the SSB and the ASEB of the Academies. Since joining the ASEB/SSB, Dr. Moloney has overseen the production of more than 60 reports, including five decadal surveys, in astronomy and astrophysics, Earth science and applications from space, planetary science, microgravity sciences, and solar and space physics. He has also been involved in reviewing of NASA’s space technology roadmaps and oversaw a major report on the rationale for and future direction of the U.S. human spaceflight program, as well as reports on issues such as NASA’s strategic direction; lessons learned from the decadal survey processes; the science promise of CubeSats; the challenge of orbital debris; the future of NASA’s astronaut corps; NASA’s aeronautical flight research program; and national research agendas for autonomy and low-carbon propulsion in civil aviation. Since joining the Academies in 2001, Dr. Moloney has also served as a study director at the National Materials Advisory Board, the Board on Physics and Astronomy (BPA), the Board on Manufacturing and Engineering Design, and the Center for Economic, Governance, and International Studies. Dr. Moloney has served as study director or senior staff for a series of reports on subject matters as varied as quantum physics, nanotechnology, cosmology, the operation of the nation’s helium reserve, new anti-counterfeiting technologies for currency, corrosion science, and nuclear fusion. Before joining the SSB and ASEB in 2010, Dr. Moloney was associate director of the BPA and study director for the 2010 decadal survey for astronomy and astrophysics (New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics). In addition to his professional experience at the Academies, Dr. Moloney has more than 7 years’ experience as a foreign-service officer for the Irish government—including serving at Ireland’s embassy in Washington and its mission to the United Nations in New York. A physicist, Dr. Moloney did his Ph.D. work at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland. He received his undergraduate degree in experimental physics at University College Dublin, where he was awarded the Nevin Medal for Physics. Dr. Moloney is a corresponding member of the International Academy of Astronautics and a Senior Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He is also a recipient of a distinguished service award from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×
Page 99
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×
Page 100
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×
Page 101
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×
Page 102
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×
Page 103
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×
Page 104
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Committee and Staff Biographical Information." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research: Reducing Global Carbon Emissions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23490.
×
Page 105
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The primary human activities that release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere are the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and oil) to generate electricity, the provision of energy for transportation, and as a consequence of some industrial processes. Although aviation CO2 emissions only make up approximately 2.0 to 2.5 percent of total global annual CO2 emissions, research to reduce CO2 emissions is urgent because (1) such reductions may be legislated even as commercial air travel grows, (2) because it takes new technology a long time to propagate into and through the aviation fleet, and (3) because of the ongoing impact of global CO2 emissions.

Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research develops a national research agenda for reducing CO2 emissions from commercial aviation. This report focuses on propulsion and energy technologies for reducing carbon emissions from large, commercial aircraft— single-aisle and twin-aisle aircraft that carry 100 or more passengers—because such aircraft account for more than 90 percent of global emissions from commercial aircraft. Moreover, while smaller aircraft also emit CO2, they make only a minor contribution to global emissions, and many technologies that reduce CO2 emissions for large aircraft also apply to smaller aircraft.

As commercial aviation continues to grow in terms of revenue-passenger miles and cargo ton miles, CO2 emissions are expected to increase. To reduce the contribution of aviation to climate change, it is essential to improve the effectiveness of ongoing efforts to reduce emissions and initiate research into new approaches.

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