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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23584.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2016 www.TRB.org Research Sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration SubScriber categorieS Aviation • Security and Emergencies A I R P O R T C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M ACRP SYNTHESIS 72 Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports A Synthesis of Airport Practice conSultantS James F. Smith Smith–Woolwine Associates, Inc. Ricardo E. Garcia John M. Sawyer JMS Airfield Safety Consulting LLC and Kimberly A. Kenville University of North Dakota

AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM Airports are vital national resources. They serve a key role in transportation of people and goods and in regional, national, and international commerce. They are where the nation’s aviation sys- tem connects with other modes of transportation and where federal responsibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and operate most airports. Research is necessary to solve common oper- ating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to introduce innovations into the airport industry. The Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) serves as one of the principal means by which the airport industry can develop innovative near-term solutions to meet demands placed on it. The need for ACRP was identified in TRB Special Report 272: Airport Research Needs: Cooperative Solutions in 2003, based on a study sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). ACRP carries out applied research on problems that are shared by airport operating agencies and not being adequately addressed by existing federal research programs. ACRP is modeled after the successful National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) and Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP). ACRP undertakes research and other technical activities in various airport subject areas, including design, construction, legal, mainte- nance, operations, safety, policy, planning, human resources, and administration. ACRP provides a forum where airport operators can cooperatively address common operational problems. ACRP was authorized in December 2003 as part of the Vision 100—Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act. The primary par- ticipants in the ACRP are (1) an independent governing board, the ACRP Oversight Committee (AOC), appointed by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation with representation from airport operating agencies, other stakeholders, and relevant indus- try organizations such as the Airports Council International-North America (ACI-NA), the American Association of Airport Execu- tives (AAAE), the National Association of State Aviation Officials (NASAO), Airlines for America (A4A), and the Airport Consul- tants Council (ACC) as vital links to the airport community; (2) TRB as program manager and secretariat for the governing board; and (3) the FAA as program sponsor. In October 2005, the FAA executed a contract with the National Academy of Sciences for- mally initiating the program. ACRP benefits from the cooperation and participation of airport professionals, air carriers, shippers, state and local government officials, equipment and service suppliers, other airport users, and research organizations. Each of these participants has different interests and responsibilities, and each is an integral part of this cooperative research effort. Research problem statements for ACRP are solicited periodi- cally but may be submitted to TRB by anyone at any time. It is the responsibility of the AOC to formulate the research program by identifying the highest priority projects and defining funding levels and expected products. Once selected, each ACRP project is assigned to an expert panel appointed by TRB. Panels include experienced practitioners and research specialists; heavy emphasis is placed on including airport professionals, the intended users of the research products. The panels prepare project statements (requests for proposals), select contractors, and provide technical guidance and counsel throughout the life of the project. The process for developing research prob- lem statements and selecting research agencies has been used by TRB in managing cooperative research programs since 1962. As in other TRB activities, ACRP project panels serve voluntarily with- out compensation. Primary emphasis is placed on disseminating ACRP results to the intended users of the research: airport operating agencies, service providers, and academic institutions. ACRP produces a series of research reports for use by airport operators, local agencies, the FAA, and other interested parties; industry associations may arrange for workshops, training aids, field visits, webinars, and other activities to ensure that results are implemented by airport industry practitioners. ACRP SYNTHESIS 72 Project A11-03, Topic S04-17 ISSN 1935-9187 ISBN 978-0-309-38970-9 Library of Congress Control Number 2016933713 © 2016 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FMCSA, FRA, FTA, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology, PHMSA, or TDC endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. NOTICE The report was reviewed by the technical panel and accepted for publication according to procedures established and overseen by the Transportation Research Board and approved by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research and are not necessari- ly those of the Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; or the program sponsors. The Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and the sponsors of the Airport Cooperative Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report. Published reports of the AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM are available from Transportation Research Board Business Office 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 and can be ordered through the Internet by going to http://www.national-academies.org and then searching for TRB Printed in the United States of America

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, non- governmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.national-academies.org. The Transportation Research Board is one of seven major programs of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to increase the benefits that transportation contributes to society by providing leadership in transportation innovation and progress through research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective, interdisciplinary, and multimodal. The Board’s varied committees, task forces, and panels annually engage about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. Learn more about the Transportation Research Board at www.TRB.org.

TOPIC PANEL S04-17 DAVID BEAVER, Owatonna Degner Regional Airport, Owatonna, Minnesota SCOTT R. BRUMMOND, Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Madison, Wisconsin BRETT FAY, Hillsborough County Aviation Authority, Tampa, Florida CHRISTIAN SALMON, Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts MEAGHAN SMALLEY, Jacksonville Aviation Authority (JAA), Jacksonville, Florida CATHRYN STEPHENS, Eugene Airport, Eugene, Oregon RAYVON WILLIAMS, Watsonville Municipal Airport, Watsonville, California MARC TONNACLIFF, Federal Aviation Administration (Liaison) SYNTHESIS STUDIES STAFF STEPHEN R. GODWIN, Director for Studies and Special Programs JON M. WILLIAMS, Program Director, IDEA and Synthesis Studies JO ALLEN GAUSE, Senior Program Officer GAIL R. STABA, Senior Program Officer DONNA L. VLASAK, Senior Program Officer TANYA M. ZWAHLEN, Consultant DON TIPPMAN, Senior Editor CHERYL KEITH, Senior Program Assistant DEMISHA WILLIAMS, Senior Program Assistant DEBBIE IRVIN, Program Associate COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS STAFF CHRISTOPHER W. JENKS, Director, Cooperative Research Programs MICHAEL R. SALAMONE, Senior Program Officer JEFFRY OSER, Program Associate EILEEN P. DELANEY, Director of Publications ACRP COMMITTEE FOR PROJECT 11-03 CHAIR JOSHUA D. ABRAMSON, Easterwood Airport, College Station, Texas JULIE KENFIELD, Jacobsen/Daniels Associates LLC, Garden City, Texas MEMBERS DEBBIE K. ALKE, Montana Department of Transportation, Helena, Montana DAVID K. BYERS, Quadrex Aviation, LLC, Melbourne, Florida DAVID N. EDWARDS, JR., Greenville–Spartanburg Airport District, Greer, South Carolina BRENDA L. ENOS, Massachusetts Port Authority, East Boston, Massachusetts LINDA HOWARD, Independent Aviation Consultant, Bastrop, Texas ARLYN PURCELL, Port Authority of New York & New Jersey, New York, New York FAA LIAISON PATRICK W. MAGNOTTA AIRCRAFT OWNERS AND PILOTS ASSOCIATION LIAISON ADAM WILLIAMS AIRPORTS CONSULTANTS COUNCIL LIAISON MATTHEW J. GRIFFIN AIRPORTS COUNCIL INTERNATIONAL–NORTH AMERICA LIAISON LIYING GU TRB LIAISON CHRISTINE GERENCHER Cover figure: Top right: Full-scale Exercise at Hector International Airport (FAR photo, used by permission). Lower left: Table Top Exercise at Denver International Airport (DEN photo, used by permission). Lower right: Table Top Exercise at Denver International Airport (DEN photo, used by permission).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The researchers wish to acknowledge the generous sharing of time and experience by the airport experts who contributed to this study by being interviewed or providing documentation: Airport Contributors Aspen/Pitkin County Airport John Kinney, CM Bismarck Airport Matthew Remynse Blue Grass Airport (Lexington) Scott Lanter, AAE Blue Ridge Regional Airport Jason Davis Boise International Airport Sarah Demory, AAE Burbank Bob Hope Airport Lucy M. Burghdorf Cecil Airport Justin Fletcher Centennial Airport Lorie Hinton Colorado Springs Airport Brett Miller, ACE Denver International Airport Laura Coale, Jason Taussig, Steve Lee, AAE Devils Lake Airport John M. Nord DFW International Airport Paul Martinez, Mary Jo Polidore, Phillip Mongeu, David McCurdy Eagle River Union Airport Robert Hom Eugene Airport Cathryn Stephens, AAE, Tammie Hartje Fort Dodge Regional Airport Rhonda Chambers Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport Michael Nonnemacher, AAE Grove Regional Airport Lisa Jewett, Mike Reed Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport Gus Hudson Hector International Airport (Fargo) Darren Anderson, CM, David Bush Jacksonville International Airport Meaghan Smalley Joplin Regional Airport Steve Stockam, Peter Kaufmann Lakeland Linder Regional Airport Nan Walsh, CM, Adam Lunn, CM, ACE, Brett Fay, CM, John Maddox Lambert-St. Louis International Airport Elizabeth Smart, AAE Livermore Airport Leander Hauri, AAE, Justin Drinkwater Los Angeles International Airport Mary Grady, Jacqueline Yaft, Cassandra Heredia, Richard Chong Martha’s Vineyard Airport Sean C. Flynn, CM Memphis International Airport Roger Riddle Miami International Airport, Miami-Opa Dan Agostino, Nelson Mejias, Phil DiMaria, Nicolas Marian Locka Executive Airport Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport Kristi Rollwagen Morristown Airport Rosemary Rizzo, AAE, ACE New River Valley Airport Keith Holt North Little Rock Airport Clay Rogers Orlando International Airport Duane Kann, Tom Draper Owatonna Degner Regional Airport Dave Beaver Phoenix Deer Valley Airport Ed Faron, AAE Phoenix Goodyear Airport Joseph A. Husband, CM Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport Christopher Rausch, ACE Raleigh-Durham International Airport John K. Graves Range Regional Airport Shaun Germolus,CM Reno-Tahoe Airport Mike Scott, AAE, Thomas Nelson, Jaime Edrosa, Christina Gonzales, Romona Fisher, CM Rochester (MN) International Airport & Kurt Claussen, Tiana Russow, Ken Jones City of Rochester Rock Hill–York County Airport Steven Gould, CM Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport Paul Malandrino Salt Lake City International Airport Terry R. Craven, CM, ACE San Francisco International Airport Toshia Shavies Marshall, Larry Mares Savannah/Hilton Head International Airport Fred McCosby, AAE Seattle Tacoma International Airport Kristine Ball Soldotna Airport Kyle Kornelis Southwest Florida International Airport Lisa LeBlanc-Hutchings Watsonville Municipal Airport Rayvon Williams, CM, Daniel Bloecher, Marjorie Bachman, Tom Hail, Rosa Meyer Western Nebraska Regional Airport Raul Aguallo Willow Run Airport Col. Christopher J. Mullin, USMC (Ret.), CM, David DiMaria, CM Yeager Airport Nick Keller, CM Yuma International Airport Gladys Wiggins The research team thanks the publisher and editor of Airport Improvement Magazine and Kristin Vanderhey Shaw, the author of the article “2015 Recertification Full-scale Exercise with Emphasis on Social Media Use” that appeared in the November/December 2015 issue of that magazine. Peggy Gray took the pictures for the article and to document the drill for the airport; she graciously gave permission to reproduce her photographs. The research team also wishes to thank Kim Stevens of the National Association of State Aviation Officers (NASAO) and Kyle C. Wanner of the North Dakota Aeronautics Commission for their assistance with the canvass of the states concerning state exercise requirements. Throughout the study, the topic panel and the ACRP project officer provided sound advice, practical assistance, and encouragement.

FOREWORD Every airport can find benefits from going beyond regulatory minima for training and exercises. This is true of the FAR Part 139 airports as well as for the general aviation airports. The focus of the report is on exercise practices that can be used by small airports; that is, general aviation, reliever, non-hub, and small hub airports. The most direct and useful parts of this report are the sample exercise tools and plans, the checklist of effective practices for tabletop and full-scale emergency exercises, and a road map for developing an effective exercise program. In every instance, this report seeks to enable the reader to be able “grab and go” with many of the ideas and sample exercise materials presented in this effort. James F. Smith, Smith–Woolwine Associates, Inc; Ricardo E. Garcia; John M. Sawyer, JMS Airfield Safety Consulting LLC; and Kimberly A. Kenville, University of North Dakota, col- lected and synthesized the information and wrote the report. The members of the topic panel are acknowledged on the preceding page. This synthesis is an immediately useful docu- ment that records the practices that were acceptable within the limitations of the knowledge available at the time of its preparation. As progress in research and practice continues, new knowledge will be added to that now at hand. Airport administrators, engineers, and researchers often face problems for which informa- tion already exists, either in documented form or as undocumented experience and practice. This information may be fragmented, scattered, and unevaluated. As a consequence, full knowledge of what has been learned about a problem may not be brought to bear on its solution. Costly research findings may go unused, valuable experience may be overlooked, and due consideration may not be given to recommended practices for solving or alleviat- ing the problem. There is information on nearly every subject of concern to the airport industry. Much of it derives from research or from the work of practitioners faced with problems in their day-to-day work. To provide a systematic means for assembling and evaluating such useful information and to make it available to the entire airport community, the Airport Coop- erative Research Program authorized the Transportation Research Board to undertake a continuing project. This project, ACRP Project 11-03, “Synthesis of Information Related to Airport Practices,” searches out and synthesizes useful knowledge from all available sources and prepares concise, documented reports on specific topics. Reports from this endeavor constitute an ACRP report series, Synthesis of Airport Practice. This synthesis series reports on current knowledge and practice, in a compact format, without the detailed directions usually found in handbooks or design manuals. Each report in the series provides a compendium of the best knowledge available on those measures found to be the most successful in resolving specific problems. PREFACE By Gail R. Staba Senior Program Officer Transportation Research Board

CONTENTS xiii ACRONYMS 1 SUMMARY 3 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Definitions of Types of Exercises, 3 Exercises That Airports Use, 5 Study Methodology, 5 Results, 8 9 CHAPTER TWO RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO AIRPORTS Publications, 9 Courses, 10 Videos, 12 Blogs, 13 14 CHAPTER THREE SURVEY RESULTS Airport Structure, 14 National Incident Management System and Incident Command System Implementation, 14 Airport Staffing, 14 Types of Exercises Used, 16 Staff Training for Exercise Development, 16 Exercise Development, 17 Exercise Development Tools and Processes Used, 17 Contact Lists, 18 When Tabletop Exercises Are Used, 18 Scenarios, 19 Design of Exercises, 22 Participants in Exercises, 23 Settings and Locations, 25 Props and Equipment Used in Exercises, 25 Other Types of Exercises, 25 Exercise Evaluation, 25 Defining a Successful Exercise, 27 Applying the Lessons Learned from Exercises, 27 Exercise Materials Desired by Airports, 27 29 CHAPTER FOUR CASE EXAMPLES Case Example 1: Denver International Airport (DEN) Training Exercise and Design Group, 29 Case Example 2: Boise International Airport (BOI), 34 Case Example 3: Rochester International Airport (RST), 35 Case Example 4: Lakeland Linder Regional Airport (LAL), 40 Case Example 5: Miami–Opa Locka Executive Airport (OPF), 44 Case Example 6: Owatonna Degner Regional Airport (OWA), 46 Common Themes from Case Examples, 49

50 CHAPTER FIVE ENHANCING EXERCISES AT GENERAL AVIATION, NON-HUB, AND SMALL HUB AIRPORTS Sample Emergency Exercise Materials, 50 Essential and Desirable Elements to Enhance Emergency Exercises, 51 52 CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH 54 GLOSSARY 57 REFERENCES 59 APPENDIX A SURVEY QUESTIONS AND RESPONSES 77 APPENDIX B PARTICIPATING AIRPORTS 81 APPENDIX C GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: FUNCTIONAL EXERCISE #1– ALERT 3 TIME RESPONSE AND ICP EXERCISE 82 APPENDIX D GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: TARMAC EVACUATION EXERCISE 83 APPENDIX E GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: OVERALL OBJECTIVES LAL 85 APPENDIX F TABLE TOP DRILL SCENARIO: HURRICANE (JAX) 86 APPENDIX G TABLE TOP DRILL SCENARIO: FAMILY ASSISTANCE (RSW) 87 APPENDIX H FULL-SCALE SCENARIO: AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY (RNO) 88 APPENDIX I FULL-SCALE SCENARIO: COMPLEX SCENARIO (RSW) 89 APPENDIX J FUNCTIONAL DRILL: MONTHLY NO-NOTICE FUNCTIONAL DRILL SCENARIO FROM LAL 90 APPENDIX K EXERCISE PLANNING CHECKLIST FOR TABLE TOP (RNO) 93 APPENDIX L EXERCISE PLANNING CHECKLIST AND TIMELINE: FULL-SCALE EXERCISE (PHX) 103 APPENDIX M FULL-SCALE SCENARIO: DETAILED TIMELINE FOR EXERCISE/MASTER SCENARIO EVENTS LIST (MSEL) (HIB) 107 APPENDIX N EXERCISE BRIEF: AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY TABLE TOP WITH MUTUAL AID PARTNERS (JNL)

108 APPENDIX O EXERCISE COMMUNICATION PLAN (JAX) 109 APPENDIX P EXERCISE SAFETY PLAN: FULL-SCALE EXERCISE SAFETY PLAN (LAL) 111 APPENDIX Q EVALUATION PLAN AND FORMS: EMERGENCY EXERCISE EVALUATION FORM (EUG 2014) 112 APPENDIX R EVALUATION FORMS: PARTICIPANT FEEDBACK SUMMARY FORM (RNO 2015) 114 APPENDIX S EVALUATION CHECKLIST: EVALUATION CHECKLIST FOR TABLE TOP EXERCISE (RNO 2015) 118 APPENDIX T POST-EVENT DOCUMENTATION/HOT WASH SUMMARY: HOT WASH COMMENTS FROM LAL FULL-SCALE EXERCISE (LAL) 119 APPENDIX U POST-EVENT DOCUMENTATION/HOT WASH SUMMARY: HOT WASH DEBRIEF FOR TRIENNIAL EXERCISE (EUG 2014) 122 APPENDIX V POST-EVENT DOCUMENTATION/AFTER ACTION REPORT: AAR FOR TTX (JAX 2013) 126 APPENDIX W POST-EVENT DOCUMENTATION/AFTER ACTION REVIEW: AAR/EMERGENCY PLAN REVIEW (OPF 2015) 129 APPENDIX X POST-EVENT DOCUMENTATION/AFTER ACTION REVIEW & IMPROVEMENT PLAN (AAR/IP LAL 2013) 134 APPENDIX Y COMPLETE FULL-SCALE EXERCISE PLAN (HSEEP-BASED) (EUG 2014) 143 APPENDIX Z CHECKLIST FOR CREATING AND IMPROVING EMERGENCY EXERCISES AT GA, NON-HUB, AND SMALL HUB AIRPORTS 146 APPENDIX AA ROAD MAP FOR DEVELOPMENT OF EXERCISE PROGRAM Note: Photographs, figures, and tables in this report may have been converted from color to grayscale for printing. The electronic version of the report (posted on the web at www.trb.org) retains the color versions.

AC Advisory Circular (FAA) AAE Accredited Airport Executive AAR After action review AAR/IP After action review/improvement plan A-CERT Airport Community Emergency Response Team ACE Airport Certified Employee ACI Airports Council International ACM Airport certification manual AEP Airport emergency plan AirTap Airport Technical Assistance Program (Minnesota) AOA Air operations area APA Centennial Airport API Airport Performance Indicator ARFF Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting ASE Aspen/Pitken County Airport ASP Airport security program ATC Air traffic control ATCT Air traffic control tower ATL Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport AVSEC Aviation Security BFF Western Nebraska Regional Airport BIS Bismarck International Airport BOI Boise International Airport BUR Bob Hope Airport CBP U.S. Customs and Border Protection CDP Center for Domestic Preparedness in Anniston, AL CERT Community Emergency Response Team CFR Code of Federal Regulations CFRPC Central Florida Regional Planning Commission CM Certified Member (AAAE) COMM Communications COS Colorado Springs Municipal Airport CRW Yeager Airport CS Non-primary commercial service airport in Essential Air Service program CTOS Center for Rad/Nuclear Training at the Nevada Test Site DCA Washington Ronald Reagan National Airport DEN Denver International Airport DFW Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport DIA Denver International Airport (acronym used by airport and city) DVL Devils Lake Regional Airport DVT Phoenix Deer Valley Airport EAS Essential Air Service EGV Eagle River Union Airport EM Emergency management EMI Emergency Management Institute (of FEMA) EMP Emergency Management Plan EOC Emergency operations center EPG Executive Policy Group EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPM Emergency Procedures Manual EUG Eugene Airport EXPLAN Exercise plan ACRONYMS

FAR Federal Aviation Regulation FAR Hector International Airport FBO Fixed base operator FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FLL Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport FOD Fort Dodge Regional Airport FOUO For official use only FSD Federal Security Director GA General aviation airport GA General aviation GMJ Grove Regional Airport GYR Phoenix Goodyear Airport HAZMAT Hazardous materials HIB Range Regional Airport HSEEP Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program IAEM International Association of Emergency Managers IAP Incident action plan IC Incident commander ICP Incident command post ICS Incident Command System IMT Incident Management Team IP Improvement Plan IT Information technology IWA Phoenix–Mesa Gateway Airport JAX Jacksonville International Airport JIC Joint information center JIO Joint information officer JLN Joplin Regional Airport LAL Lakeland Linder Regional Airport LAWA Los Angeles World Airports LAX Los Angeles International Airport LEO Law enforcement officer, law enforcement organization LEX Blue Grass Airport LH Large hub airport LPD Lakeland (FL) Police Department LVK Livermore Municipal Airport MAC Metropolitan Airports Commission MACC Multi-agency coordination center MCO Orlando International Airport MDAD Miami–Dade Aviation Department MDFR Miami–Dade Fire Rescue MDPD Miami–Dade Police Department MEM Memphis International Airport MH Medium hub airport MIA Miami International Airport MMU Morristown Municipal Airport MSEL Master Scenario Events List MSP Minneapolis–St. Paul International Airport MTV Blue Ridge Airport MVY Martha’s Vineyard Airport MWAA Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority NAS National Airspace System Navaid Navigation aid NH Non-hub primary airport NIMS National Incident Management System NOTAM Notice to Airmen NPIAS National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems

NTSB National Transportation Safety Board NYL Yuma International Airport O&M Operations and maintenance OPF Miami–Opa Locka Executive Airport ORK North Little Rock Municipal Airport OWA Owatonna Degner Regional Airport PA Public address PHX Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport PIO Public information officer PR Public relations PSK New River Valley International Airport RDU Raleigh–Durham International Airport RL Reliever airport RNO Reno–Tahoe International Airport RSW Southwest Florida International Airport SAV Savannah/Hilton Head International Airport SEA Seattle–Tacoma International Airport SFO San Francisco International Airport SH Small hub airport SLC Salt Lake City International Airport SME Subject matter expert SOP Standard operating procedure SSI Sensitive Security Information STL Lambert–St. Louis International Airport SXQ Soldotna Airport TMB Miami Executive Airport TNT Dade–Collier Training and Transition Airport TTX Tabletop exercise UC Unified command UZA Rock Hill–York County Airport VQQ Cecil Airport WVI Watsonville Municipal Airport X51 Miami Homestead General Aviation Airport YIP Willow Run Airport

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ACRP Synthesis 72: Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports provides small airports with the tools and practices needed to practice emergency response. The report provides sample exercise tools and plans, a checklist of effective practices for tabletop and full-scale emergency exercises, and a road map for developing an effective exercise program.

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