EXPLORING THE ROLE OF
ACCREDITATION IN ENHANCING
QUALITY AND INNOVATION IN
HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION
Proceedings of a Workshop
Patricia A. Cuff and Megan M. Perez, Rapporteurs
Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education
Board on Global Health
Health and Medicine Division
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and Academic Collaboration for Integrative Health, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Aetna Foundation, Alliance for Continuing Education in the Health Professions, American Academy of Nursing, American Association of Colleges of Nursing, American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, American Board of Family Medicine, American College of Nurse-Midwives, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists/American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American Council of Academic Physical Therapy, American Dental Education Association, American Medical Association, American Occupational Therapy Association, American Psychological Association, American Society for Nutrition, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Association of American Medical Colleges, Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges, Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, Association of Schools of the Allied Health Professions, Athletic Training Strategic Alliance, Council on Social Work Education, Ghent University, Health Resources and Services Administration, The Jonas Center for Nursing and Veterans Healthcare, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Kaiser Permanente, National Academies of Practice, National Association of Social Workers, National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc. and Affiliates, National Board of Medical Examiners, National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc., National League for Nursing, Office of Academic Affiliations—Veterans Health Administration, Organization for Associate Degree Nursing, Physician Assistant Education Association, Society for Simulation in Healthcare, THEnet—Training for Health Equity Network, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and the University of Toronto. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-44925-0
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-44925-1
Digital Object Identifier: 10.17226/23636
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Copyright 2017 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring the role of accreditation in enhancing quality and innovation in health professions education: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23636.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR THE ROLE OF ACCREDITATION IN ENHANCING QUALITY AND INNOVATION IN HEALTH PROFESSIONS EDUCATION1
NEIL HARVISON (Co-Chair), American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.
ERIC HOLMBOE (Co-Chair), Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
JENNIFER BUTLIN, American Association of Colleges of Nursing, Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education
JUDITH HALSTEAD, National League for Nursing Commission for Nursing Education Accreditation
PAMELA JEFFRIES, George Washington University School of Nursing
DEBORAH KOCHEVAR, Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
MIGUEL PANIAGUA, National Board of Medical Examiners
JO ANN REGAN, Council on Social Work Education
ZOHRAY TALIB, George Washington University Medical School
PETER H. VLASSES, Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education
___________________
1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
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GLOBAL FORUM ON INNOVATION IN HEALTH PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION1,2
MALCOLM COX (Co-Chair), University of Pennsylvania, formerly U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
SUSAN SCRIMSHAW (Co-Chair), The Sage Colleges
ROBERT (BOB) ADDLETON, Alliance for Continuing Education in the Health Professions
MARY BARGER, American College of Nurse-Midwives
TIMI AGAR BARWICK, Physician Assistant Education Association
DAVID BENTON, National Council of State Boards of Nursing
MARY BETH BIGLEY, Health Resources and Services Administration
JOANNA CAIN, American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology/American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
MARILYN CHOW, Kaiser Permanente
THOMAS WARREN CLAWSON, National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc. and Affiliates
DARLA SPENCE COFFEY, Council on Social Work Education
DARLENE CURLEY, Jonas Center for Nursing and Veterans Healthcare
JAN DE MAESENEER, Ghent University
MARIETJIE DE VILLIERS, Stellenbosch University
KATHRIN (KATIE) ELIOT, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
ELIZABETH (LIZA) GOLDBLATT, Academic Collaborative for Integrative Health
GARTH GRAHAM, Aetna Foundation
CATHERINE GRUS, American Psychological Association
NEIL HARVISON, American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.
ERIC HOLMBOE, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
ELIZABETH HOPPE, Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry
EMILIA IWU, Jonas Center for Nursing and Veterans Healthcare
PAMELA JEFFRIES, George Washington University
DARRELL KIRCH, Association of American Medical Colleges
SANDEEP (SUNNY) KISHORE, Young Professionals Chronic Disease Network
ANDREW MACCABE, Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges
LUCINDA MAINE, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy
BEVERLY MALONE, National League for Nursing
MARY E. (BETH) MANCINI, Society for Simulation in Healthcare
ANGELO MCCLAIN, National Association of Social Workers
___________________
1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
2 This is the list of Forum members as of April 22, 2016.
LEMMIETTA G. MCNEILLY, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
MARK MERRICK, Athletic Training Strategic Alliance
DONNA MEYER, Organization for Associate Degree Nursing
WARREN NEWTON, American Board of Family Medicine
BJORG PALSDOTTIR, Training for Health Equity Network (THEnet)
MIGUEL PANIAGUA, National Board of Medical Examiners
RAJATA RAJATANAVIN, Mahidol University
SCOTT REEVES, Kingston University & St. George’s, University of London
ELENA RIOS, National Hispanic Medical Association
EDWARD SALTZMAN, American Society for Nutrition
KAREN SANDERS, Veterans Health Administration
NELSON SEWANKAMBO, Makerere University College of Health Sciences
STEPHEN SHANNON, American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
SUSAN SKOCHELAK, American Medical Association
HARRISON SPENCER, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health
RICHARD (RICK) TALBOTT, Association of Schools of the Allied Health Professions
ZOHRAY TALIB, George Washington University
MARIA TASSONE, University of Toronto
GEORGE THIBAULT, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation
DEBORAH TRAUTMAN, American Association of Colleges of Nursing
RICHARD (RICK) W. VALACHOVIC, American Dental Education Association
SATYA VERMA, National Academies of Practice
PATRICIA HINTON WALKER, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
HOLLY WISE, American Council of Academic Physical Therapy
XUEJUN ZENG, Peking Union Medical College
BRENDA ZIERLER, University of Washington
Global Forum Staff
PATRICIA A. CUFF, Senior Program Officer
MEGAN M. PEREZ, Research Associate
BRIDGET CALLAGHAN, Research Assistant (until January 2017)
AMBAR SAEED, Research Assistant (from February 2017)
BETTINA REDWAY, Intern
FAYE HILLMAN, Financial Officer
PATRICK W. KELLEY, Senior Board Director, Board on Global Health (until August 2016)
JULIE PAVLIN, Board Director, Board on Global Health (from October 2016)
Reviewers
This Proceedings of a Workshop has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published Proceedings of a Workshop as sound as possible and to ensure that the Proceedings of a Workshop meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this Proceedings of a Workshop:
YU-MEI Y. CHAO, Taiwan Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Center and National Taiwan University College of Medicine
DEBBIE L. HETTLER, Office of Academic Affiliations, Veterans Health Administration
MARY ANNE KODA-KIMBLE, University of California, San Francisco, School of Pharmacy
MIGUEL PANIAGUA, National Board of Medical Examiners
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the Proceedings of a Workshop before its release. The review of this Proceedings of a Workshop was overseen by KATHLEEN DRACUP, University of California, San Francisco, School of Nursing. She was responsible for making certain
that an independent examination of this Proceedings of a Workshop was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this Proceedings of a Workshop rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the institution.
Acknowledgments
Tremendous thanks goes to the workshop planning committee for developing and executing a timely agenda for studying lessons from past experiences in accreditation that can guide a path forward. In particular, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine would like to thank the workshop planning committee co-chairs, Neil Harvison and Eric Holmboe, who deserve recognition for their leadership in this endeavor, as well as the planning committee members, Jennifer Butlin, Judith Halstead, Pamela Jeffries, Deborah Kochevar, Miguel Paniagua, Jo Ann Regan, Zohray Talib, and Peter H. Vlasses, for their support throughout the workshop. Such an event could not have happened without the keen dedication of the Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education staff, including Patricia Cuff, senior program officer and Forum director; Megan Perez, research associate; Bridget Callaghan, research assistant; and Bettina Redway, intern. Special appreciation goes to Patrick Kelley, Board on Global Health director, for envisioning and establishing the Forum. And most importantly, thanks goes to the 45 sponsors and 57 members of the Forum who make it possible to host events like the workshop described in this proceedings.
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAVMC |
Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges |
ACPE |
Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education |
ARC-PA |
Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant |
AVMA |
American Veterinary Medical Association |
CARF |
Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities |
DG |
Directorate-General |
DVM |
doctor of veterinary medicine |
ECTS |
European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System |
EPA |
entrustable professional activity |
FDA |
U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
HPAC |
Health Professions Accreditors Collaborative |
IAWG |
International Accreditors Working Group |
ICM |
International Confederation of Midwives |
IOM |
Institute of Medicine |
IPE |
interprofessional education |
IPEC |
Interprofessional Education Collaborative |
NCSBN |
National Council of State Boards of Nursing |
NOSM |
Northern Ontario School of Medicine |
OAA |
Office of Academic Affiliation (of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs) |
OHCEA |
One Health Central and Eastern Africa |
OIE |
World Organization for Animal Health |
PA |
physician assistant |
PACT |
patient-aligned care team |
PCORI |
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute |
THEnet |
Training for Health Equity Network |
VA |
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs |
WHO |
World Health Organization |