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Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report (2017)

Chapter: Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

TABLE N-1 Comparison of the Current and Revised Food Packages for Young Infants, Full Nutrition Benefits and Maximum Monthly Allowances (Food Package I)

Current Food Package I Revised Food Package I
Partially breastfed infantsa
Infant formula Birth through 1 month of age:
104 fl oz reconstituted powder
Birth through 1 month of age:
Up to 364 fl ozb,c
1 month through 3 months of age:
About 384 fl oz of iron-fortified formulab (example: 52 oz of powdered formula) FNB = 364 fl oz; MMA = 388 fl oz reconstituted liquid concentrate or 384 fl oz RTF or 435 fl oz reconstituted powder
[12 fl oz of formula per day]
1 month through 3 months of age:
Up to 364 fl oz (no change to FNB or MMA)b,c
4 months through 5 months of age:
About 442 fl oz of iron-fortified formulab (example: 221 fl oz of liquid concentrate) FNB = 442 fl oz; MMA = 460 fl oz, reconstituted liquid concentrate or 474 fl oz RTF or 522 fl oz reconstituted powder
[14 fl oz of formula per day]
4 months through 5 months of age:
Up to 442 fl oz (no change to FNB or MMA)b,c
Fully formula fed infantsa
Infant formula Birth through 3 months of age:
About 806 fl oz of iron-fortified formulab (example: 403 fl oz of liquid concentrate) FNB = 806 fl oz; MMA = 823 fl oz, reconstituted liquid concentrate or 832 fl oz RTF or 870 fl oz reconstituted powder
[26 fl oz of formula per day]
Birth through 3 months of age:
Up to 806 fl oz (no change to FNB or MMA)b,c
4 months through 5 months of age:
About 884 fl oz of iron-fortified formulab (example: 442 fl oz of liquid concentrate) FNB = 884 fl oz; MMA = 896 fl oz, reconstituted liquid concentrate or 913 fl oz RTF or 960 fl oz reconstituted powder
[29 fl oz of formula per day]
4 months through 5 months of age:
Up to 884 fl oz (no change to FNB or MMA)b,c
Participant eligibility
Partially breastfed infantsa
Birth through 5 months of age No change
Fully formula fed infantsa
Birth through 5 months of age No change
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

NOTES: fl oz = fluid ounce(s); FNB = full nutrition benefit; MMA = maximum monthly allowance; RTF = ready-to-feed.

a Infants are certified without respect to the feeding method to be used; however, the amount of formula prescribed for infants will vary depending on the WIC staff assessment of needs.

b The number of reconstituted fl oz of formula refers to the amount as prepared according to directions on the container.

c Following a detailed assessment of the needs of the mother–infant dyad by WIC staff, infants may be issued the quantity of formula needed to support any level of breastfeeding, up to the full nutrition benefit. The corresponding MMA amounts that account for the form of formula (ready-to-feed and concentrate) are unchanged from those presented in the Final Rule. Infant formula amounts for all infants should be individually tailored to the amounts that meet their nutritional needs.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

TABLE N-2 Comparison of the Current and Revised Food Packages for Older Infants, Full Nutrition Benefits and Maximum Monthly Allowances (Food Package II)

Current Food Package II Revised Food Package II
Fully breastfed infantsa
Food group
Vegetables and fruits 256 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits
[8.5 oz per day]
128 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits
or
64 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits and $10 CVV
or
0 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits and $20 CVVc
[4.3 or 2.1 oz per day in jar form]
Grains 24 oz of iron-fortified infant cereal
[0.80 oz per day]
16 oz of iron-fortified infant cereal
[0.53 oz per day]
Total protein foods 77.5 oz of infant food meat
[2.6 oz per day]
40 ounces of infant food meatd
[1.3 ounces per day]
Partially breastfed infantsa
Specialty food
Infant formula About 312 fl oz of iron-fortified formulab (example: 156 fl oz of liquid concentrate) FNB = 312 fl oz; MMA = 315 fl oz, reconstituted liquid concentrate or 338 fl oz RTF or 384 fl oz reconstituted powder
[10 fl oz of formula per day]
Up to 312 fl oz of infant formula (no change in FNB or MMA)b,e
[10 fl oz of formula per day]
Food group
Vegetables and fruits 128 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits
[4.3 oz per day]
128 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits
or
64 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits and $10 CVV
or
0 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits and $20 CVVc
[4.3 or 2.1 oz per day in jar form]
Grains 24 oz of iron-fortified infant cereal
[0.80 oz per day]
8 oz of iron-fortified infant cereal
[0.27 oz per day]
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×
Current Food Package II Revised Food Package II
Fully formula fed infantsa
Specialty food
Infant formula About 624 fl oz of iron- fortified formulab (example: 312 fl oz of liquid concentrate) FNB = 624 fl oz; MMA = 630 fl oz, reconstituted liquid concentrate or 643 fl oz RTF or 696 fl oz reconstituted powder
[20 fl oz of formula per day]
Up to 624 fl oz of formula (no change in FNB or MMA)b,e
[20 fl oz of formula per day]
Food group
Fruits and vegetables 128 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits
[4.3 oz per day]
128 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits
or
64 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits and $10 CVV
or
0 oz of jarred infant food vegetables and fruits and $20 CVVc
[4.3 or 2.1 oz per day in jar form]
Grains 24 oz of iron-fortified infant cereal
[0.80 oz per day]
8 oz of infant cereal
[0.27 oz per day]
Participant eligibility
Infants, 6 through 11 months of age No change

NOTES: CVV = cash value voucher; fl oz = fluid ounce(s); FNB = full nutrition benefit; MMA = maximum monthly allowance; oz = ounce(s); RTF = ready-to-feed.

a Infants are certified without respect to the feeding method to be used; however, the amount of formula prescribed for infants will vary depending on whether they are fully breastfed, partially breastfed, or fully formula fed.

b The number of reconstituted fl oz of formula refers to the amount as prepared according to directions on the container.

c Depending upon the amount of infant food vegetables and fruits selected for food package II for infants, $0, $10, or $20 can be provided as CVV.

d Participants may substitute 10 oz of infant food meat with 10 oz of canned fish meeting WIC specifications for this food category.

e Following a detailed assessment of the needs of the mother–infant dyad by WIC staff, infants may be issued the quantity of formula needed to support any level of breastfeeding, up to the full nutrition benefit, which is the amount specified. The corresponding MMA amounts that account for the form of formula (ready-to-feed and concentrate) are unchanged from those presented in the Final Rule. Infant formula amounts for all infants should be individually tailored to the amounts that meet their nutritional needs.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

TABLE N-3 Comparison of the Current and Revised Food Packages for Participants with Special Dietary Needs, Maximum Monthly Allowances (Food Package III)

Current Food Package III Revised Food Package III
Specialty food
WIC formula* About 455 fl oz of liquid concentrate Up to 455 fl oz of liquid concentrate, if appropriate (no change)
Food group
Other WIC foods Participants receive up to the MMA of foods from the life stage-appropriate package Amounts and types of foods in the life-stage package are provided as appropriate
Participant eligibility
Infants, children, and women No change

NOTES: fl oz = fluid ounce(s); MMA = maximum monthly allowance.

* WIC formula means infant formula, exempt infant formula, or WIC-eligible nutritionals. Powder and ready-to-feed may be substituted at rates that provide comparable nutritive value.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

TABLE N-4 Comparison of the Current and Revised Food Packages for Children, Maximum Monthly Allowances (Food Package IV)

Current Food Package IV Revised Food Package IV
Food group
Vegetables and fruits $8 CVV for vegetables and fruits
[0.5 c-eq per day] 1 lb of legumes (or peanut butter as noted below)
[0.13 oz-eq per day] 128 fl oz of vitamin C-rich juice
[4.3 fl oz per day]
$12 CVV for vegetables and fruits
[0.7 c-eq per day] 1 lb every 3 months of legumesa,b
[0.08 oz-eq per day] 64 fl oz of vitamin C-rich juice
[2.1 fl oz per day]
or
$3 addition to CVV for vegetables and fruits in place of juice
Dairy (milk) 16 qt of milk, with allowed substitutions
[2.1 c-eq per day]
  • 1-year-old: whole milk (3.5%–4% milk fat)
  • 2- to 4-year-old: (1% milk fat or less)
IV-A: 12 qt of milk for 1-year-old children, option to substitute additional qt of yogurtc,d,g,h
[1.5 c-eq per day] IV-B: 14 qt of milk for 2- through 4-year-old children, option to substitute additional qt of yogurte,f,g,h,i
[1.9 c-eq per day] No change in % milk fat
Grains 36 oz of iron-fortified breakfast cereal
[1.2 oz-eq per day] 2 lb of whole grain bread or other whole grain options
[1.1 oz-eq per day]
36 oz of iron-fortified whole-grain breakfast cerealj
[1.2 oz-eq per day] 16–24 oz of whole wheat bread or other whole grain optionsk
[maximum 0.8 oz-eq per day]
Total protein foods 1 dozen eggs
[0.4 oz-eq per day] 18 oz of peanut butter (or legumes as noted above)
[0.6 oz-eq per day]
1 dozen eggsl
[0.4 oz-eq per day] 16–18 oz every 3 months of peanut butterb
[maximum 0.4 oz-eq per day] 10 oz every 3 months of fish
[0.1 oz-eq per day]
Participant eligibility
Children, 1 through 4 years of age No change
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

NOTES: c-eq = cup-equivalents; CVV = cash value voucher; oz-eq = ounce-equivalents.

a States are required to offer both dry legumes (1 lb) and canned legumes (64 oz or four 15–16 oz cans). Legumes are provided 1 month per quarter (or once every 3 months).

b Legumes and peanut butter must be provided and are not interchangeable. Participants may be issued legumes (1 lb dry or 64 oz
[four 15–16 oz cans]) in place of peanut butter in the case of a peanut allergy.

c Whole milk is the standard milk for issuance to 1-year-old children (12 through 23 months). At a state agency option, fat-reduced milks may be issued to 1-year-old children for whom overweight or obesity is a concern. The need for fat-reduced milks for 1-year-old children must be based on an individual nutritional assessment and consultation with the child’s health care provider if necessary, as established by state agency policy (current policy is unchanged).

d Children receiving food package IV-A may substitute 1 lb of cheese and 1 qt of yogurt (30 to 32 oz are allowed at the discretion of the state agency) for 4 qt of milk or 2 qt of yogurt for 2 qt of milk. State agencies do not have the option to issue additional amounts of cheese or yogurt beyond these maximums even with medical documentation. At state agency option, low-fat or nonfat yogurt may be issued to 1-year-old children for whom overweight and obesity is a concern. The need for low-fat or nonfat yogurt for 1-year-old children must be based on an individual nutritional assessment and consultation with the child’s health care provider if necessary, as established by state agency policy.

e Low-fat (1 percent) or nonfat milks are the standard milk for issuance to children ≥24 months of age. Reduced fat (2 percent) milk is authorized only for participants with certain conditions, including but not limited to, underweight and maternal weight loss during pregnancy. The need for reduced fat (2 percent) milk must be based on an individual nutritional assessment as established by state agency policy (no change from the Final Rule).

f Children receiving food package IV-B may substitute 1 lb of cheese and 1 qt of yogurt for 4 qt of milk, or 2 qt of yogurt for 2 qt of milk. State agencies do not have the option to issue additional amounts of cheese or yogurt beyond these maximums even with medical documentation.

g For children, issuance of tofu and soy-based beverage as substitutes for milk must be based on an individual nutritional assessment and consultation with the participant’s health care provider if necessary, as established by state agency policy. Such determination can be made for situations that include, but are not limited to, milk allergy, lactose intolerance, and vegan diets. Soy-based beverage may be substituted for milk for children on a qt for qt basis up to the total maximum allowance of milk. Tofu may be substituted for milk for children at the rate of 1 lb of tofu per 1 qt of milk.

h Evaporated milk may be substituted at the rate of 16 fl oz of evaporated milk per 32 fl oz of fluid milk or a 1:2 fluid ounce substitution ratio. Dry milk may be substituted at an equal reconstituted rate to fluid milk.

i Low-fat or nonfat yogurts are the only types of yogurt authorized for children ≥24 months of age or women. Soy-based yogurt or soy-based cheese substitutes are authorized yogurt and cheese options for individuals with a milk allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

j All breakfast cereals on the state agency’s authorized food list must meet the whole grain-rich criteria as described in Chapter 6, Table 6-4.

k Whole wheat bread must be authorized. State agencies have the option to also authorize brown rice, bulgur, oatmeal, whole grain barley, cornmeal (including blue), corn masa flour, whole wheat macaroni (pasta) products, soft corn or whole wheat tortillas, buckwheat, corn masa flour, or teff in the range specified.

l A substitution of dry legumes (1 lb) or canned legumes (64 oz or four 15–16 oz cans) for each 1 dozen eggs is permitted for individuals with an egg allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

TABLE N-5 Comparison of the Current and Revised Food Packages for Pregnant Women and Partially Breastfeeding Women, Maximum Monthly Allowances (Food Package V)

Current Food Package V Revised Food Packages V-A and V-B
Food group
Vegetables and fruits $11 CVV for vegetables and fruits
[0.7 c-eq per day] 1 lb of legumes
[0.25 oz-eq per day] 144 fl oz of vitamin C-rich juice
[4.8 fl oz per day]
CVV for vegetables and fruits: V-A: $15
[0.9 c-eq per day] V-B: $25
[1.5 c-eq per day] 2 lb every 3 months of legumesa,b
[0.17 oz-eq per day] 64 fl oz of vitamin C-rich juice
[2.1 fl oz per day]
or
$3 addition to the CVV for vegetables and fruits in place of juice
Dairy (milk) 22 qt of milk, 1% milk fat or less, with allowed substitutions
[2.9 c-eq per day]
16 qt of milk, option to substitute additional qt of yogurtc,d,e,f
[2.1 c-eq per day] No change in % milk fat
Grains 36 oz of iron-fortified breakfast cereal
[1.2 oz-eq per day] 1 lb of whole grain bread or other whole grain options
[0.5 oz-eq per day]
36 oz of iron-fortified whole grain breakfast cereal
[1.2 oz-eq per day] 16–24 oz of whole wheat bread or other whole grain optionsg
[maximum 0.8 oz-eq per day]
Total protein foods 1 dozen eggs
[0.4 oz-eq per day] 18 oz of peanut butter
[0.6 oz-eq per day]
1 dozen eggsh
[0.4 oz-eq per day] 16–18 oz every 3 months of peanut butterb
[maximum 0.4 oz-eq per day] V-A: 10 oz every 3 months of fish
[0.1 oz-eq per day] V-B: 30 oz every 3 months of fish
[0.3 oz-eq per day]
Participant eligibility
Length of eligibility
Eligibility during pregnancy No change
Throughout pregnancy
Eligibility after giving birth No change
Up to 1 year postpartum
Description of breastfeeding
Definition of breastfeeding: Definition of breastfeeding:
Breastfeeding an average of once per day No change
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×
Current Food Package V Revised Food Packages V-A and V-B
Definition of partially breastfeeding: Definition of partially breastfeeding:
Breastfeeding and requesting formula in amounts that do not exceed approximately half the amount of formula allowed for a fully formula-fed infant No change

NOTES: c-eq = cup-equivalents; CVV = cash value voucher; oz-eq = ounce-equivalents.

a Two pounds of dry legumes or 128 oz (eight 15–16 oz cans) of canned legumes are provided once per quarter (once every 3 months).

b Legumes and peanut butter must be provided and are not interchangeable. Participants may be issued legumes (1 lb dry or 64 oz [four 15–16 oz cans]) in place of peanut butter in the case of a peanut allergy.

c Low-fat (1%) or nonfat milks are the standard milk for issuance to women. Reduced fat (2%) milk is authorized only for participants with certain conditions, including but not limited to, underweight and maternal weight loss during pregnancy. The need for reduced fat (2%) milk must be based on an individual nutritional assessment as established by state agency policy (no change from the current policy).

d Evaporated milk may be substituted at the rate of 16 fl oz of evaporated milk per 32 fl oz of fluid milk or a 1:2 fluid ounce substitution ratio. Dry milk may be substituted at an equal reconstituted rate to fluid milk.

e For women receiving food package V, two substitution options are available for milk: 1 lb of cheese and 1 qt of yogurt (30 to 32 oz are allowed at the discretion of the state agency) may substitute for 4 qt of milk or 2 qt of yogurt may substitute for 2 qt of milk. Low-fat or nonfat yogurts are the only types of yogurt authorized for women. State agencies do not have the option to issue additional amounts of cheese or yogurt beyond these maximums even with medical documentation. Soy-based yogurt or soy-based cheese substitutes are authorized yogurt and cheese options for individuals with a milk allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

f For women, soy-based beverage may be substituted for milk on a quart-for-quart basis up to the total maximum allowance of milk. Tofu may be substituted for milk at the rate of 1 lb of tofu per 1 qt of milk. Additional amounts of tofu may be substituted, up to the maximum allowances for fluid milk, for lactose intolerance or other reasons, as established by state agency policy.

g Whole wheat bread must be authorized. State agencies have the option to also authorize brown rice, bulgur, oatmeal, whole grain barley, cornmeal (including blue), corn masa flour, whole wheat macaroni (pasta) products, soft corn or whole wheat tortillas, buckwheat, corn masa flour, or teff in the range specified.

h A substitution of dry legumes (1 lb) or canned legumes (64 oz or four 15–16 oz cans) for each 1 dozen eggs is permitted for individuals with an egg allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

TABLE N-6 Comparison of the Current and Revised Food Packages for Nonbreastfeeding Postpartum Women, Maximum Monthly Allowances (Food Package VI)

Current Food Package VI Revised Food Package VI
Food group
Vegetables and fruits $11 CVV for vegetables and fruits
[0.7 c-eq per day] 1 lb of legumes (or peanut butter as noted below)
[0.25 oz-eq per day] 96 fl oz of vitamin C-rich juice
[3.2 fl oz per day]
$15 CVV for vegetables and fruits
[0.9 c-eq per day] 2 lb every 3 months of legumesa,b
[0.17 oz-eq per day]
and
No juice
Dairy (milk) 16 qt of milk, 1% milk fat or less, with allowed substitutions
[2.1 c-eq per day]
No change in amount or % milk fat, option to substitute additional qt of yogurtc,d,e,f
[2.1 c-eq per day]
Grains 36 oz of iron-fortified breakfast cereal
[1.2 oz-eq per day]
36 oz of iron-fortified whole grain breakfast cereal
[1.2 oz-eq per day]
Total protein foods 1 dozen eggs
[0.4 oz-eq per day] 18 oz of peanut butter (or legumes as noted above)
[0.6 oz-eq per day]
1 dozen eggsg
[0.4 oz-eq per day] 16–18 oz every 3 months of peanut butterb
[maximum 0.4 oz-eq per day] 10 oz every 3 months of fish
[0.1 oz-eq per day]
Participant eligibility
Length of eligibility
Up to 6 months after delivery No change

NOTES: c-eq = cup-equivalents; CVV = cash value voucher; oz-eq = ounce-equivalents.

a States are required to offer both dry legumes and canned legumes. Two lb of dry legumes or 128 oz (eight 15–16 oz cans) of canned legumes are provided once per quarter (once every 3 months).

b Legumes and peanut butter must be provided and are not interchangeable. Participants may be issued legumes (1 lb dry or 64 oz
[four 15–16 oz cans]) in place of peanut butter in the case of a peanut allergy.

c Low-fat (1%) or nonfat milks are the standard milk for issuance to women. Reduced fat (2%) milk is authorized only for participants with certain conditions, including but not limited to, underweight and maternal weight loss during pregnancy. The need for reduced fat (2%) milk must be based on an individual nutritional assessment as established by state agency policy (no change from the current policy).

d Evaporated milk may be substituted at the rate of 16 fl oz of evaporated milk per 32 fl oz of fluid milk or a 1:2 fluid ounce substitution ratio. Dry milk may be substituted at an equal reconstituted rate to fluid milk.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

e For women receiving food package VI, two substitution options are available for milk: 1 lb of cheese and 1 qt of yogurt (30 to 32 oz are allowed at the discretion of the state agency) may substitute for 4 qt of milk or 2 qt of yogurt may substitute for 2 qt of milk. Low-fat or nonfat yogurts are the only types of yogurt authorized for women. State agencies do not have the option to issue additional amounts of cheese or yogurt beyond these maximums even with medical documentation. Soy-based yogurt or soy-based cheese substitutes are authorized yogurt and cheese options for individuals with a milk allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

f For women, soy-based beverage may be substituted for milk on a quart-for-quart basis up to the total maximum allowance of milk. Tofu may be substituted for milk at the rate of 1 lb of tofu per 1 qt of milk. Additional amounts of tofu may be substituted, up to the maximum allowances for fluid milk, for lactose intolerance or other reasons, as established by state agency policy.

g A substitution of dry legumes (1 lb) or canned legumes (64 oz or four 15–16 oz cans) for each 1 dozen eggs is permitted for individuals with an egg allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

TABLE N-7 Comparison of the Current and Revised Food Packages for Fully Breastfeeding Women, Maximum Monthly Allowances (Food Package VII)

Current Food Package VII Revised Food Package VII
Food group
Vegetables and fruits $11 CVV for vegetables and fruits
[0.7 c-eq per day] 1 lb of legumes
[0.25 oz-eq per day] 144 fl oz of vitamin C-rich juice
[4.8 fl oz per day]
$35 in CVV for vegetables and fruits
[2.1 c-eq per day] 2 lb every 3 months of legumesa,b
[0.17 oz-eq per day] 64 fl oz of vitamin C-rich juice
[2.1 fl oz per day]
or
$3 addition to CVV for fresh vegetables and fruits in place of juice
Dairy (milk) 24 qt of milk, 1% milk fat or less, with allowed substitutions
[3.2 c-eq per day] 1 lb of cheese
[about 0.5 oz per day]
16 qt of milk, option to substitute additional qt of yogurtc,d,e,f
[2.1 c-eq per day] No change in % milk fat No cheese, except through milk substitutionse
Grains 36 oz of iron-fortified breakfast cereal
[1.2 oz-eq per day] 1 lb of whole grain bread or other whole grain options
[0.5 oz-eq per day]
36 oz of iron-fortified whole grain breakfast cereal
[1.2 oz-eq per day] 16–24 oz of whole wheat bread or other whole grain optionsg
[maximum 0.8 oz-eq per day]
Total protein foods 2 dozen eggs
[0.8 oz-eq per day] 18 oz of peanut butter
[0.6 oz-eq per day] 30 oz canned fish
[1 oz-eq per day]
2 dozen eggsh
[0.8 oz-eq per day] 16 to 18 oz every 3 months of peanut butterb
[maximum 0.4 oz-eq per day] 60 oz every 3 months of fish
[0.7 oz-eq per day]
Participant eligibility
Length of eligibility
Up to 12 months after delivery Up to 12 months after delivery
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×

NOTES: c-eq = cup-equivalents; CVV = cash value voucher; oz-eq = ounce-equivalents.

a States are required to offer both dry legumes and canned legumes. Two lb of dry legumes or 128 oz (eight 15–16 oz cans) of canned legumes are provided once per quarter (once every 3 months).

b Legumes and peanut butter must be provided and are not interchangeable. Participants may be issued legumes (1 lb dry or 64 oz [four 15–16 oz cans]) in place of peanut butter in the case of a peanut allergy.

c Low-fat (1%) or nonfat milks are the standard milk for issuance to women. Reduced fat (2%) milk is authorized only for participants with certain conditions, including but not limited to, underweight and maternal weight loss during pregnancy. The need for reduced fat (2%) milk must be based on an individual nutritional assessment as established by state agency policy (no change from the current policy).

d Evaporated milk may be substituted at the rate of 16 fl oz of evaporated milk per 32 fl oz of fluid milk or a 1:2 fluid ounce substitution ratio. Dry milk may be substituted at an equal reconstituted rate to fluid milk.

e For women receiving food package VII, three substitution options are available for milk: 1 lb of cheese and 1 qt of yogurt (30 to 32 oz are allowed at the discretion of the state agency) may substitute for 4 qt of milk, 2 qt of yogurt may substitute for 2 qt of milk, or 2 lb of cheese may substitute for 6 qt of milk. Low-fat or nonfat yogurts are the only types of yogurt authorized for women. State agencies do not have the option to issue additional amounts of cheese or yogurt beyond these maximums even with medical documentation. Soy-based yogurt or soy-based cheese substitutes are authorized yogurt and cheese options for individuals with a milk allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

f For women, soy-based beverage may be substituted for milk on a quart-for-quart basis up to the total maximum allowance of milk. Tofu may be substituted for milk at the rate of 1 lb of tofu per 1 qt of milk. Additional amounts of tofu may be substituted, up to the maximum allowances for fluid milk, for lactose intolerance or other reasons, as established by state agency policy.

g Whole wheat bread must be authorized. State agencies have the option to also authorize brown rice, bulgur, oatmeal, whole-grain barley, cornmeal (including blue), corn masa flour, whole wheat macaroni (pasta) products, soft corn or whole wheat tortillas, buckwheat, corn masa flour, or teff in the range specified.

h A substitution of dry legumes (1 lb) or canned legumes (64 oz or four 15–16 oz cans) for each 1 dozen eggs is permitted for individuals with an egg allergy or who consume a vegan diet.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 695
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 696
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 697
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 698
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 699
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 700
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 701
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 702
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 703
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 704
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 705
Suggested Citation:"Appendix N: Comparison of Current and Revised Food Packages." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23655.
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Page 706
Next: Appendix O: Specific Nutrient Comparisons »
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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) began 40 years ago as a pilot program and has since grown to serve over 8 million pregnant women, and mothers of and their infants and young children. Today the program serves more than a quarter of the pregnant women and half of the infants in the United States, at an annual cost of about $6.2 billion. Through its contribution to the nutritional needs of pregnant, breastfeeding, and post-partum women; infants; and children under 5 years of age; this federally supported nutrition assistance program is integral to meeting national nutrition policy goals for a significant portion of the U.S. population.

To assure the continued success of the WIC, Congress mandated that the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reevaluate the program's food packages every 10 years. In 2014, the USDA asked the Institute of Medicine to undertake this reevaluation to ensure continued alignment with the goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. In this third report, the committee provides its final analyses, recommendations, and the supporting rationale.

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