Guide to Value Capture Financing for Public Transportation Projects (2016)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

101 Adams, S. (2008). Portland Streetcar Development Oriented Transit. Office of Transportation, Portland, Oregon, and Portland Streetcar, Inc. Alexander, E. R. (2012). Institutional Design for Value Capture and a Case: The Tel-Aviv Metropolitan Park. International Planning Studies, 17(2), 163–177. All Aboard Florida. (2016). Passenger Train Travel. Retrieved on 1/24/2016 from www.allaboardflorida.com. APTA. (2009). Defining Transit Areas of Influence. APTA. (2015a). Public Transportation Fact Book. Retrieved from www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Documents/ FactBook/2015-APTA-Fact-Book.pdf. APTA. (2015b). APTA Ridership. Retrieved from www.apta.com/resources/statistics/Pages/ridershipreport.aspx. Arts, J., Hanekamp, T., and Dijkstra, A. (2014). Integrating Land-Use and Transport Infrastructure Planning: Towards Adaptive and Sustainable Transport Infrastructure. Paper presented at the Transport Research Arena (TRA) 5th Conference: Transport Solutions from Research to Deployment. Bachels, M., and Newman, P. (2011). Reducing Overall Travel: Transit Oriented Development. In R. a. D. Salter, S. and P. Newman (Eds.), Description of Concrete Mitigation Technologies and Practices in the Transport Sector: Roskilde, Denmark: UNEP Riso Centre. Barrett, D. (2014). Denver Union Station: $500M Public Transportation Infrastructure Project with 5 Public/ Private Partners, and 9 Financing Sources. Retrieved on 1/29/2016 from: www.law.du.edu/documents/ rmlui/conference/powerpoints/2013/Barrett-Diane-Public-Private-Paternship-Case-Study-Denver-Union- Station.pdf. Bernick, M. S., and Freilich, A. E. (1998). Transit Villages and Transit-Based Development: The Rules Are Becoming More Flexible—How Government Can Work with the Private Sector to Make It Happen. The Urban Lawyer. Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 1–31. Boschken, H. L. (2000). Behavior of Urban Public Authorities Operating in Competitive Markets Policy Outcomes in Mass Transit. Administration & Society, 31(6), 726–758. Boston Redevelopment Authority. (2012). Brighton: Guest Street Area Planning Study, March 2012. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/getattachment/dc935a9c-f754-492c-a07b- baa22f912037. Boston Redevelopment Authority. (2015). Boston Landing PDA No. 87 – 4th Amendment to Master Plan 2015-06-26. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.bostonredevelopmentauthority.org/projects/development- projects/boston-landing. Brown, K. (2007). Are Public–Private Transactions the Future of Infrastructure Finance? Public Works Management & Policy, 12(1), 320–324. Brown, J., Nixon, H., and Ramos, E. (2015). The Purpose, Function, and Performance of Streetcar Transit in the Modern U.S. City: A Multiple-Case-Study Investigation. Carlton, I. (2009). Transit Infrastructure Finance Through Station Location Auctions. Berkeley Institute of Urban and Regional Development. Working Paper 2009-004. Case, B., and Wachter, S. (2005). Residential Real Estate Price Indices as Financial Soundness Indicators: Method- ological Issues. In Residential Indicators and Financial Stability, BIS Paper No. 21, pp. 197–211. Washington, D.C.: Bank for International Settlements. CBRE. (2009). Absorption Feasibility and Site Specific Property and Sales Taxes Analysis for Denver D.D.A. and Denver Union Station Project, City and County of Denver, Colorado: Submitted to City and County of Denver, September 2009 Update. October 15, 2009. Cervero, R., Murphy, S., Ferrell, C., Goguts, N., Tsai, Y.-H., Arrington, G. B., Boroski, J., Smith-Heimer, J., Golem, R., Peninger, P., Nakajima, E., Chui, E., Dunphy, R., Myers, M., McKay, S., and Witenstein, N. References

102 Guide to Value Capture Financing for Public Transportation Projects (2004). TCRP Report 102: Transit-Oriented Development in the United States: Experiences, Challenges, and Prospects. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C. Cervero, R., and Murakami, J. (2008). Rail + Property Development: A Model of Sustainable Transit Finance and Urbanism. Working Paper. May 2008. UC Berkeley Center for Future Urban Transport. Cervero, R., and Murakami, J. (2009). Rail and Property Development in Hong Kong: Experiences and Exten- sions. Urban Studies, 46(10), 2019–2043. doi:dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098009339431. City of Celina. (2015). Special Assessment Revenue Bonds (Sutton Fields II Public Improvement Dis- trict), TX. Official Statement, Dated November 10, 2015. Retrieved on 5/8/2016 from emma.msrb.org/ EP890165-EP689245-EP1090956.pdf. City of Portland Bureau of Transportation. (2009). Portland Streetcar System Concept Plan. City of Somerville. (2016). Squares and Neighborhoods – Assembly Square. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www. somervillema.gov/print/departments/ospcd/squares-and-neighborhoods/assembly-square. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (2016). Bill H.4094 189th (Current). An Act Relative to Transportation Infrastructure Value Capture. Retrieved on 5/29/2016 from https://malegislature.gov/Bills/189/House/ H4094/History Connellan, O. (2004). Land Value Taxation in Britain: Experience and Opportunities. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. Denver Union Station Project Authority. (2011). Plan of Finance Prepared for Federal Highway Administration TIFIA Joint Program Office, February 1, 2011. Denver Union Station Project Authority. (2016). Plan of Finance Post Construction, prepared for Federal High- way Administration TIFIA Joint Program Office, dated December, 31, 2015, submitted March 1, 2016. Dittmar, H., and Ohland, G. (2004). The New Transit Town: Best Practices in Transit-Oriented Development: Island Press. Downtown Council of Kansas City. (2015). Downtown Annual Development Report. Retrieved on 5/20/2016. http://www.downtownkc.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/2014_DTC_AR_lowres.pdf. Dugan, P. (2014). The Silver Line Story: A New Route Is Born After Decades of Faulty Planning, Political Paralysis. Retrieved on 4/13/2016 from www.washingtonpost.com/local/trafficandcommuting/the-silver-line-story- a-new-route-is-born-after-decades-of-faulty-planning-political-paralysis/2014/06/23/bdf619c4-f894-11e3- a606-946fd632f9f1_story.html. Dulles Corridor Metrorail Project. (2015). Retrieved from www.dullesmetro.com/about-dulles-rail/what-is- dulles-metrorail/. Fairfax County. (2014). Comprehensive Plan Amendment, Tysons Corner Urban Center, 2014, Amended Through 4-29-2014. Retrieved on 5/12/2016 from www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/comprehensiveplan/area2/ tysons1.pdf. Fairfax County. (2015). Wiehle Avenue Metro Station Garage Wins Public Works Project of the Year Award. Press Release, March 23, 2015. Retrieved on 5/8/2016 from www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/news/apwa- public-works-project-winners.htm. Fairfax County. (2016a). Fund 40110: Dulles Rail Phase II Transportation Improvement District. In FY 2017 Fair- fax County Advertised Budget Plan (Vol. 2), pp. 281–285. Retrieved on 4/13/2016 from www.fairfaxcounty. gov/dmb/fy2017/advertised/volume2/40110.pdf. Fairfax County. (2016b). Fund 40120: Dulles Rail Phase II Transportation Improvement District. In FY 2017 Fairfax County Advertised Budget Plan (Vol. 2), pp. 286–291. Retrieved on 4/13/2016 from www. fairfaxcounty.gov/dmb/fy2017/advertised/volume2/40120.pdf. Fairfax County. (2016c). Fairfax County Tax Rates. Real Estate – Tax Rates and Fees: Tax Year 2016. Retrieved on 4/14/2016 from www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dta/realestatetax_taxrates.htm. Fairfax County Economic Development Authority. (2016). $173, 960,000 Fairfax County Economic Development Authority, Transportation District Improvement Revenue Refunding Bonds (Silver Line Phase I Project), Series 2016. FHWA. (2013). Guidebook for Risk Assessment in Public Private Partnerships. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration Office of Innovative Project Delivery. Retrieved on 5/14/2016 from: www. fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/pdfs/p3/p3_guidebook_risk_assessment_030314.pdf. Fitch Ratings. (2015a). Fitch Affirms Denver Union Station Project Authority’s (CO) 2010 Senior Notes at “A.” November 23, 2015. Retrieved on 4/17/2016 from www.fitchratings.com/site/fitch-home/ pressrelease?id=995185. Fitch Ratings. (2015b). Fitch Affirms Kansas City, Missouri GO & Lease Ratings at “AA” and “A+.” Retrieved on 5/20/2016 from https://www.fitchratings.com/site/pressrelease?id=979337 and http://kcmo.gov/news/2013/ fitch-affirms-city-ratings/. Fitch Ratings. (2016a). International Issuer and Credit Rating Scales. Retrieved on 1/24/2016 from www.fitchratings. com/jsp/general/RatingsDefinitions.faces?context=5&context_ln=5&detail=507&detail_ln=500.

References 103 Fitch Ratings. (2016b). Fitch Rates Fairfax County, VA Econ. Dev. Auth. Revs “AA”; Outlook Stable. Retrieved on 4/13/2016 from www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160219006017/en/Fitch-Rates-Fairfax-County- VA-Econ.-Dev. Fitch Ratings. (2016c). U.S. Tax-Supported Rating Criteria, Master Criteria. Retrieved on 5/25/2016 from https://www.fitchratings.com/site/re/879478. Fogarty, N. A., and America, R. (2008). Capturing the Value of Transit: Center for Transit-Oriented Development. Center for Transit-Oriented Development. Fogarty, N., and Austin, M. (2011). Rails to Real Estate: Development Patterns Along Three New Transit Lines. Center for Transit-Oriented Development. FTA. (2009). Final Policy Statement on the Eligibility of Pedestrian and Bicycle Improvements Under Federal Transit Law. Docket No. FTA-2009-0052. Retrieved on 5/14/2016 from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/ FR-2011-08-19/pdf/2011-21273.pdf. FTA. (2014a). Notice of Issuance of Final Circular: Guidance on Joint Development. Washington, D.C.: Fed- eral Transit Administration. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from:www.fta.dot.gov/documents/FTA_C_7050_1_ Guidance_on_Joint_Development_Circular.pdf. FTA. (2014b). Pilot Program for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Planning. Retrieved on 5/8/2016 from www.transit.dot.gov/funding/grants/applying/pilot-program-transit-oriented-development-tod-planning. FTA. (2015). Recipients for Pilot Program for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Planning Awards. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.fta.dot.gov/grants/15926_16564.html. Geller, J. (2015). New Balance Opens New World Headquarters at Boston Landing. Boston Globe, September 17, 2015. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.bostonglobe.com/business/2015/09/17/new-balance-opens-new- world-headquarters-boston-landing/KEQQERJkqmECS9Y0phViHN/story.html. George, H. (1879). Progress and Poverty. Gihring, T. A. (2009). The Value Capture Approach to Stimulating Transit Oriented Development and Financ- ing Transit Station Area Improvements. Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.vtpi.org/gihing_tod.pdf. Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority. (2016). RTA’s HealthLine—The World-Class Standard for BRT Service. Retrieved on 5/31/2016 from http://www.riderta.com/healthline/about. Gurdgiev, C. (2012). Land Value Taxation and Other Measures for Raising Public Investment Revenue: A Com- parative Study. Available at SSRN 2029515. Hagman, D. G., and Misczynski, D. J. (1978). Windfalls for Wipeouts: Land Value Capture and Compensation. Chicago: American Society Planning Association. Hale, C. (2008). PPPs for Transit Oriented Development–4 Options. Paper presented at the Third International Conference on Funding Transportation Infrastructure. Hong Kong Government (2015). Hong Kong: The Facts. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.gov.hk/en/about/ abouthk/factsheets/docs/population.pdf. Hovee, E. (2008). Streetcar-Development Linkage: The Portland Streetcar Loop. City of Portland Office of Transportation. http://www.nctcog.org/TRANS/tip/private/HoveeStudy_DDOC.pdf. Illinois General Assembly. (2015). Bill Status of SB0277 99th General Assembly, An Act Concerning Finance. Retrieved on 5/29/2016 from http://ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocNum=0277&GAID=13&Doc TypeID=SB&LegID=84238&SessionID=88&SpecSess=&Session=&GA=99. Institute for Transportation Development and Policy. (2016). BRT Standard. Institute for Transportation Develop- ment and Policy. Retrieved October 2016 from https://www.itdp.org/library/standards-and-guides/the-bus- rapid-transit-standard/. Ishmael, P. (2014). Kansas City Streetcar Expansion Proposal Derails at the Polls. Forbes.com. Retrieved on 6/1/2016 from http://www.forbes.com/sites/patrickishmael/2014/08/31/kansas-city-streetcar-expansion-proposal- derails-at-the-polls. Jim, C., and Chen, W. Y. (2009). Value of Scenic Views: Hedonic Assessment of Private Housing in Hong Kong. Landscape and Urban Planning, 91(4), 226–234. Kansas City. (2012a). City Council of the City of Kansas City, Missouri and Board of Commissioners of the Port Authority of Kansas City, Missouri v. Kansas City Area Transportation Authority, et al. Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Judgement Relative to Conducting Formation Election. Circuit Court of Jackson County, Missouri at Kansas City. Retrieved from www.kcmayor.org/cms/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/1216- CV02419jmnt.pdf. Kansas City. (2012b). Community Project/Zoning Ordinance Fact Sheet. Retrieved on 4/20/2016 from: http://cityclerk.kcmo.org/liveweb/Documents/ViewAttachment.aspx?q=tvAmuN%2Bd60mwjXVDp8 rE5d95btfaORRIiZ8KrBlFSZKxWVeRsKp%2B3QdHXDIOnQmAeuk%2FqB5zFnWoG1O9ILTk%2F HUUkJFS3Hs9.

104 Guide to Value Capture Financing for Public Transportation Projects Kansas City. (2012c). Frequently Asked Questions Regarding the Proposal: Kansas City Downtown Street- car Transportation Development District. Retrieved from www.kcsmartmoves.org/pdf/downtownAA/ KCStreetcar-Open-House-TDD-FAQs.pdf. Kansas City. (2016a). FAQ Local Funding to Expand Streetcar. Retrieved on 4/20/2016 from http://kcmo.gov/ streetcar/faq-local-funding-to-expand-streetcar/. Kansas City. (2016b). Adopted City Budget. Retrieved on 5/16/2016. Kansas City Area Transportation Authority. (2013). Kansas City Regional TIGER Application, Kansas City Downtown Streetcar. Retrieved on 4/20/2016 from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc= s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjs882M5evMAhWPsh4KHYCCCWkQFghL MAk&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcata.org%2Fdocuments%2Fuploads%2FT_APPENDIX_C_Down- town_Streetcar__2.pdf&usg=AFQjCNE88TG6yGq3-jsSvh-JL4LNo0o2EA&bvm=bv.122676328,d.dmo and www.transitkc.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/KC-TIGER-V.pdf. Khokhryakova, A. (2013). Financing of The Denver Union Station. Retrieved on 1/29/2016 from: www.law. du.edu/documents/rmlui/conference/powerpoints/2013/KhokhryakovaADUSCaseStudyFinancing-of- The-Denver-Union-Station-DMWEST-9630502-1.pdf. Knaap, G. J., Ding, C., and Hopkins, L. D. (2001). Do Plans Matter? The Effects of Light Rail Plans on Land Values in Station Areas. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 21(1), 32–39. doi:10.1177/0739456x0102100103. Lam, W. H., and Bell, M. G. (2002). Advanced Modeling for Transit Operations and Service Planning. Long, C. (2011). Finance for Real Estate Development. Washington, D.C.: Urban Land Institute. Massachusetts Executive Office of Administration and Finance. (2016). Overview of I-Cubed. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from http://www.mass.gov/anf/budget-taxes-and-procurement/cap-finance/i-cubed/overview- of-i-cubed.html. MassDOT. (2012). MassDOT, New Balance Announce Brighton Station. MassDOT Blog. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from blog.mass.gov/transportation/mbta/new-balance-massdot-announce-brighton-station/. Mass Transit Railway. 2016. Mass Transit Railway System Map. Retrieved on October 2016 from http://www. mtr.com.hk/en/customer/services/system_map.html. Mathur, S. (2014). Innovation in Public Finance Transport: Property Value Capture. London: Ashgate Publishing. Mathur, S., and Smith, A. (2012). A Decision-Support Framework for Using Value Capture to Fund Public Transit: Lessons from Project-Specific Analyses. MTI Report 11-14. San Jose: Mineta Transportation Institute. MBTA. (2016). Design and Construction Project Briefing: Boston Landing at Allston/Brighton Station. 5/9/2016. McIntosh, J., Trubka, R., and Newman, P. (2014). Can Value Capture Work in a Car Dependent City? Willingness to Pay for Transit Access in Perth, Western Australia. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 67, 320–339. doi:dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2014.07.008. Metropolitan Planning Council. (2016). Value Capture Case Studies: Washington, D.C. Metro Expansion to Dulles Airport. Retrieved on 4/16/2016 from www.metroplanning.org/news/6384/Value-Capture-Case- Studies-Washington-DC-Metro-expansion-to-Dulles-Airport. Minnesota Valley Transit Authority. (2016). Retrieved on 1/25/2016 from www.mvta.com/park-and-ride/pa-eagan/. Moody’s Investor Service. (2011). Rating Action: Moody’s Assigns “A2” Rating to $1 Billion of NYC Hudson Yards Infrastructure Corporation Senior Revenue Bonds. Global Credit Research, September 29, 2011. Moody’s Investor Service. (2014) Rating Action: Moody’s assigns “A1” to Kansas City’s $124.5M Special Obliga- tion Bonds, Series 2014 A-C; Outlook is Stable. Moody’s Investor Service. (2016). Rating Symbols and Definitions. Retrieved 10/22/2016 from www.moodys. com/sites/products/AboutMoodysRatingsAttachments/MoodysRatingSymbolsandDefinitions.pdf. Moynihan, P., Flier, R., Conley, C., and McCallum, L. (2016). Outsourcing of Real Estate Management and Development in the Public Sector. Pioneer Institute. Retrieved on 5/8/2016 from bgc.pioneerinstitute.org/ outsourcing-of-real-estate-management-and-development-in-the-public-sector/. MTR Corporation. (2014). MTR Corporation Annual Report. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.mtr.com.hk/ archive/corporate/en/investor/images/E119.pdf. Nelson, A., and Ganning, J. (2015). National Study of BRT Development Outcomes: Final Report. National Insti- tute for Transportation and Communities. Orrick, J., and Datch, D. (2008). Special District Financing for Infrastructure—Sharing the Credit with Local Government. Journal of Taxation and Regulation of Financial Institutions, July/August, 2008, Vol. 21, No 6. Retrieved on 5/8/2016 from www.linowes-law.com/media/site_files/36_JRO.pdf. Padukone, N. (2013). The Unique Genius of Hong Kong’s Public Transportation System. Retrieved 5/21/2016 from www.theatlantic.com/china/archive/2013/09/the-unique-genius-of-hong-kongs-public-transportation- system/279528/. Portland Development Commission. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.pdc.us/our-work.aspx. Ramos, L. E., Brown, J. R., and Nixon, H. (2015). The Transit Performance of Modern-Era Streetcars: A Con- sideration of Five U.S. Cities. Paper presented at the 94th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C.

References 105 Raskin, J. B. (2013). The Routes Not Taken: A Trip Through New York City’s Unbuilt Subway System. New York City: Fordham University Press. Rocheleau, M. (2014). Boston Real Estate Firm to Co-Develop $500M New Balance Complex in Brighton. Boston.com, April 30, 2014. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.boston.com/business/news/2014/04/30/ boston-real-estate-firm-develop-new-balance-complex-brighton/lPNnqRXtT8vybT5Ii8Sf4J/story.html. Salon, D., and Shewmake, S. (2011). Opportunities for Value Capture to Fund Public Transport: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature with a Focus on East Asia. Retrieved on 10/2016 from https://www.itdp.org/wp-content/ uploads/2014/07/Salon_and_Shewmake_Opportunities_for_Value_Capture_to_Fund_Public_Transport.pdf. San Francisco Office of Community Investment and Infrastructure. (2016). Transbay Redevelopment Project Area: Project Description. Retrieved on 08/22/2016 from http://sfocii.org/transbay. Schachter, H., Daniel, J. R., and Liu, R. R. (2014). Feasibility and Efficacy of Public Transportation Partnerships. Scurr, C., and S. Page. (2015). The People’s Transportation Plan: Then and Now, Innovative Financing Solu- tions, MPO Fiscal Priorities Committee, Honorable Daniella Levine-Cava, Chair, July 20, 2015. Retrieved on 5/7/2016 from miamidadempo.org/library/presentations/MPO-Fiscal-Priorities-Committee/fiscal-priorities- committee-peoples-transportation-plan-presentation-2015-07-20.pdf. Semuels A. (2015). New Balance Bought Its Own Commuter Station. The Atlantic. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/05/new-balance-bought-its-own-commuter-rail-station/ 392711/. Smart Growth America (2015). Fast Act Contains New Ways to Finance Transit-Oriented Development. Retrieved 5/21/2016 from: www.smartgrowthamerica.org/2015/12/17/fast-act-contains-new-ways-to-finance-transit- oriented-development/. Standard & Poor’s. (2016). S&P Global Ratings Definitions Retrieved 10/22/2016 from www.standardandpoors. com/en_EU/delegate/getPDF?articleId=1663724&type=COMMENTS&subType=REGULATORY. Stapleton, R. (2009). Tax Increment Financing: Comparing Approaches in Northwest States. Portland State University Center for Real Estate. Quarterly & Urban Development Journal. Retrieved 10/2016 from https:// www.pdx.edu/sites/www.pdx.edu.realestate/files/3Q9-5-Stapleton-TIF-7-28-09.pdf. Switaj, C. (2016). Bruins Break Ground on New Practice Facility in Boston. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from http:// bruins.nhl.com/club/blogpostprint.htm?id=34719BostonBruins.com/. Tang, B., Chiang, Y., Baldwin, A., and Yeung, C. (2004). Study of the Integrated Rail-Property Development Model in Hong Kong. Research Centre for Construction & Real Estate Economics, Department of Building & Real Estate, Faculty of Construction & Land Use, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Thompson, R. (2006). Portland’s Streetcars: Arcadia Publishing. Transbay Transit Center. (2016). Image Gallery. Retrieved on 8/20/2016 from http://transbaycenter.org/ media-gallery/image-gallery/transit-center-architecture. Transit Maps. (2016). Archive of Portland Streetcar System Map 2015. Retrieved 10/2016 at http://transitmap. net/post/129301243690/portland-streetcar-2015. TriMet. (2016). Airport MAX: Red Line. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from trimet.org/pdfs/history/railfactsheet airport.pdf. United States Government Printing Office. (2015). Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (FAST) of 2015. Pub.L. 114-94. Retrieved 5/21/2016 from www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-114hr22enr/html/BILLS- 114hr22enr.htm. University of San Diego. (2015). The New Blue: Metropolitan Transit System Trolley Line to Be Renamed UC San Diego Blue Line. July 16, 2015. Retrieved on 5/31/2016 from: http://www.sdmts.com/inside-mts/news- release/new-blue-metropolitan-transit-system-trolley-line-be-renamed-uc-san-diego. Vadali, S. (2014). NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 459: Using the Economic Value Created by Transportation to Fund Transportation. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C. Vadali, S. R., Aldrete, R. M., and Bujanda, A. (2009). Financial Model to Assess Value Capture Potential of a Roadway Project. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2115, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., pp. 1–11. Wong, M. (2015). Hong Kong’s MTR: Taking a Ride on the World’s Most Envied Metro System. Retrieved on 5/21/2016 from www.cnn.com/2015/03/29/travel/hong-kong-mtr-success-story/. Zhang, M. (2007). Chinese Edition of Transit-Oriented Development. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board No. 2038, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., pp. 120–127. Zhao, Z. J., and Das, K. V. (2012). Joint Development as a Value Capture Strategy in Funding Public Transpor- tation. Journal of Transport and Land Use, Volume 5, Issue 1, pp. 5–13. dx.doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.v5i1.142. Zhao, Z. J., and Larson, K. (2011). Special Assessments as a Value Capture Strategy for Public Transit Finance. Public Works Management & Policy, April 1, 2015 20: 127–145.