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Flowback and Produced Waters: Opportunities and Challenges for Innovation: Proceedings of a Workshop (2017)

Chapter: Appendix B: Members of the Roundtable on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Members of the Roundtable on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Flowback and Produced Waters: Opportunities and Challenges for Innovation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24620.
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Appendix B

Members of the Roundtable on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development

DAVID A. DZOMBAK (NAE), Co-Chair, Carnegie Mellon University

WENDY J. HARRISON, Co-Chair, Colorado School of Mines

BRIAN J. ANDERSON, West Virginia University

MELISSA BATUM, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Department of the Interior

SUSAN L. BRANTLEY (NAS), The Pennsylvania State University

JEFFREY J. DANIELS, The Ohio State University

AKHIL DATTA-GUPTA (NAE), Texas A&M University–College Station

DAVID GLATT, North Dakota Department of Health and Environmental Council of the States’ Shale Gas Caucus

JULIA HOBSON HAGGERTY, Montana State University

STEVEN P. HAMBURG, Environmental Defense Fund

MARILU HASTINGS, The Cynthia and George Mitchell Foundation

MURRAY HITZMAN, U.S. Geological Survey

JOE LIMA, Schlumberger Services, Inc.

DANIEL LIND, Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, Department of the Interior

PETER MacKENZIE, GeoStabilization International

JAN MARES, Resources for the Future

ELENA S. MELCHERT, Department of Energy

EVAN S. MICHELSON, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

C. MICHAEL MING, GE Global Research Oil & Gas Technology Center

KRIS J. NYGAARD, ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co.

AMY PICKLE, Duke University

CRAIG SIMMONS, Flinders University

TIMOTHY R. SPISAK, Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior

BERRY H. (NICK) TEW, JR., Geological Survey of Alabama, State Oil and Gas Board, and Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission and Groundwater Protection Council

SCOTT W. TINKER, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Members of the Roundtable on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Flowback and Produced Waters: Opportunities and Challenges for Innovation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24620.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Members of the Roundtable on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Flowback and Produced Waters: Opportunities and Challenges for Innovation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24620.
×
Page 69
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Members of the Roundtable on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Flowback and Produced Waters: Opportunities and Challenges for Innovation: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24620.
×
Page 70
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Produced water—water from underground formations that is brought to the surface during oil and gas production—is the greatest volume byproduct associated with oil and gas production. It is managed by some combination of underground injection, treatment and subsequent use, treatment and discharge, or evaporation, subject to compliance with state and federal regulations. Management of these waters is challenging not only for industry and regulators, but also for landowners and the public because of differences in the quality and quantity of produced water, varying infrastructure needs, costs, and environmental considerations associated with produced water disposal, storage, and transport.

Unconventional oil and gas development involves technologies that combine horizontal drilling with the practice of hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is a controlled, high-pressure injection of fluid and proppant into a well to generate fractures in the rock formation containing the oil or gas. After the hydraulic fracture procedure is completed, the injected fluid is allowed to flow back into the well, leaving the proppant in the newly created fractures. As a result, a portion of the injected water returns to the surface and this water is called "flowback water" which initially may mix with the naturally occurring produced water from the formation. The chemistry and volume of water returning to the surface from unconventional oil and gas operations thus changes during the lifetime of the well due to the amount of fluid used in the initial stage of well development, the amount of water naturally occurring in the geologic formation, the original water and rock chemistry, the type of hydrocarbon being produced, and the way in which production is conducted. The volume and composition of flowback and produced waters vary with geography, time, and site-specific factors.

A workshop was conducted by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to highlight the challenges and opportunities associated in managing produced water from unconventional hydrocarbon development, and particularly in the area of potential beneficial uses for these waters. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

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