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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
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Appendix A

Workshop Agenda

ANIMAL MODELS FOR MICROBIOME RESEARCH:
ADVANCING BASIC AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE

A WORKSHOP OF THE ROUNDTABLE ON SCIENCE AND WELFARE IN LABORATORY ANIMAL USE

December 19-20, 2016

500 Fifth Street NW, Washington DC 20001
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Keck Center, Room 100

MONDAY, DECEMBER 19

(Gnotobiotic) Model Organisms and Microbiome Research:
Choices, Challenges, and Proposed Solutions

7:30–9:00 am Registration
9:00 Animal Models and Microbiome Research: A Trans-Kingdom Perspective
Herbert “Skip” Virgin, Washington University
9:45 Coffee Break
10:00 Session 1-1. Non-Rodent Animal Models for Microbiome Research
Much of current microbiome research has focused on mouse models. As with other branches of preclinical research, exploring the microbiome in other species complements and advances knowledge gleaned from mice. This session will provide perspectives on the benefits and limitations of some of these animal models.
C. Elegans - Buck Samuel, Baylor College of Medicine
Drosophila - Angela Douglas, Cornell University
Zebrafish - Karen Guillemin, University of Oregon
Piglets - Jeff Gordon, Washington University (Planning Committee Member) (remotely)
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
×
12:00 pm Lunch (Will not be provided. There is a cafeteria on the third floor of the Keck Center.)
1:00 Session 1-2. In Vitro Systems for Characterizing the Properties/Dynamic Operations of Microbial Consortia
One of the benefits stemming from advances in in vitro systems is the opportunity to reduce the number of animals needed to develop and test hypotheses, and in some cases replace their use entirely. Speakers in this session will present three non-animal systems for microbiome research, including thoughts on their ability to complement animal use now and in the future.
Bioreactors - Robert Britton, Baylor College of Medicine
Organoids - Vincent Young, University of Michigan (Planning Committee Member)
Microfluidics: Human organs on chips - Donald Ingber, Wyss Institute at Harvard University (remotely)
2:30 Coffee Break
2:45 Session 1-3. Modeling Human Microbiota in Animal Systems
Animal models provide opportunities to define the contributions of members of the microbiota to community function and the mechanisms through which they affect various aspects of host biology. This session illustrates current approaches that are being used and how these approaches may be advanced to promote further basic and translational research in this field.
A. Connecting Microbes to Metabolism Using Gnotobiotic Models
  • Biologically significant metabolites produced by the gut microbiota: their origins and functions - Federico Rey, University of Wisconsin–Madison
  • Mechanistic studies of how the gut microbiota influences host metabolism - Patrice Cani, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
B. Revisiting Koch’s Postulates from a Microbial Community Perspective
  • Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal carcinogenesis - Wendy Garrett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (Planning Committee Member) (remotely)
  • Microbes and atopic disorders - Richard S. Blumberg, Harvard Medical School
C. The Interface Between Microbes and Neuroscience
  • The effects of the microbiome on the behavior of bees - Nancy Moran, The University of Texas at Austin
  • Maternal stress and the microbiome: Programming of offspring neurodevelopment - Tracy Bale, University of Pennsylvania
5:45 pm Adjourn
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
×

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 20

Methodological Challenges in Characterizing Gnotobiotic Animal Models

9:00 am Session 2-1. Reproducibility: Within and Across Experiments
Creating Stabilized and Defined Microbiomes in Laboratory Animals Andrew Macpherson, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
9:45 Coffee Break
10:00 The role of host genetics - Aldons J. Lusis, University of California, Los Angeles
The role of immunological variation - Jeremiah Faith, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
The role of diets: Standardization and characterization - Gary Wu, University of Pennsylvania
The role of gender - Alexander Chervonsky, The University of Chicago
12:00 pm Lunch (Will not be provided. There is a cafeteria on the third floor of the Keck Center.)
1:00 Session 2-2. Establishing and Evolving Gnotobiotic Facilities and Their Technologies: Examining the Present and Looking to the Future Establishing the necessary infrastructure for microbiome research is challenging. How can a successful gnotobiotic facility be planned? What are some of the attributes that can ensure sustainability, community sharing, and support of such a facility (including rederivation and “archiving” of animals as germ-free)? The speakers will share their experiences regarding challenges and solutions encountered. They will also focus on advances in the support systems and facility operations that enable animal care personnel to provide for the improved well-being of the specialized animals used in microbiome research.
Establishing a new gnotobiotic facility: Education, missions, and accommodating success - Timothy Hand, University of Pittsburgh
Evolving an established gnotobiotic facility - R. Balfour Sartor, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Complex gnotobiology: An emerging paradigm in the era of next-generation sequencing - Craig Franklin, University of Missouri
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
×
Alternatives to gnotobiotics: Normalizing the environment - Stephen Jameson, University of Minnesota
Veterinary management challenges and future directions, including technical considerations for imaging and surgery in gnotobiotic animals - Betty Theriault, The University of Chicago
Unique challenges and future directions related to managing mouse gnotobiotic husbandry facilities - Chriss J. Vowles, University of Michigan
4:30 Overview of Workshop
Joseph Newsome and Vincent Young
5:00 pm Adjourn
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
×
Page 71
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
×
Page 72
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
×
Page 73
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Animal Models for Microbiome Research: Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24858.
×
Page 74
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The surface of the human body and its mucous membranes are heavily colonized by microorganisms. Our understanding of the contributions that complex microbial communities make to health and disease is advancing rapidly. Most microbiome research to date has focused on the mouse as a model organism for delineating the mechanisms that shape the assembly and dynamic operations of microbial communities. However, the mouse is not a perfect surrogate for studying different aspects of the microbiome and how it responds to various environmental and host stimuli, and as a result, researchers have been conducting microbiome studies in other animals.

To examine the different animal models researchers employ in microbiome studies and to better understand the strengths and weaknesses of each of these model organisms as they relate to human and nonhuman health and disease, the Roundtable on Science and Welfare in Laboratory Animal Use of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in December 2016. The workshop participants explored how to improve the depth and breadth of analysis of microbial communities using various model organisms, the challenges of standardization and biological variability that are inherent in gnotobiotic animal-based research, the predictability and translatability of preclinical studies to humans, and strategies for expanding the infrastructure and tools for conducting studies in these types of models. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

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