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Page 60
Suggested Citation:"Glossary." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Preparing Airports for Communicable Diseases on Arriving Flights. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24880.
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Page 61
Suggested Citation:"Glossary." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Preparing Airports for Communicable Diseases on Arriving Flights. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24880.
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Page 61
Page 62
Suggested Citation:"Glossary." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Preparing Airports for Communicable Diseases on Arriving Flights. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24880.
×
Page 62
Page 63
Suggested Citation:"Glossary." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Preparing Airports for Communicable Diseases on Arriving Flights. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24880.
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Page 63

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60 Glossary After-action review A professional discussion of an event, such as a disaster exercise, conducted during or immediately after such event. After-action review/improvement plan An after action review with a specific plan for correcting errors or deficiencies. Air traffic control A service operated by the appropriate authority to promote the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic. Air traffic control service ICAO term for air traffic control. Air traffic service A generic term meaning variously flight information service, alerting service, air traffic advisory service, air traffic control service (area control service, approach control ser- vice, or aerodrome control service). Aircraft rescue and firefighting Specially trained and equipped units that deal with aircraft accidents. Airport emergency plan A concise planning document developed by the airport operator that establishes airport operational procedures and responsibilities during various contingencies. Airports Council International A global association representing member airports. Business continuity plan; business continuity planning Creation of a strategy through the rec- ognition of threats and risks facing a company, with an eye to ensure that personnel and assets are protected and able to function in the event of a disaster. Canada Air Transport Security Authority The Canadian Crown corporation responsible for securing specific elements of the air transportation system, from passenger and baggage screening to screening airport workers. Canada Border Services Agency Agency that ensures Canada’s security and prosperity by facili- tating and overseeing international travel and trade across Canada’s border. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that serves to protect the United States from health, safety, and security threats, both foreign and domestic. Civil Aviation Contingency Operations A division of Transport Canada and the focal point for emergency preparedness activities. Responsible for contingency planning and occurrence report- ing in the national and regional regulatory and operational fields of civil aviation. Collaborative Arrangement for the Prevention and Management of Public Health Events in Civil Aviation Voluntary effort sponsored by ICAO to bring together international, regional, national, and local organizations to combine efforts and develop a coordinated approach to public health risks, such as pandemics. Communicable disease A human disease that is caused by an infectious agent or a biological toxin, poses a risk of significant harm to public health, and is transmissible by direct contact with an affected individual or by indirect means. Concept of operations A user-oriented document that describes system characteristics for a pro- posed system from the viewpoint of the user.

61 Coronavirus The type of virus that causes SARS and MERs-CoV. Customs and Border Protection U.S. agency with the mission to safeguard the nation’s borders, thereby protecting the public from dangerous people and materials while enhancing the nation’s global economic competitiveness by enabling legitimate trade and travel. Emergency medical services The treatment and transport of people in crisis health situations that may be life threatening. Emergency Support Functions Mechanism for grouping functions; most frequently used to pro- vide federal support to states and federal-to-federal support, both for declared disasters and emer- gencies under the U.S. Stafford Act and for non-Stafford Act incidents. Enplanements An enplanement is one revenue passenger boarding an aircraft at an airport. Epidemic An increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area. Federal Aviation Administration U.S. national authority with powers to regulate all aspects of civil aviation. General aviation All civil aviation operations other than scheduled air services and nonscheduled air transport operations for remuneration or hire. General aviation airport Public-use airports that do not have scheduled service or have fewer than 2,500 annual passenger enplanements. Health Canada The federal department responsible for helping Canadians maintain and improve their health while respecting individual choices and circumstances. Incident Command System A management system designed to enable effective and efficient domestic incident management by integrating a combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications operating within a common organizational structure. International Civil Aviation Organization The United Nations agency that develops and sug- gests airline safety standards and practices. International Health Regulations An international legal instrument that is binding for 196 coun- tries across the globe, including all the member states of WHO, and that requires countries to report certain disease outbreaks and public health events to WHO. Isolation Separation of sick people with a contagious disease from people who are not sick. Joint External Evaluation A voluntary, collaborative process to assess a country’s capacity under the International Health Regulations (2005) to prevent, detect, and rapidly respond to public health threats occurring naturally or as the result of a deliberate or accidental event. Joint information center A location where personnel with public information responsibilities per- form critical emergency information functions, crisis communications, and public affairs functions. Large hub airport An airport with 1% or more of total U.S. enplanements. Local health department The public health presence of local governments. Local public health preparedness coordinator Qualified person who performs a variety of func- tions in a public health preparedness program, including program coordination/management, proj- ect management, policy and procedure development and interpretation, program development,

62 and coordinates program/project evaluation, documentation, technical assistance for and repre- sentation of the department, and organization networking. Medium hub airport An airport with at least 0.25% but less than 1% of total U.S. enplanements. National Airspace System The airspace, navigation facilities, and airports of the United States along with their associated information, services, rules, regulations, policies, procedures, person- nel, and equipment. National Civil Air Transportation System The Canadian equivalent of the U.S. National Air- space System. National Incident Management System A systematic, proactive approach to guiding departments and agencies at all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to work together seamlessly and manage incidents involving all threats and hazards, regardless of cause, size, location, or complexity. National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems Program to identify existing and proposed U.S. airports that are significant to national air transportation and thus eligible to receive federal grants under the Airport Improvement Program. Nonhub primary airport An airport with more than 10,000 enplanements but less than 0.05% of total U.S. enplanements. Pandemic An epidemic occurring worldwide or over a wide area, crossing international boundaries, and usually affecting a large number of people. Personal protective equipment Equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses. Port [of entry] An officially designated location (seaports, airports, or land border locations) where CBP officers or employees are assigned to accept entries of merchandise, clear passengers, collect duties, and enforce the various provisions of CBP and related laws. Public Health Agency of Canada The agency with the mission to promote and protect the health of Canadians through leadership, partnership, innovation, and action in public health. Public Health Emergency of International Concern A formal declaration by WHO. The declaration is promulgated by that body’s Emergency Committee operating under International Health Regulations. Public information officer The communications coordinator or spokesperson of certain gov- ernmental organizations (i.e., city, county, school district, state government, or police/fire departments). Quarantine To separate and restrict the movements of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick. Quarantine Act (Canada) The Act protects public health by taking comprehensive measures to prevent the introduction and spread of communicable diseases. The Act authorizes the Minister of Health to establish quarantine stations and quarantine facilities anywhere in Canada and to desig- nate various officers, including quarantine officers, environmental health officers, and screening officers. The Act authorizes measures that can be taken with respect of international travelers, or other persons at an entry or departure point, who have or might have a communicable disease (one that poses a risk of significant harm to public health). It also authorizes measures that can be taken with respect to conveyances arriving in or departing from Canada and cargo on those conveyances that could be the source of a communicable disease.

63 Reliever airport Airports designated by the U.S. FAA to relieve congestion at commercial service airports and to provide improved general aviation access to the overall community. Risk-Based Border Strategy A former CDC program to enhance the capacity of local health departments to provide risk-based disease screening strategies to reduce the impact of pandemic influenza and other communicable disease. The primary means of achieving this goal are to identify, create, and expand opportunities for collaboration among federal, state, and local part- ners to plan for, respond to, and recover from an influenza pandemic and other communicable disease incidents. Security Identification Display Area An area designated by an airport operator in the United States to comply with FAA requirements directed by Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 107.205. Sensitive security information (SSI) Information that, if publicly released, would be detrimental to transportation security, as defined by Federal Regulation 49 C.F.R. Part 1520. Small hub airport An airport with at least 0.05% but less than 0.25% of total U.S. enplanements. Social media Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or partici- pate in social networking. Standard operating procedure A set of step-by-step instructions compiled by an organization to help workers carry out operations. Surge A sudden requirement for greatly enhanced staff size to carry out one or more aspects of an emergency response. Tabletop exercise An activity in which key personnel assigned emergency management roles and responsibilities are gathered to discuss, in a nonthreatening environment, various simulated emergency situations. TSA An agency of the U.S. DHS that has authority over the security of the traveling public in the United States. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services U.S. federal agency with the mission to enhance and protect the well-being of all Americans by providing effective health and human services and fostering advances in medicine, public health, and social services. U.S. Department of Homeland Security U.S. federal agency designed to protect the United States against threats. Its wide-ranging duties include aviation security, border control, emergency response, and cybersecurity. World Health Organization A specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Synthesis 83: Preparing Airports for Communicable Diseases on Arriving Flights examines current disease preparedness and response practices at U.S. and Canadian airports in coordination with public health officers and partners. While larger airports that receive international flights are most likely to experience the challenges associated with these events, the preparedness and response lessons are transferable to the aviation sector more widely. Smaller airports may be final destinations of those traveling with communicable diseases, so report findings are useful to all airport operators and local public health officers.

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