National Academies Press: OpenBook
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
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High-Entropy Materials,
Ultra-Strong Molecules,
and Nanoelectronics

EMERGING CAPABILITIES AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP

Linda Casola, Rapporteur

Defense Materials Manufacturing and Infrastructure
Standing Committee

National Materials and Manufacturing Board

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

images

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

This activity was supported by Contract No. W911NF-10-C-0098 with the Department of Defense. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-47569-3
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-47569-4
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25106

Cover image: Materials research is the never-ending quest for new capabilities. Today’s research objectives are explored and exemplified with three topics and in one cover image, all of which hold their own intricacy but also the future promise of new extended capabilities. As each element, bond, and device is added, they begin to form an intricate solution. Graphic artist: Erik Svedberg.

Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu/.

Copyright 2019 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics—Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25106.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
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The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president.

The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.

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Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
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Image

Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task.

Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies.

For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
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DEFENSE MATERIALS MANUFACTURING AND INFRASTRUCTURE STANDING COMMITTEE

MICHAEL F. McGRATH, McGrath Analytics, LLC, Chair

VALERIE BROWNING, ValTech Solutions, LLC

DIANNE CHONG, Boeing Company (retired)

JESUS M. DE LA GARZA, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

ROSARIO A. GERHARDT, Georgia Institute of Technology

PAUL J. KERN, NAE,1 The Cohen Group

E. WARD PLUMMER, NAS,2 Louisiana State University

ROBERT POHANKA, National Nanotechnology Coordination Office (retired)

KATHERINE STEVENS, GE Aviation

DENISE SWINK, Independent Consultant

HAYDN N.G. WADLEY, University of Virginia

Staff

JAMES C. LANCASTER, Acting Director, National Materials and Manufacturing Board

ERIK B. SVEDBERG, Senior Program Officer

LINDA CASOLA, Rapporteur

HEATHER LOZOWSKI, Financial Manager

NEERAJ P. GORKHALY, Assistant Program Officer

HENRY KO, Research Assistant (until January 25, 2019)

JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Program Assistant

___________________

1 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

2 Member, National Academy of Sciences.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×

NATIONAL MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING BOARD

ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, NAE,1 GE Aviation, Chair

MICHAEL BASKES, NAE, Mississippi State University

JIM C.I. CHANG, National Cheng Kung University

JENNIE S. HWANG, NAE, H-Technologies Group

SANDRA HYLAND, Consultant

SUNDARESAN JAYARAMAN, Georgia Institute of Technology

ROBERT H. LATIFF, R. Latiff Associates

MICHAEL F. McGRATH, McGrath Analytics, LLC

CELIA MERZBACHER, Semiconductor Research Corporation

EDWARD MORRIS, National Center for Defense Manufacturing

VINCENT RUSSO, Aerospace Technologies Associates, LLC

GREG TASSEY, University of Washington

HAYDEN N.G. WADLEY, University of Virginia

BEN WANG, Georgia Institute of Technology Manufacturing Institute

Staff

JAMES C. LANCASTER, Acting Director

ERIK B. SVEDBERG, Senior Program Officer

HEATHER LOZOWSKI, Financial Manager

NEERAJ P. GORKHALY, Assistant Program Officer

JOSEPH PALMER, Senior Program Assistant

___________________

1 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×

Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.

We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings, nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by Lourdes Salamanca-Riba, University of Maryland, College Park. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this summary rests entirely with the rapporteur and the National Academies. We are also grateful to Michelle Schwalbe in the Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences for additional guidance in the drafting of the manuscript.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
Page R7
Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
Page R8
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
×
Page R9
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. High-Entropy Materials, Ultra-Strong Molecules, and Nanoelectronics: Emerging Capabilities and Research Objectives: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25106.
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High-entropy materials, ultra-strong molecules, and nanoelectronics have become a focus of active research because of their unique potential and applications. Global research is rapidly accelerating and unlocking major recent breakthroughs. It is important to highlight these recent developments and explore possibilities for future research and applications.

The National Academies convened a workshop on February 10-11, 2016 to discuss issues in defense materials, manufacturing, and infrastructure. Key topics of discussion included emerging capabilities and research objectives for ultra-strong molecules, high-entropy materials, and nanoelectronics. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

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