National Academies Press: OpenBook

Transit Security Preparedness (2020)

Chapter: Appendix D - Survey Results

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D - Survey Results." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Transit Security Preparedness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25764.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

99 Survey Results A P P E N D I X D Agency Characteristics A1. Select the FTA Note: Some survey results are omitted from this appendix. region you are located in by choosing region (1-10). If you are not a US transit agency, please select Other. A2. What are the annual passenger miles of your agency?                                                  

100 Transit Security Preparedness A4. How many buses does your agency have in its system? A3. What types of vehicles and transit services does your agency provide? Check all that apply.                        ­­  ­€­‚‚  ƒ­€­‚‚‚  „­     …  ƒ  †  ‚ 

Survey Results 101 B2. Crimes Against Passengers (Please indicate all types of occurrences that apply. Use the year 2018 as your basis for the number of incidents.) Types of Security Incidents B1: Incidents involving unruly, disorderly or aggressive behavior (Please indicate all types of occurrences that apply. Use the last calendar year, e.g., 2018, as your basis for the number of incidents.)                                 ­      € ‚    ƒ  ­„  …†  ‡ ˆ ‡ ‰ ‡ Š ‡ ‹ ‡  ‡ …Œ †† …Œ Ž    Ž …Œ „  ‚  ‘‚ ‡ ˆ ‡ ‰ ‡ Š ‡ ‹ ‡  ‡

102 Transit Security Preparedness Bomb Threats B4. How many bomb threats has your agency experienced in the past 3 years? B3. Assaults and Crimes against Agency Property (Please indicate all types of occurrences that apply. Use the year 2018 as your basis for the number of incidents.)                                                     ­    ­€€      ‚     ­€ ƒ „

Survey Results 103 B7. How many major cybersecurity incidents has your agency experienced in the past 3 years? B5. How does your agency respond to bomb threats directed towards agency property? Please select all used by your agency. Cybersecurity B6. In the past 3 years, has your agency experienced a cybersecurity breach or other incident affecting your transportation operations systems or enterprise data systems (e.g., virus, Phishing, DDOS, ransomware, etc.)?                            ­ €       

104 Transit Security Preparedness B8. Which type of system(s) was breached? Select all that apply.                                   ­ €‚ ƒ€‚ „€‚ …€‚ †€‚ ‡€‚ ˆ€‚ ‰€‚ Š€‚ ‹€‚ ƒ€€‚

Survey Results 105 Security Preparedness D1. What is your agency’s level of engagement in terms of security programs, security awareness and reporting? D2. In which areas has your agency made major changes, if any, in overall security and security practices in last five years? Check all that apply.                                         ­    ­  €  ‚ƒ      

106 Transit Security Preparedness D3. What major security staffing changes, if any, have been made at your agency in last five years? Check all that apply. D4. In which area(s) is your agency made currently making security-related investments? Please rate the level of investments as “high,” “medium,” “low,” “none,” or ”planned.”                         ­ € ‚ ƒ „ …  †   ‡  ˆˆ‰ …  ‡ …   Š †‡Š ˆ  ƒ   ‹ ­ Œ € Ž ‚ ‘ ƒ

Survey Results 107 E1. Does your agency have established policies and procedures for managing security incidents? Codes of Conduct E2. Does your agency have a Customer or Passenger Code of Conduct? E3. Is the Customer/Passenger Code of Conduct posted on your agency website and/or agency property? E4. If the Customer/Passenger Code of Conduct is posted on agency property, where is it posted?                                      ­€     

108 Transit Security Preparedness Security Awareness Programs F1. Are you aware of the “See Something-Say Something” program? F2. Does your agency participate in the “See Something-Say Something” program? F3. Are you aware of the “First Observer” program? F4. Does your agency participate in the ”First Observer” program?        

Survey Results 109 F5. Is your agency receiving reports of suspicious activity from passengers or employees? F6. How would you rate the effectiveness of the customer awareness programs used in your agency? F7. How would you rate the effectiveness of your employee awareness programs used in your agency?                                                         

110 Transit Security Preparedness F8. What type of suspicious objects, people, activity, or behavior is being reported by your passengers and/or employees? Check all that apply. F9. How do employees report suspicious activities, objects or people? Check all that apply.                                           ­ € ‚ ƒ   ‚    ‚  ‚ ‚     „  ƒ…  €  †  ‡   ˆ ­ ‰ €

Survey Results 111 F10. What reporting mechanism does your agency use for customers to report suspicious activities, objects or people? Check all that apply. F11. Does your agency report employee and customer identified suspicious activity to federal or state agencies? F12. Please identify the reporting agency or agencies that are notified of suspicious activity or objects. Check all that apply.                                 ­ € ‚  ƒ  „  …     …   †      † ‡ ˆ‰   …     Š      …  ‹      ­ €

112 Transit Security Preparedness Security Presence G1. What type(s) of security forces does your agency utilize? Check all that apply. G2. What is the staffing level of the security force used by your agency?                            ­  €  ‚  ƒ  „  …  †  ‡  ˆ  ­  ­€„  €…„  „­†„  †„­  ‰­  Š‹   €  ƒ  …  ‡  ­ 

Survey Results 113 G3. If you do not have a dedicated transit police force, how do you provide security? Check all that apply.                           ­ € ‚ 

114 Transit Security Preparedness G4. What types of Surveillance and Inspections does your agency utilize regularly? Check all that apply.                                      ­ €‚ ƒ€‚ „€‚ …€‚ †€‚ ‡€‚ ˆ€‚ ‰€‚ Š€‚ ‹€‚ ƒ€€‚

Survey Results 115 G5. Which of the following techniques are used to address and mitigate assaults on employees and passengers (committed by passengers or the general public), or to reduce and/or prevent confrontations? Please check all that apply. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) H1. Has your agency reviewed or assessed your facilities based on Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles within the last 3 years? H2. Does your agency have trained and certified CPTED inspectors on staff or available as contractors?                                     ­ € ‚ ƒ  ƒ 

116 Transit Security Preparedness H3. What is the frequency of the CPTED Studies for Agency facilities? Use of Technology J1. Has your agency implemented, or is planning to implement, any of the following technologies for security?                     ­ €‚ƒ „ …‚ † ƒ‡‡‡  ˆ† †‡‡‡       ‰  Š 

Survey Results 117 J2. Have you encountered any of the following challenges in your agency’s use of the technology? Check all that apply. Cooperation and Collaboration K1. Please indicate whether your agency has formal cooperative relationships (e.g., MOUs) with other units or agencies. Check all that apply.                            ­€  ‚­ ƒ „ …            

118 Transit Security Preparedness K2. Who are your partners in these collaborative efforts? Check all that apply. Training L1. What training courses has your agency provide to your police, security staff (whether in house or contracted out), and employees within the past 3 years? Please check all that apply.                     ­ € ‚ ƒ „ …    † ‡  ˆ ‰   ‰  Š  Š‹ Œ  Ž ‘  Œ  ‘   Œ          ­ € ‚ ƒ „ … 

Survey Results 119 L2. Are refresher training courses offered to your police, security staff (whether in house or contracted out), and employees? L3. Please specify how frequently the refresher courses are offered?                    

120 Transit Security Preparedness L4. What refresher training courses are offered to your police, security staff (whether in house or contracted out), and employees? Please check all that apply.                       ­ € ‚ ƒ „ … † 

Survey Results 121 L5. Does the Agency provide formal security training to employees? Please select all the categories of employees that apply.                                      ­  €  ‚  ƒ  „  …  †  ‡  ˆ  ­ 

122 Transit Security Preparedness M1. How would you rate your agency in its efforts to address the major security challenges your agency encounters? L6. Please specify how often your agency holds the following drills, exercises, simulations or tabletop exercises/workshops.                                ­ € € € ‚€ ƒ€ € „   … †­   … ‡ †­   … „   … € € € ‚€ ƒ€ €

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Sixty percent of the transit-industry practitioners surveyed rate their transit agency’s efforts to address their major security challenges as somewhat or very successful. However, only 25 percent say they have implemented any security-risk-reduction program that they consider to be exceptional or exemplary.

The TRB Transit Cooperative Research Program's TCRP Synthesis 146: Transit Security Preparedness identifies current practices transit systems can use to enhance their security measures and to identify opportunities to apply security technology applications used in other industries to the transit environment.

One size does not fit all in the context of transit security. However, there are common themes in all effective security preparedness approaches.

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