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Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders (2020)

Chapter: Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix F - Data Needs Assessment." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25867.
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A P P E N D I X F Data Needs Assessment F-1 Once ICM strategies have been narrowed down and key performance measures have been identified, an analysis plan will need to be developed (see Appendix E Workstep 1 for more details). A major component of the analysis plan is data collection, which can include input data for Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation (AMS), performance data for model calibration and validation, and data for ICM approaches and strategies. This summary of the AMS Data Collection Plan for the I-15 Pioneer Corridor outlines the various tasks associated with identifying the data that needs to be collected for application of the ICM AMS tools and strategies to this corridor in order to support benefit-cost assessment for the successful implementation of ICM. Principles in Developing and Executing the Data Collection Plan A number of principles apply in developing and executing the data collection plan. These are summarized as follows: Resource and Timeframe Constraint—The overall ICM AMS effort must take place within the budget and timeframe specified in the analysis plan. In particular, available data at the San Diego Pioneer Site will be leveraged in the AMS effort. Recognize Current Limitations in Available Data—There are known gaps in the available data that must be bridged by collecting additional field data and deriving estimates for other missing data. Collate Information on Current and Future Traffic Management Systems—The data collection plan also includes a listing of the resources used by the AMS team to obtain information about current and future (planned) systems that will be replicated in the AMS effort. These systems include hardware components, operational characteristics, and creation and modification attributes, which will be summarized to the extent possible by the AMS team. Any significant assumptions that would be required because of absence of any such information will be provided in the Analysis plan. Correlation between Data Collection for Model Calibration and 2003 Baseline Year— 2003 is the base year selected for analysis since it is the most appropriate time period when there was no significant construction activity happening along the I-15 corridor and for which there is a validated travel demand model. A significant portion of the data collected is for purposes of model calibration and validation for this baseline year.

F-2 Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders Corridor Site and Description The Pioneer Site identified for this analysis is the Interstate 15 (I-15) corridor in San Diego, California. The corridor extends from the interchange with State Route (SR) 163 in the south to the interchange with SR 78 in the north, a freeway stretch of approximately 20 miles. Also included in the study area are the roadways discussed below. This appendix outlines the AMS Data Collection plan for the I-15 ICM Corridor in San Diego County. The focus of this appendix is on the specific types of data that currently are available, whether in electronic or paper form, including listings of signalized arterial intersections with signal timing plans, volume of through traffic, turning movements, and speeds. In addition, it identifies the gaps in the data where additional data collection is required for the analysis, modeling, and simulation tasks. The I-15 Corridor Site extends from the interchange with SR 163 in the south to the interchange with SR 78 in the north, a freeway stretch of 21 miles. Also included in the study area are the following seven primary arterial roadways: Centre City Parkway. Pomerado Road. Rancho Bernardo Road. Camino Del NorteRoad. Ted Williams Parkway. Black Mountain Road. Scripps Parkway/Mercy Road. FIGURE F.1 illustrates the study area and its roadways that will be utilized for analysis of this Pioneer Site. I-15 is divided into three sections (pink, orange, and green) corresponding to the three separate roadway sections under construction as part of the new Managed Lanes with Congestion Pricing facility. I-15 is an eight to 10-lane freeway section in San Diego providing an important connection between San Diego and cities such as Poway and Escondido, and destinations to the northeast. The current operations on I-15 include two center-median lanes that run along eight miles of I-15 between SR 163 in the south and Ted William Parkway (SR 56) in the north. These center-median lanes are reversible high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes that are being operated in a 2+2 configuration except on Thursday mornings where it uses a 3 southbound + 1 northbound configuration. The current operations also allow single-occupancy vehicles (SOV) to utilize the roadway for a price, effectively operating as high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes. The section between SR 78 and SR 163 (study area) will eventually include four center median lanes, which will have three lanes operating as HOT lanes in the peak direction.

Data Needs Assessment F-3 FIGURE F.1. San Diego I-15 Integrated Corridor Management study area (San Diego Association of Governments AV Graphics, 2008). According to the Concept of Operations (CONOPS) report for this corridor, current weekday traffic volumes range from 170,000 to 290,000 vehicles on the general-purpose lanes of I-15, and approximately 20,000 vehicles use the I-15 Express Lanes during weekdays. The I-15 corridor, one of three primary north-south transportation corridors in San Diego County, is the primary north- south highway in inland San Diego County, serving local, regional, and interregional travel. The corridor is a heavily utilized regional commuter route, connecting communities in northern

F-4 Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders San Diego County with major regional employment centers. The corridor is situated within a major interregional goods movement corridor, connecting Mexico with Riverside and San Bernardino Counties, as well as Las Vegas, Nevada. Methodology for Developing the Data Collection Plan The methodology for developing the data collection plan comprises a four-step process described as follows: 1. Review all relevant and appropriate I-15 ICM reports and documentation that deal with the I-15 ICM data collection effort in general and specifically about information regarding current and planned transportation management systems. The following resource list has been reviewed: Integrated Corridor Management—Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation Sample Data List draft report, December 2006. Integrated Corridor Management—Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation for the San Diego I-15 in San Diego, California Analysis Plan, November 2008. San Diego I-15 Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) System, Final I-15 ICM Concept of Operations, March 2008. San Diego I-15 Integrated Corridor Management (ICM), Final I-15 ICM System Requirements, March 2008. 2. Assess the current state of required data by corridor agency stakeholders, including the following: San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG). California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). Cities of San Diego, Escondido, and Poway. Metropolitan Transit System (MTS) and North County Transit District (NCTD). 3. Identify gaps between data requirements and available data. 4. Develop a specific timeline with which to execute the data collection. Documentation Review The purpose of the Sample Data List memorandum is to provide a sample data list for the AMS work to be conducted, which includes the following: Input data for AMS. Performance data for model calibration and validation. Data for ICM approaches and strategies.

Data Needs Assessment F-5 Input data for AMS is organized into the following components: Network. Travel Demand. Traffic Control. Transit. ITS elements. TABLE F.1 below provides a summary of the input data required for AMS. The Sample Data List memorandum provides a full description of each of these input data components. TABLE F.1. Input data for analysis, modeling, and simulation. Network Travel Demand Traffic Control Transit ITS Elements Link Distances Link Volume Freeways Transit Routes Surveillance System Free-flow Speeds Traffic Composition Ramp Metering Transit Stops Detector Type Geometrics— Freeways On- and Off- Ramp Volumes Type (local, system-wide) Location Detector Spacing # Travel Lanes Turning Movement Counts Detectors Geometrics CCTV Presence of Shoulders Vehicle Trip Tables Metering Rates Dwell Times Information Dissemination # HOV Lanes (if any) Person Trip Tables Algorithms (adaptive metering) Transit Schedules CMS Operation of HOV Lanes Transit Ridership Mainline Control Schedule Adherence Data HAR Accel/Dec Lanes Metering Transfer Locations Other (e.g., 511) Grade Lane Use Signals Transit Speeds In-vehicle Systems Curvature Variable Speed Limits Transit Fares Incident Management Ramps Arterials Payment Mechanisms Incident Detection Geometrics— Arterials Signal System Description Paratransit CAD System Number of Lanes Controller Type Demand- responsive Response and Clearance Lane Usage Phasing Rideshare programs Incident Data Logs Length of Turn Pockets Detector Type and Placement Tolling System Grade Signal Settings Type

F-6 Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders Network Travel Demand Traffic Control Transit ITS Elements Turning Restrictions Signal Timing Plans Pricing Mechanisms Parking Transit Signal Priority System TMC Parking Facilities Control Logic Control Software/Functions Location Detection Communications Capacity Settings Data Archival Dissemination Park and Ride Lots Emergency Preemption System Transit/Fleet Management System Location Control Logic AVL Capacity Detection Communications Settings Traveler Information Bus Stops These data must be provided for all links in the corridor study area. These data must be provided for a consistent analysis period, including the same date for data from all facilities in the corridor area. To facilitate the assessment of variability in traffic volumes and speeds, data must be provided for multiple days of the week and months of the year for all facilities in the study corridor. Source: Sample Data List, December 2006. Performance data for model calibration and validation is based on a three-step framework for microscopic models that is described in the Sample Data List. The framework suggests that the following data are important for model calibration and performance analysis: Capacity at bottleneck locations. Traffic volumes at key network locations. Travel times on network links. Spatial and temporal extent of queuing. TABLE F.2 shows the data requirements for the San Diego I-15 ICMapproaches and strategies based on work performed in the development of the analysis plan, which in turn, was formulated from the CONOPS. The table is configured as a matrix with ICM approaches and strategies, together with the AMS input data components.

Data Needs Assessment F-7 TABLE F.2. Data requirements for San Diego I-15 Integrated Corridor Management approaches and strategies. ICM Approaches and Strategies Data Requirements Network Data Demand Control Transit ITS Elements ATIS pre-trip information X X X ATIS en-route traveler information X X X Signal priority to transit X X X X X Coordinated operation ramp meters and X X X Physical Bus Priority X X Modify ramp metering rates to accommodate traffic shifting from arterial X X Modify HOV restrictions X X X Congestion pricing on Managed Lanes X Source: Sample Data List, December 2006. TABLE F.3 maps the data shown per category in TABLE F.2 with the ICM Approaches and Strategies to produce the sample data list for each ICM strategy. The Concept of Operations and System Requirements documents provide information on the I-15 ICM System currently including existing and planned-for systems together with a timeline for their implementation. Of particular relevance to and importance for the data collection plan are the Intermodal Transportation Management System (IMTMS) and the Decision Support System (DSS). The IMTMS system is an existing data acquisition and dissemination network within the San Diego region; it is, in turn, connected to a number of existing and planned external systems in the region including, but not limited to, the Regional Arterial Management System (RAMS), the Regional Transit Management System (RTMS), and the Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) 2005. Since these systems will be replicated in the course of the AMS effort, the team is collecting data/information about such systems as they relate to the selected ICM strategies and application scenarios. arterial traffic signals

F-8 Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders TABLE F.3. Data list for San Diego I-15 Integrated Corridor Management approaches and strategies. ICM Approaches and Strategies Data Requirements Network Data Demand Control Transit ITS Elements ATIS pre-trip information Link distances, geometrics Link volumes ATIS en-route traveler information Link distances, geometrics Link volumes Signal priority to transit Link distances, free-flow speeds, geometrics (arterials) Link volumes, turning movement counts, transit ridership Arterial signal timing plans, transit signal priority system, QuicNet 4+ system Transit routes, stops, schedules, schedule adherence data, speeds Coordinated operation ramp meters and arterial traffic signals Link distances, free-flow speeds, geometrics Freeway ramp metering, arterial signal timing plans, QuicNet 4+ system Physical Bus Priority Modify ramp metering rates to accommodate traffic shifting from arterial Link volumes, on-ramp volumes, turning movement counts Freeway ramp metering Modify HOV restrictions Geometrics (freeway) Paratransit, transit routes Congestion pricing on Managed Lanes Source: Sample Data List, December 2006. Current State of Required Data and Gap Identification The current state of required data varies by individual network: arterial, freeway, and transit. Each is presented in separate sections of this appendix.

Data Needs Assessment F-9 Arterial-Related Data TABLE F.4 below provides an example of the data available along the seven arterials included in the study area. Data requested or obtained for these arterials includes the following: Signal timings. Vehicle through volumes. Turning movement counts. Pedestrian volumes. Where data is present, cells are either marked with a “Y” (for yes, data available) or with the year data is available. Empty cells indicate locations where data currently is unavailable. In addition, cells marked with “NA” under the signal timing plans column indicate that these intersections are unsignalized. Any missing signal timing plans have been requested from both Caltrans and local government agencies. Acquiring vehicle turning movement counts, on the other hand, will be subcontracted to a data collection firm for all 107 intersections, as there appears to be a significant gap in the availability of traffic count information along the arterials. Turning movement counts will be conducted on typical weekdays (Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday) during the a.m. peak period between the hours of 5:00 a.m. and 10:00 a.m. Counts will be conducted preferably within a similar timeframe window (a minimum of two weeks). TABLE F.4. Example of data availability and gaps on arterials. No. Intersection Signal Timing Plans Vehicle Through Volumes Pedestrian Volumes Turning Movement Counts (TMC) TMC Request 1 Black Mountain Road at Activity Road Y 2001 2001 2001 Y 2 Black Mountain Road at Canyonside Park Y Y 3 Black Mountain Road at Capricorn Way Y 2003 2003 2003 Y 4 Black Mountain Road at Carmel Mountain Road Y 2002 2002 2002 Y 5 Black Mountain Road at Carmel Valley Road Y 6 Black Mountain Road at Carroll Canyon Road Y Y 7 Black Mountain Road at Carroll Center Road Y 2002 2002 2002 Y 8 Black Mountain Road at Emden Road N/A 2002 2002 2002 Y 9 Black Mountain Road at Galvin Avenue Y 2003 2003 2003 Y 10 Black Mountain Road at Gemini Avenue Y 2003 2003 2003 Y Source: Sample Data List, December 2006.

F-10 Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders Freeway-Related Data Caltrans’ Performance Measurement System (PeMS) web site is capable of providing freeway data as fine as 30-second intervals. PeMS data is collected and archived 24/7 for all operating loop detectors on the freeway system, and the data obtained from it can be aggregated to any time interval: http://pems.eecs.berkeley.edu/. An example of the availability of PeMS data is shown in TABLE F.5. In addition to PeMS data, the following freeway-related information also is available from Caltrans and other public agencies: California Highway Patrol (CHP) computer-aided dispatch (CAD) logs are available for freeway incidents, which provides data including date, time, location, lane number, incident type, incident impact (e.g., lane closure, traffic backup). Caltrans’ Advanced Transportation Management System (ATMS 2005) contains the following data. Freeway congestion. Freeway incidents. Travel times. Planned events. Changeable message sign (CMS) status and current messages. Closed-circuit television (CCTV) imagery. Coverage of vehicle detection system (VDS) along I-15 (location and loop status). Snapshots of freewayloops. Freeway ramp metering rates include the following: Cycles/minute. Vehicles/cycle. Vehicles/hour/lane. Seconds/cycle. Vehicles per hour. Occupancy. A request has been made to obtain this data for a set of 62 I-15 ramps (both northbound and southbound). Caltrans signal phasing/timing plans at on- and off-ramps to I-15 freeway. ITS operations along I-15 freeway, including traffic control systems (signal systems, emergency preemption, and ramp metering) and ITS elements (surveillance systems, information dissemination, incident management, and traffic management center or TMC). Speed limit information for Baseline Year (2003) on I-15 and primary arterials: AMS Team has received a Geographic Information System (GIS) layer from Caltrans District 11 regarding this data.

TABLE F.5. Example of I-15 northbound PeMS data. No. Interchange Ramps Type PeMS Data 2003 PeMS Data 2008 1 I-15 ML I-15 NB to HOV FWY TO FWY Y 2 I-15 ML at SR 163 I-15 NB HOV On from SR 163 FWY TO FWY Y 3 SR 163 I-15 NB at SR 163 FWY TO FWY Y 4 Miramar Way Collector Distributor Mainline MANUAL Y Y 15 NB Off to Miramar CD TMC Y Loop on from Miramar Way CD Loop Off to Miramar Way CD I-15 NB On from Miramar CD Y Y 5 Miramar/Pomerado Road Mainline MANUAL Miramar/Pomerado Rd at I-15 NB Diag Off and On Ramps TMC Y Y I-15 NB Loop On from Pomerado Road Y Y 6 Carroll Canyon Road Mainline MANUAL Y Y I-15 NB on and off ramp at Carroll Canyon Road TMC Y (only for On) Y 7 Mira Mesa Boulevard Mainline MANUAL Y Y I-15 NB Diag On from Mira Mesa Boulevard TMC Y Y I-15 NB Diag Off to and Loop On from Mira Mesa Boulevard Y Y 8 Scripps Poway Parkway/Mercy Road Mainline MANUAL Y Y I-15 NB On and Off ramps at Scripps Poway TMC Y (only for On) Y (only for On) 9 Rancho Penasquitos/Poway Road Mainline MANUAL Y Y I-15 NB Diag Off at Rancho Penasquitos TMC Y I-15 NB Loop On from Rancho Penasquitos Boulevard Y Y I-15 NB Diag On from Ranchos Penasquitos Source: Sample Data List, December 2006.

F-12 Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders Transit-Related Data In addition to data along freeways and arterials, the availability of transit-related information along the Corridor also has been assessed. The I-15 Corridor is primarily serviced by the following six bus routes: Premium Express Bus Route 810—Escondido to Downtown San Diego. Premium Express Bus Route 820—Poway to Downtown. Premium Express Bus Route 850—Rancho Peñasquitos to Downtown. Premium Express Bus Route 860—Rancho Bernardo to Downtown. Express Service Bus Route 20—Downtown San Diego to North County Fair. Express Service Bus Route 210—Mira Mesa to Downtown San Diego. Bus schedules and route information are available through the local transit agency, San Diego MTS. We currently are collecting the following transit-related data from MTS and SANDAG; data collection is scheduled for completion in December 2008: For the 800 series and Routes 20 and 210 MTS bus routes, we have the following: Passenger survey data between 1995 and 2008. For the two express service Routes 20 and 210, we have the following: Automatic vehicle location (AVL)data (schedule adherence) as far back as 2007; and Automatic passenger counter (APC) data as far back as 2006. Timeline Schedule for Data Collection Travel Time Runs (Arterial and Freeway Locations) Following the boundaries of the study area, as shown in FIGURE F.1, TABLE F.6 lists the locations of the travel time runs that have been requested from the subcontracted data collection firm, National Data & Surveying Services (NDS). Travel time runs are being conducted along the freeway and arterials during the a.m. peak period between the hours of 5:00 and 9:00 a.m. beginning the week of January 5, 2009. Two runs are being conducted for each segment during a period of two typical weekdays (Tuesday, Wednesday, or Thursday), for a total of four runs per location. We have multiple databases of incident data (accident logs, incident logs, interrupted service occurrence logs) going back as far as 2001. Data will be supplied on a DVD.

Data Needs Assessment F-13 TABLE F.6. Travel time run locations. Location From To Pomerado Road I-15 Highland Valley Road Centre City Parkway I-15 I-15 Rancho Bernardo Road Pomerado Road Camino Del Norte Camino Del Norte Pomerado Road Rancho Bernardo Road Ted Williams Parkway (SR 56) Pomerado Road Black Mountain Road Black Mountain Road Pomerado Rd/Miramar Road SR 56 Scripps Parkway/Mercy Road Pomerado Road Black Mountain Road I-15 Southbound and Northbound SR 52 SR 78 Source: Sample Data List, December 2006. Arterial Data Collection Originally, there were 106 arterial intersections listed in TABLE F.4 for which turning movement counts are being collected by NDS between the hours of 5:00 and 10:00 a.m., beginning the week of January 5, 2009. Of the 106 arterial intersections, 91 require one person, while the remaining 15 intersections require two people to collect the data. Freeway Data Collection TABLE F.5 depicts an example of the I-15 on- and off-ramp locations of available PeMS data and data gaps. This data is not, however, being collected because the physical configuration has changed from that which existed in 2003. Moreover, time and resource constraints also have contributed to this data not being collected.

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Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) is a relatively new congestion management approach that has been gaining interest for its potential to mitigate congestion with few changes to the existing transportation infrastructure.

The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Report 899: Broadening Integrated Corridor Management Stakeholders addresses a broad range of operational and efficiency issues that are critical to bringing non-traditional (freight, transit, incident response, and nonmotorized) stakeholders into the ICM process.

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